7 Misalin Umurni na Linux masu ban sha'awa - Kashi na 2
A cikin labarinmu na ƙarshe mun rufe misalai daban-daban akan nau'in umarni, idan kun rasa, zaku iya shiga ta hanyar hanyar haɗin da ke ƙasa. A ci gaba da post na ƙarshe wannan post ɗin yana nufin rufe sauran nau'ikan umarni don duka labarin tare ya zama cikakken jagora ga umarnin 'nau'in' Linux.
- 14 Misalan Umurni na ' iri' a cikin Linux
Kafin mu ci gaba, ƙirƙiri fayil ɗin rubutu 'month.txt'kuma cika shi da bayanan kamar yadda aka bayar a ƙasa.
$ echo -e "mar\ndec\noct\nsep\nfeb\naug" > month.txt $ cat month.txt
15. Sanya fayil ɗin 'month.txt' bisa tsarin tsari na wata ta amfani da sauya 'M' (-wata-irin).
$ sort -M month.txt
Muhimmi: Lura cewa umarni 'nau'i' yana buƙatar aƙalla haruffa 3 don la'akari da sunan wata.
16. A jera bayanan da ke cikin tsarin mutum mai iya karantawa a ce 1K, 2M, 3G, 2T, inda K,M,G,T ke wakiltar Kilo, Mega, Giga, Tera.
$ ls -l /home/$USER | sort -h -k5
17. A cikin labarin da ya gabata mun ƙirƙiri fayil ɗin 'sorted.txt' a misali lamba 4 da wani fayil ɗin rubutu 'lsl.txt' a misali lamba 6. Mun san 'sorted.txt' an riga an jera shi yayin da 'lsl.txt' ba ba. Bari mu bincika duka fayilolin an jera su ko ba amfani da tsari iri ɗaya ba.
$ sort -c sorted.txt
Idan ya dawo 0, yana nufin cewa an jera fayil ɗin kuma babu wani rikici.
$ sort -c lsl.txt
Rashin Rahoto. Rikici..
18. Idan mai iyakance (masu raba) tsakanin kalmomi sarari ne, tsara umarni ta atomatik fassara wani abu bayan sararin samaniya a matsayin sabuwar kalma. Idan mai iyaka ba sarari ba fa?
Yi la'akari da fayil ɗin rubutu, abin da ke cikin sa an raba shi da wani abu ban da sarari kamar '|' ko '\' ko '+' ko '.' ko….
Ƙirƙiri fayil ɗin rubutu inda aka raba abun ciki ta +. Yi amfani da 'cat' don bincika abubuwan da ke cikin fayil.
$ echo -e "21+linux+server+production\n11+debian+RedHat+CentOS\n131+Apache+Mysql+PHP\n7+Shell Scripting+python+perl\n111+postfix+exim+sendmail" > delimiter.txt
$ cat delimiter.txt
Yanzu jera wannan fayil ɗin bisa ga filin na 1 wanda yake lamba.
$ sort -t '+' -nk1 delimiter.txt
Na biyu kuma bisa fage na 4 wanda ba adadi ba.
Idan mai iyakance Tab za ka iya amfani da $'' a madadin '+', kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin misalin da ke sama.
19. Jera abubuwan da ke cikin umarnin 'ls -l' don kundin adireshin gidanku bisa tushen shafi na 5 wanda ke wakiltar 'yawan bayanai' a cikin bazuwar tsari.
$ ls -l /home/avi/ | sort -k5 -R
Duk lokacin da kuka gudanar da rubutun da ke sama za ku iya samun sakamako daban tunda an samar da sakamakon ba da gangan ba.
Kamar yadda ya bayyana daga lambar ƙa'ida - 2 daga labarin ƙarshe, tsara umarni sun fi son layin farawa da ƙananan haruffa sama da manyan haruffa. Hakanan duba misali na 3 a labarin da ya gabata, inda zaren 'laptop' ya bayyana a gaban kirtani' LAPTOP'.
20. Yadda za a ƙetare fifikon rarrabuwar kawuna? kafin mu sami damar ƙetare zaɓin rarrabuwar tsoho muna buƙatar fitar da canjin yanayi LC_ALL zuwa c. Don yin wannan, gudanar da lambar da ke ƙasa a kan layin umarni naka.
$ export LC_ALL=C
Sannan jera fayil ɗin rubutun 'tecmint.txt' wanda ya tsallake zaɓin tsoho.
$ sort tecmint.txt
Kar a manta da kwatanta fitarwa da wanda kuka samu a misali na 3 sannan kuma zaku iya amfani da zabin '-f' aka '-ignore-case' don samun tsari mai tsari sosai.
$ sort -f tecmint.txt
21. Yaya game da gudanar da 'nau'i' akan fayilolin shigarwa guda biyu kuma haɗa su cikin tafi ɗaya!
Bari mu ƙirƙiri fayil ɗin rubutu guda biyu wato 'file1.txt' da 'file2.txt' kuma mu cika shi da wasu bayanai. Anan muna cike 'file1.txt' tare da lambobi kamar ƙasa. Hakanan ana amfani da umarnin 'cat' don bincika abun ciki na fayil.
$ echo -e “5 Reliable\n2 Fast\n3 Secure\n1 open-source\n4 customizable” > file1.txt $ cat file1.txt
Kuma cika fayil na biyu 'file2.txt' tare da wasu bayanai kamar.
$ echo -e “3 RedHat\n1 Debian\n5 Ubuntu\n2 Kali\n4 Fedora” > file2.txt $ cat file2.txt
Yanzu tsara kuma shiga cikin fitarwa na fayilolin biyu.
$ join <(sort -n file1.txt) <(sort file2.txt)
Shi ke nan a yanzu. Ci gaba da haɗi. Ci gaba zuwa Tecment. Da fatan za a ba mu ra'ayin ku mai mahimmanci a cikin sharhin da ke ƙasa. Like da share mu kuma a taimaka mana mu yada