Jerin RHCSA: Bitar Muhimman Dokoki & Takardun Tsarin - Kashi na 1

RHCSA (Red Hat Certified System Administrator) jarrabawar takaddun shaida ce daga kamfanin Red Hat, wanda ke ba da tsarin aiki mai buɗewa da software ga al'ummomin kasuwancin, Hakanan yana ba da tallafi, horo da sabis na shawarwari ga ƙungiyoyi.

Jarabawar RHCSA ita ce takaddun shaida da aka samu daga Red Hat Inc, bayan cin jarrabawar (codename EX200). Jarabawar RHCSA haɓakawa ce zuwa jarrabawar RHCT (Red Hat Certified Technician), kuma wannan haɓakawa ya zama dole yayin da aka haɓaka Linux Red Hat Enterprise Linux. Babban bambancin tsakanin RHCT da RHCSA shine jarrabawar RHCT bisa RHEL 5, yayin da takaddun RHCSA ya dogara ne akan RHEL 6 da 7, kayan aikin waɗannan takaddun shaida guda biyu kuma sun bambanta zuwa wani matakin.

Wannan Red Hat Certified System Administrator (RHCSA) yana da mahimmanci don aiwatar da manyan ayyukan gudanarwar tsarin da ake buƙata a cikin mahallin Linux na Red Hat Enterprise:

  1. Fahimta kuma yi amfani da kayan aikin da suka dace don sarrafa fayiloli, kundayen adireshi, layin umarni-muhalli, da takaddun fakiti/fakitin tsarin.
  2. Aiki da tsarin aiki, ko da a cikin matakan gudu daban-daban, ganowa da sarrafa matakai, farawa da dakatar da injunan kama-da-wane.
  3. Kafa ma'ajiyar gida ta amfani da juzu'i da juzu'i masu ma'ana.
  4. Ƙirƙiri da daidaita tsarin fayil na gida da na cibiyar sadarwa da halayensa (izni, ɓoyewa, da ACLs).
  5. Saita, daidaitawa, da tsarin sarrafawa, gami da shigarwa, sabuntawa da cire software.
  6. Sarrafa masu amfani da tsarin da ƙungiyoyi, tare da yin amfani da babban adireshin LDAP don tantancewa.
  7. Tabbatar da tsarin tsaro, gami da ainihin Tacewar zaɓi da daidaitawar SELinux.

Don duba kudade da rajista don jarrabawa a ƙasarku, duba shafin Takaddarwar RHCSA.

A cikin wannan jerin jigo na RHCSA mai lamba 15, mai suna Shiri don RHCSA (Mai Gudanar da Tsarin Gudanar da Tsarin Jarrabawar Hat Hat), za mu rufe batutuwa masu zuwa kan sabbin abubuwan da aka fitar na Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.

A cikin wannan Sashe na 1 na jerin RHCSA, za mu yi bayanin yadda ake shigar da aiwatar da umarni tare da madaidaitan ma'anar a cikin madaidaicin harsashi ko tasha, da kuma bayyana yadda ake nemo, bincika, da amfani da takaddun tsarin.

Aƙalla ɗan sanin masaniyar ainihin umarnin Linux kamar:

  1. cd umurnin (canja directory)
  2. ls umurnin (littafin lissafin)
  3. umarnin cp (kwafi fayiloli)
  4. mv umurnin (matsar da fayiloli ko sake suna)
  5. umarnin taɓawa (ƙirƙirar fayilolin da ba komai ko sabunta tambarin lokutan waɗanda suke)
  6. umarnin rm (share fayiloli)
  7. mkdir umurnin (yi directory)

An misalta yadda wasu daga cikinsu suka yi amfani da su daidai a cikin wannan labarin, kuma za ku iya samun ƙarin bayani game da kowannensu ta amfani da hanyoyin da aka ba da shawara a wannan labarin.

Ko da yake ba a buƙata sosai don farawa ba, kamar yadda za mu tattauna manyan umarni da hanyoyin neman bayanai a cikin tsarin Linux, ya kamata ku yi ƙoƙarin shigar da RHEL 7 kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin labarin na gaba. Zai sauƙaƙa abubuwa a hanya.

  1. Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 7 Jagoran Shigarwa

Yin hulɗa tare da Linux Shell

Idan muka shiga cikin akwatin Linux ta amfani da Tsarin rubutu allon shiga, da alama za a jefa mu kai tsaye zuwa cikin tsohuwar harsashi. A gefe guda, idan muka shiga ta amfani da ƙirar mai amfani da hoto (GUI), dole ne mu buɗe harsashi da hannu ta fara tasha. Ko ta yaya, za a gabatar da mu tare da saurin mai amfani kuma za mu iya fara bugawa da aiwatar da umarni (ana aiwatar da umarni ta danna maɓallin Enter bayan mun buga shi).

Umarni sun ƙunshi sassa biyu:

  1. sunan umarnin da kansa, da
  2. hujja

Wasu gardama, da ake kira zaɓuɓɓuka (yawanci ana shigar da ƙararrawa), suna canza halayen umarnin a wata hanya ta musamman yayin da wasu gardama ke fayyace abubuwan da umarnin ke aiki da su.

Umurnin na type na iya taimaka mana gano ko an gina wani takamaiman umarni a cikin harsashi ko kuma idan an bayar da shi ta wani fakiti na daban. Bukatar yin wannan bambance-bambance ya ta'allaka ne a wurin da za mu sami ƙarin bayani game da umarnin. Don ginanniyar harsashi muna buƙatar duba cikin shafin mutum na harsashi, yayin da ga sauran binaries za mu iya komawa shafin nasa na mutum.

A cikin misalan da ke sama, cd da nau'in an gina su ne a cikin harsashi, yayin da saman da ƙasa suna binary waje zuwa harsashi da kansa (a wannan yanayin, ana mayar da wurin da za a iya aiwatar da umarni ta hanyar nau'in).