Yadda ake Aiwatar da Injinan Virtual Multiple ta amfani da hanyar sadarwa (HTTP, FTP da NFS) ƙarƙashin muhallin KVM - Kashi na 2


Wannan shine Sashe na 2 na jerin KVM, anan zamu tattauna yadda ake tura injunan kama-da-wane na Linux ta amfani da shigarwar hanyar sadarwa a karkashin yanayin KVM. Za mu tattauna nau'ikan shigarwar hanyar sadarwa iri uku (FTP, NFS da HTTP), kowannensu yana da abubuwan da ake bukata na musamman.

Kafin farawa, tabbatar da cewa kuna da abubuwan da muka ambata a farkon wannan silsilar.

  1. Saita Injinan Kaya a cikin Linux Ta Amfani da KVM (Na'urar Virtual na tushen Kernel) - Kashi na 1

Shigar da hanyar sadarwa ta amfani da FTP

1. Kafin mu fara ya kamata mu shigar da kunshin sabis na ftp.

# yum install vsftpd

2. Bayan an shigar da vsftpd, to bari mu fara kuma sanya shi aiki na dindindin.

# systemctl start vsftpd
# systemctl enable vsftpd

3. Don matsalolin tsaro, ƙila ka buƙaci ƙara sabis na FTP zuwa Firewall.

# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=ftp
# firewall-cmd –reload

4. Yanzu lokaci ya yi da za a zabi Linux ISO da kuka fi so wanda kuke son yin aiki akai, a wannan bangare muna amfani da RHEL7 ISO. Bari mu hau hoton ISO a ƙarƙashin madaidaicin wurin (watau /mnt wurin). Hakanan zaka iya ƙirƙirar wurin hawan ku na al'ada.

# mount -t iso9660 -o ro /path-to-iso/rhel-server-7.0-x86_64-dvd.iso  /mnt/iso-mp/

5. Har yanzu, ba mu raba wani abu a ƙarƙashin uwar garken FTP tukuna. Hanyar data tsoho ta FTP ita ce /var/ftp/pub/ tana ba da damar ƙirƙirar sabon kundin adireshi a ƙarƙashinsa.

# mkdir /var/ftp/pub/RHEL7

6. Sa'an nan kuma Copy da mounted ISO fayiloli zuwa gare shi. Hakanan zaka iya ƙara zaɓin 'v' don cikakkun bayanai yayin yin kwafi.

# cp -r /mnt/iso-mp/* /var/ftp/pub/RHEL7/

7. A ƙarshe bari sake farawa vsftpd sabis kuma duba matsayin sabis.

# systemctl restart vsftpd
# systemctl enable vsftpd
# systemctl status vsftpd
 vsftpd.service - Vsftpd ftp daemon
 Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/vsftpd.service; enabled)
 Active: active (running) 
 Main PID: 27275 (vsftpd)

8. Yanzu lokaci ya fara mu GUI kayan aiki virt-manajan.

# virt-manager

9. Bayan fara 'virt-manager', ƙirƙirar sabon injin kama-da-wane sannan zaɓi Network install daga wannan taga.

10. Lokacin da kuka shigar da fakitin KVM a karon farko, an ƙirƙiri gada mai kama-da-wane don haɗa na'ura mai kama da mai masaukin jiki. Kuna iya nuna tsarin sa ta amfani da umarnin ifconfig.

# ifconfig virbr0
virbr0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.124.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.124.255
        inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe03:d8b9  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20
        ether 52:54:00:03:d8:b9  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 21603  bytes 1144064 (1.0 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 214834  bytes 1108937131 (1.0 GiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

Za ku lura cewa IP: 192.168.124.1 an ware shi zuwa gada mai kama-da-wane vibr0.Virtual inji yana amfani da wannan IP don haɗawa da mai masaukin jiki. Don haka, zamu iya cewa wannan IP tana wakiltar mai masaukin baki ne a cikin mahallin cibiyar sadarwar kama-da-wane.

Za mu yi amfani da wannan IP don samar da hanyar URL zuwa ga FTP directory wanda ya ƙunshi fayilolin ISO ɗin mu. Idan kun tura uwar garken FTP ɗin ku akan wani/mai watsa shiri mai nisa, kawai shigar da IP na ɗayan uwar garken maimakon IP na baya.

11. Sa'an nan za a tambaye ku game da albarkatun da kuma ajiya kamar yadda na baya bangaren na mu koyawa. Bayan haka zaku isa wannan taga ko wani abu makamancin haka.

Latsa Gama , kuma ku ji daɗin sabon injin ɗin ku.

Shigar da hanyar sadarwa ta amfani da NFS

1. Muna da kusan matakai iri ɗaya a nan, shigar da kunshin sabis na nfs.

# yum install nfs-utils

2. Na gaba, fara sabis na nfs kuma ƙara sabis ɗin zuwa Tacewar zaɓi na dindindin.

# systemctl start nfs
# systemctl enable nfs
# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=nfs
# firewall-cmd –reload

3. Dutsen Linux ISO.

# mount -t iso9660 -o ro /path-to-iso/rhel-server-7.0-x86_64-dvd.iso  /mnt/iso-mp/

4. Za mu iya raba wannan dutsen ta amfani da rabon NFS ta hanyar gyara /etc/exports.

#echo /mnt/iso-mp *(ro) > /etc/exports

5. Sake kunna sabis na NFS kuma duba matsayin sabis.

# systemctl restart nfs
# systemctl status nfs
   nfs-server.service - NFS server and services
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/nfs-server.service; disabled)
   Active: active (exited)

8. Fara GUI kayan aiki 'virt-manager'.

# virt-manager

9. Bayan fara 'virt-manager', ƙirƙiri sabon injin kama-da-wane sannan zaɓi Network shigar sannan shigar da hanyar URL na directory NFS wanda ya ƙunshi fayilolin ISO. Idan kun tura uwar garken NFS ɗinku akan wata na'ura mai nisa, kawai shigar da IP na wannan injin.

10. Sa'an nan za a umarce ku da ku shigar da kayan aiki da ajiya kamar yadda aka tattauna a cikin sashin da ya gabata na wannan jerin.

Shigar da hanyar sadarwa ta amfani da HTTP

1. Muna kuma da kusan matakai iri ɗaya a nan, shigar da kunshin sabis na http, fara shi kuma kunna shi har abada akan Tacewar zaɓi.

# yum install httpd
# systemctl start httpd
# systemctl enable httpd
# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=httpd
# firewall-cmd –reload

2. Na gaba, hawan hoton ISO a ƙarƙashin '/mnt/iso-mp'wuri.

# mount -t iso9660 -o ro /path-to-iso/rhel-server-7.0-x86_64-dvd.iso  /mnt/iso-mp/

3. Har yanzu ba mu raba komai a ƙarƙashin sabar HTTP tukuna. Hanyar bayanan tsoho na HTTP shine '/ var/www/html', yana ba da damar ƙirƙirar sabon kundin adireshi a ƙarƙashinsa.

# mkdir /var/www/html/RHEL7

4. Sa'an nan Kwafi mounted ISO ta files zuwa wannan directory.

# cp -r /mnt/iso-mp/* /var/www/html/RHEL7/

5. Sake kunna sabis na httpd kuma duba matsayin sabis.

# systemctl restart httpd
# systemctl status httpd
httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; disabled)
   Active: active (running)
 Main PID: 3650 (httpd)

6. Na gaba fara da 'virt-manager', ƙirƙirar sabon kama-da-wane inji sa'an nan zaži Network shigar da shigar HTTP directory url, wanda ya ƙunshi fayiloli na ISO image kuma bi hanya kamar yadda aka tattauna a sama.

Kammalawa

Mun tattauna yadda ake tura injin kama-da-wane na Linux ta amfani da shigarwar hanyar sadarwa. Shigar da hanyar sadarwa ya fi son shigarwa na gida saboda tsarin tsakiya wanda ke taimaka maka ka tura tushen shigarwa guda ɗaya, duk sabobin/na'ura suna amfani da shi don tura tsarin aikin su. Wannan ya rage ɓata lokacin shigarwa a cikin manyan mahalli.