Abubuwa 25 da za a yi Bayan Shigar Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (Focal Fossa)

Canonical a ƙarshe ya sanar da samun Ubuntu 20.04, sabon sakin ya zo tare da yawancin fakiti da shirye-shirye da aka sabunta waɗanda ke da kyau sosai ga mutanen da ke neman mafi sabunta fakiti.

A cikin wannan labarin, za mu bayyana wasu mahimman abubuwan da kuke buƙatar yi bayan shigar da Ubuntu 20.04, don farawa da amfani da Focal Fossa.

Da farko, kuna iya son duba koyawanmu game da haɓakawa ko shigar da Ubuntu 20.04 akan injin ku.

1. Yadda Ake Shigar Ubuntu 20.04 Desktop
2. Yadda ake Shigar uwar garken Ubuntu 20.04
Yadda ake haɓakawa zuwa Ubuntu 20.04 daga Ubuntu 18.04 & 19.10

Abubuwan da za a Yi Bayan Shigar Ubuntu 20.04

Bi waɗannan shawarwari masu sauri don yi bayan shigar da Ubuntu 20.04.

Mataki na farko shine dubawa da shigar da sabuntawa don ci gaba da sabunta software na kwamfutarka. Wannan shine ɗayan mafi mahimmancin aiki da kuke buƙatar yi don kare tsarin ku.

Don shigar da sabuntawa, buɗe Manajan Sabuntawa ta latsa 'Alt+F2', sannan shigar da 'update-manager' kuma danna Shigar.

Bayan Manajan Ɗaukakawa ya buɗe, idan akwai ɗaukakawa da za a shigar, zaku iya dubawa kuma zaɓi ɗaukakawar da ke jira sannan kuma bincika sabbin ɗaukakawa. Danna maɓallin 'Shigar Sabuntawa' don haɓaka fakitin da aka zaɓa, za a sa ka shigar da kalmar wucewa, samar da shi don ci gaba.

A madadin, buɗe taga tasha kuma kawai gudanar da umarni masu zuwa.

$ sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

Lura cewa Ubuntu zai ci gaba da sanar da ku don sabuntawar tsaro da abubuwan da ba na tsaro ba a kowace rana da mako-mako. Hakanan zaka iya saita tsarin ku don shigar da sabuntawa ta atomatik, ƙarƙashin Manajan Sabuntawa.

Livepatch (ko Canonical Livepatch Service) yana bawa masu amfani da Ubuntu damar yin amfani da facin kernel masu mahimmanci ba tare da sake kunnawa ba. Wannan kuma yana taimakawa wajen kiyaye tsarin ku ta hanyar amfani da sabuntawar tsaro ba tare da sake kunna tsarin ba. Yana da kyauta don amfani na sirri tare da har zuwa injuna 3. Don kunna shi, duk abin da kuke buƙata shine asusun Ubuntu One.

Je zuwa Ayyuka, bincika Livepatch kuma buɗe shi, ko kawai buɗe Software & Sabuntawa kuma danna shafin Livepatch. Idan kuna da asusun Ubuntu One, shiga kawai, in ba haka ba ƙirƙirar ɗaya.

Canonical yana amfani da rahotannin matsalolin fasaha don taimakawa inganta Ubuntu. Kuna iya zaɓar aika rahotannin kuskure ga masu haɓaka Ubuntu ko a'a. Don gyara saitunan, danna Ayyuka, bincika kuma buɗe Settings, sannan zuwa Privacy, sannan Diagnostics.

Ta hanyar tsoho, ana saita rahoton kuskure don a yi da hannu. Hakanan zaka iya zaɓar Karɓa (ba za a aika kwata-kwata) ko ta atomatik (don tsarin ya ci gaba da aika rahotannin kuskure ta atomatik duk lokacin da suka faru).

Don cikakken fahimtar yadda ake amfani da bayanin da kuke rabawa, danna kan Ƙara koyo.

Idan kuna da asusun Snap Store, za ku iya samun damar yin amfani da hotuna masu zaman kansu, daga masu haɓaka app. A madadin, yi amfani da asusun ku na Ubuntu One don shiga. Amma ba kwa buƙatar asusu don shigar da hotunan jama'a.

Don shiga cikin Snap Store, buɗe Software na Ubuntu, danna zaɓin menu, sannan danna Shiga.

Na gaba, shiga cikin asusunku na kan layi don ba ku damar haɗa bayanan ku a cikin gajimare. Je zuwa Ayyukan Ayyuka, bincika kuma buɗe Settings, sannan danna kan Accounts na kan layi.

Ta hanyar tsoho, Ubuntu yana jigilar kaya tare da aikace-aikacen Wasiƙar Thunderbird, wanda ke ba da fasalolin yankan kamar gudu, sirri, da sabbin fasahohi.

Don buɗe shi, danna gunkin Thunderbird kuma saita asusun imel ɗin da ke akwai ko yi tsarin aiki da hannu kamar yadda aka haskaka a hoton da ke biyowa.

Hanyar farko ta hawan Intanet ita ce ta amfani da mashigar bincike. Mozilla Firefox (mai sauƙi mai sauƙi da mai amfani da kayan aiki) shine tsoho mai binciken gidan yanar gizo a cikin Ubuntu. Koyaya, Ubuntu yana goyan bayan wasu masu bincike da yawa ciki har da Chromium, Chrome, Opera, Konqueror, da ƙari masu yawa.

Don shigar da burauzar da kuka fi so, je zuwa gidan yanar gizon aikin bincike na hukuma, kuma zazzage fakitin .deb kuma shigar da shi.

VLC mai sauƙi ne amma mai ƙarfi kuma mai amfani da multimedia player da tsarin da ke taka mafi yawan idan ba duk fayilolin multimedia ba. Yana kuma kunna DVDs, Audio CDs, VCDs da kuma ka'idojin yawo da yawa.

An rarraba shi azaman kayan aiki don Ubuntu da sauran rabawa na Linux. Don shigar da shi, buɗe taga tasha kuma gudanar da umarni mai zuwa.

$ sudo snap install vlc

Masu kula da Ubuntu suna son haɗawa da software kyauta da buɗaɗɗen tushe kawai, rufaffiyar tushen fakiti irin su codecs na kafofin watsa labarai don gama gari na fayilolin sauti da bidiyo kamar MP3, AVI, MPEG4, da sauransu, ba a samar da su ta tsohuwa a cikin daidaitaccen shigarwa.

Don shigar da su, kuna buƙatar shigar da ubuntu-restricted-extras meta-package ta gudanar da umarni mai zuwa.

$ sudo apt install ubuntu-restricted-extras

GNOME Tweaks shine sauƙin hoto mai sauƙi don saitunan GNOME 3 na ci gaba. Yana ba ku damar tsara tebur ɗinku cikin sauƙi. Kodayake an tsara shi don GNOME Shell, kuna iya amfani da shi a wasu kwamfutoci.

$ sudo apt install gnome-tweaks

Hanya mafi sauƙi don ƙara ayyuka zuwa GNOME ita ce ta amfani da kari waɗanda ke samuwa akan gidan yanar gizon GNOME. A can za ku sami ɗimbin kari da za ku iya zaɓar daga ciki. Don yin shigar da kari mai sauƙi da gaske, kawai shigar da haɗin GNOME harsashi azaman haɓakar burauza da mai haɗin mai masaukin gida.

Misali, don shigar da mai haɗin GNOME don Chrome ko Firefox, gudanar da waɗannan umarni.

$ sudo apt install chrome-gnome-shell
OR
$ sudo apt install firefox-gnome-shell

Bayan shigar da tsawo na burauzar, kawai buɗe burauzar ku don kunna ko kashe kari kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke biyo baya.

Ubuntu yana jigilar tar, zip da kuma buɗe kayan aikin adana kayan tarihi ta tsohuwa. Don tallafawa fayilolin ajiya daban-daban waɗanda zaku iya amfani da su akan Ubuntu, kuna buƙatar shigar da wasu ƙarin kayan aikin adana bayanai kamar rar, unrar, p7zip-full, da p7zip-rar kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ sudo apt install rar unrar p7zip-full p7zip-rar

A cikin kowane tsarin aiki na tebur, da zarar ka danna fayil sau biyu a cikin mai sarrafa fayil, za a buɗe shi tare da aikace-aikacen tsoho na nau'in fayil ɗin. Don saita tsoffin aikace-aikacen don buɗe nau'in fayil a cikin Ubuntu 20.04, je zuwa Settings, sannan danna Default Applications, sannan zaɓi su daga menu na ƙasa don kowane rukuni.

Yin amfani da gajerun hanyoyi na madannai na iya ƙara haɓaka aikin ku kuma ya cece ku lokaci mai yawa lokacin amfani da kwamfuta. Don saita gajerun hanyoyin madannai, ƙarƙashin Saituna, kawai danna Gajerun hanyoyin Allon madannai.

Yanayin Hasken Dare GNOME yanayin nuni ne na kariya wanda ke taimakawa don kare idanunku daga damuwa da rashin bacci, ta hanyar sanya launin allo ya zama dumi. Don kunna shi, je zuwa Saituna, sannan Nuni kuma danna shafin Hasken dare. Kuna iya tsara lokacin amfani da shi, lokaci, da zafin launi.

Ma'ajiyar Canonical Partner tana ba da wasu aikace-aikacen mallakar mallaka kamar Adobe Flash Plugin, waɗanda suke rufaffiyar tushe amma ba sa kashe kuɗi don amfani. Don kunna shi, buɗe Software & Updates, da zarar ya buɗe, danna sauran shafin Software.

Sannan duba zaɓi na farko kamar yadda aka yi alama a cikin hoton da ke biyowa. Za a sa ka shigar da kalmar sirri don tantancewa, shigar da shi don ci gaba.

Idan kuna da niyyar gudanar da aikace-aikacen Windows a cikin Ubuntu 20.04, to kuna buƙatar shigar da Wine - shine aiwatar da tushen tushen Windows API a saman X da POSIX tsarin aiki masu dacewa, kamar Linux, BSD, da macOS. Yana ba ku damar haɗawa da gudanar da aikace-aikacen Windows cikin tsafta, akan kwamfutocin Linux ta hanyar fassara kiran Windows API zuwa kiran POSIX akan-tashi.

Don shigar da Wine, gudanar da wannan umarni.

$ sudo apt install wine winetricks

Idan kai ɗan wasa ne, to, kuna buƙatar shigar da abokin ciniki na Steam don Linux. Steam shine jagorar sabis ɗin rarraba wasan bidiyo wanda ke ba ku damar yin wasa da tattauna wasanni. Masu haɓaka wasan da masu bugawa kuma za su iya ƙirƙira da rarraba wasanninsu akan Steam.

Gudun umarni mai zuwa don shigar da abokin ciniki na tururi akan tebur na Ubuntu 20.04.

$ sudo apt install steam

Ga 'yan wasa, ban da shigar da tururi (kamar yadda aka nuna a sama), kuna buƙatar shigar da ƙarin direbobi masu hoto don haɓaka ƙwarewar wasanku akan Ubuntu. Ko da yake Ubuntu yana ba da direbobi masu zane-zane na buɗaɗɗen tushe, direbobi masu zane-zane na mallaka suna yin oda mafi girma fiye da buɗaɗɗen zanen zane.

Ba kamar a cikin nau'ikan Ubuntu na farko ba, a cikin Ubuntu 20.04, yana da sauƙin shigar da direbobi masu hoto na mallakar mallaka ba tare da buƙatar kunna wuraren ajiya na ɓangare na uku ko zazzagewar yanar gizo ba. Kawai je zuwa Software & Updates, sannan danna Ƙarin Drivers.

Na farko, tsarin zai nemo direbobin da ke akwai, lokacin da binciken ya cika, akwatin lissafin zai jera kowace na'urar da za a iya shigar da direbobi masu mallakar su. Bayan yin zaɓin ku, danna Aiwatar Canje-canje.

Don ƙara aikace-aikacen da kuka fi so zuwa Ubuntu Dock (wanda ke gefen hagu na tebur ɗinku ta tsohuwa), danna kan Bayanin Ayyuka, bincika aikace-aikacen da kuke so misali tasha, sannan danna-dama akansa kuma zaɓi Ƙara zuwa Favorites. .

Idan kuna amfani da kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka, to kuna iya shigar da Kayan aikin Laptop, kayan aiki mai sauƙi kuma mai daidaitawa don ceton wutar lantarki na tsarin Linux. Yana taimakawa don tsawaita rayuwar baturin kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka ta hanyoyi da yawa. Hakanan yana ba ku damar tweak wasu saitunan da ke da alaƙa ta amfani da fayil ɗin daidaitawa.

$ sudo apt install laptop-mode-tools

A ƙarshe amma ba kalla ba, ci gaba da shigar da ƙarin software waɗanda kuke son amfani da su. Kuna iya yin wannan daga Software na Ubuntu (ko shigar da aikace-aikacen daga ma'ajiyar ɓangare na uku).

Kawai buɗe Software na Ubuntu kuma yi amfani da fasalin bincike don nemo software ɗin da kuke so. Misali, don shigar da kwamanda na tsakar dare, danna gunkin bincike, rubuta sunansa, sannan danna shi.

Timeshift kayan aiki ne mai fa'ida wanda ke haifar da ƙarin ɗaukar hoto na tsarin fayil a tazara na yau da kullun. Ana iya amfani da waɗannan hotunan hotunan don mayar da tsarin ku zuwa yanayin aiki na farko idan bala'i ya faru

$ sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:teejee2008/ppa
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install timeshift

JAVA shine yaren programming da yafi shahara kuma yawancin application da websites ba zasuyi aiki yadda ya kamata ba sai idan kayi installing dinsu akan system dinka.

$ sudo apt-get install openjdk-11-jdk

Rarraba Ubuntu ba wai kawai yana iyakance ga Gnome ba, amma kuma ana iya amfani dashi tare da mahallin tebur daban-daban kamar kirfa, mate, KDE da sauransu.

Don shigar da kirfa zaka iya amfani da umarni mai zuwa.

$ sudo apt-get install cinnamon-desktop-environment

Don shigar da MATE, yi amfani da umarni mai zuwa.

$ sudo apt-get install ubuntu-mate-desktop

Shi ke nan! Idan kuna da ƙarin ra'ayoyi game da abubuwan da za ku yi bayan shigar da Ubuntu 20.04, da fatan za a raba shi tare da mu ta hanyar bayanin da ke ƙasa.