Kafa NTP (Network Time Protocol) Server a cikin RHEL/CentOS 7


Protocol Time Protocol – NTP- yarjejeniya ce wacce ke gudana akan tashar jiragen ruwa 123 UDP a Transport Layer kuma tana ba kwamfutoci damar daidaita lokaci akan cibiyoyin sadarwa na daidai lokacin. Yayin da lokaci ke wucewa, agogon ciki na kwamfutoci kan yi tafiya wanda zai iya haifar da matsalolin lokaci marasa daidaituwa, musamman akan sabobin da fayilolin rajistar abokan ciniki ko kuma idan kuna son kwafin albarkatun sabar ko bayanan bayanai.

  1. Tsarin Shigar CentOS 7
  2. Tsarin Shigar RHEL 7

  1. Yi rijista kuma Enbale RHEL 7 Biyan kuɗi don Sabuntawa
  2. Shigar da adireshin IP na tsaye akan CentOS/Rhel 7
  3. A kashe kuma Cire Ayyukan da ba'a so a CentOS/RHEL 7

Wannan koyawa za ta nuna yadda zaku iya shigarwa da daidaita sabar NTP akan CentOS/RHEL 7 kuma ku daidaita lokaci ta atomatik tare da takwarorinsu na kusa da ke akwai don wurin sabar ku ta amfani da jerin sabar Time Pool Public NTP.

Mataki 1: Shigar kuma saita NTP daemon

1. An samar da kunshin uwar garken NTP ta tsohuwa daga ma'ajiyar CentOS/RHEL 7 kuma ana iya shigar da ita ta hanyar ba da umarni mai zuwa.

# yum install ntp

2. Bayan an shigar da uwar garken, da farko je zuwa ga NTP Public Pool Servers, zaɓi yankin Continent inda uwar garken take a zahiri, sannan a nemi wurin Ƙasar ku kuma. jerin sabobin NTP yakamata ya bayyana.

3. Daga nan sai ka bude NTP daemon mainconfig file domin yin editing, kayi comment da default list na Public Servers daga aikin pool.ntp.org sai ka musanya shi da lissafin da aka tanadar wa kasarka kamar a hoton da ke kasa.

4. Bugu da ƙari, kana buƙatar ƙyale abokan ciniki daga cibiyoyin sadarwar ku suyi aiki tare da lokaci tare da wannan uwar garke. Don cim ma wannan, ƙara layin da ke gaba zuwa fayil ɗin sanyi na NTP, inda Ƙuntata sanarwa ke sarrafa, menene hanyar sadarwa da aka ba da izinin yin tambaya da lokacin daidaitawa – maye gurbin IPs na cibiyar sadarwa daidai.

restrict 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 nomodify notrap

Maganganun nomodify notrap suna nuna cewa ba a yarda abokan cinikin ku su daidaita sabar ko a yi amfani da su azaman takwarorinsu don daidaitawa lokaci ba.

5. Idan kuna buƙatar ƙarin bayani don gyara matsala idan akwai matsaloli tare da NTP daemon ku ƙara bayanin fayil ɗin log wanda zai rubuta duk batutuwan uwar garken NTP cikin fayil ɗin log ɗin sadaukar guda ɗaya.

logfile /var/log/ntp.log

6. Bayan kun gyara fayil ɗin tare da duk tsarin da aka bayyana a sama sai ku ajiye kuma rufe ntp.conf fayil. Tsarin ku na ƙarshe yakamata yayi kama da hoton hoton da ke ƙasa.

Mataki 2: Ƙara Dokokin Firewall kuma Fara NTP Daemon

7. Sabis na NTP yana amfani da tashar UDP 123 akan layin sufuri na OSI (Layer 4). An tsara shi musamman don tsayayya da tasirin latency mai canzawa (jitter). Don buɗe wannan tashar jiragen ruwa akan RHEL/CentOS 7 gudanar da waɗannan umarni akan sabis na Firewalld.

# firewall-cmd --add-service=ntp --permanent
# firewall-cmd --reload

8. Bayan ka bude Firewall port 123, sai ka fara NTP server kuma ka tabbata ka kunna shi cikin tsarin. Yi amfani da waɗannan umarni don sarrafa sabis ɗin.

# systemctl start ntpd
# systemctl enable ntpd
# systemctl status ntpd

Mataki na 3: Tabbatar da Aiki tare Lokacin Sabar

9. Bayan an fara NTP daemon, jira 'yan mintoci kaɗan don uwar garken don daidaita lokaci tare da sabar jerin abubuwan ruwa, sannan gudanar da umarni masu zuwa don tabbatar da matsayi na daidaitawar abokan aikin NTP da lokacin tsarin ku.

# ntpq -p
# date -R

10. Idan kuna son yin tambaya da daidaitawa tare da tafkin da kuka zaɓa yi amfani da umarnin ntpdate, sannan kuma adreshin sabar ko uwar garken, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin misalin layin umarni.

# ntpdate -q  0.ro.pool.ntp.org  1.ro.pool.ntp.org

Mataki 4: Saita Windows NTP Client

11. Idan na'urar windows ɗinku ba ta cikin Domain Controller za ku iya saita Windows don daidaita lokaci tare da sabar NTP ta hanyar zuwa Time daga gefen dama na Taskbar -> Canja kwanan wata da Saitunan lokaci -> Lokacin Intanet tab -> Canja Saituna -> Duba Aiki tare da uwar garken lokacin Intanet -> saka < b>IP ko FQDN na sabar akan Server an shigar da shi -> Sabunta yanzu -> OK.

Shi ke nan! Saita uwar garken NTP na gida akan hanyar sadarwar ku yana tabbatar da cewa duk sabar ku da abokan cinikin ku suna da saita lokaci guda idan akwai gazawar haɗin Intanet kuma duk suna aiki tare da juna.