Gentoo Linux Mataki na Jagoran Shigar Mataki tare da Hoton hotuna - Kashi na 1


Haka yake da Arch Linux, Gentoo shine ginanniyar rarraba meta-rabowa daga tushe, dangane da Linux Kernel, yana ɗaukar ƙirar sakin juyi iri ɗaya, wanda ke nufin saurin sauri da kuma cikakkiyar daidaitawa don gine-ginen kayan masarufi daban-daban waɗanda ke tattara tushen software a cikin gida don mafi kyawun aiki ta amfani da ci gaba. sarrafa kunshin – Portage.

Saboda mai amfani na ƙarshe zai iya zaɓar waɗanne abubuwan da za a shigar, shigarwa na Gentoo Linux tsari ne mai wahala ga masu amfani da ba su da masaniya, amma wannan koyawa tana amfani da sauƙaƙa yanayin da aka riga aka gina ta hanyar LiveDVD da mataki. 3 kwalta tare da ƙaramin tsarin software da ake buƙata don kammala shigarwa.

Wannan koyaswar tana nuna muku mataki-mataki Gentoo shigarwa sauƙaƙan tsarin taya guda ɗaya, ya kasu kashi biyu, ta amfani da hoton 64-bit tare da wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na ƙarshe na Stage 3, ta amfani da tsarin ɓangarori na GPT da Kernel na musamman. Hoton da masu haɓakawa na Gentoo suka bayar, don haka ɗaure kanku da yalwar haƙuri saboda shigar da Gentoo na iya ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo.

Mataki 1: Zazzage Hoton DVD na Gentoo kuma Shirya Saitunan Yanar Gizo

1. Kafin a ci gaba da shigarwa je zuwa shafin Zazzagewar Gentoo kuma ɗauki hoton LiveDVD da aka saki na ƙarshe.

2. Bayan ka ƙone hoton ISO sai ka sanya DVD ɗin a cikin tsarin DVD ɗinka, reboot kwamfutarka, zaɓi DVD ɗin da za'a iya ɗauka sannan Gentoo prompt LiveDVD ya bayyana akan allonka. Zaɓi zaɓi na farko (Gentoo x86_64) wanda zai kunna tsohuwar Gentoo Kernel sannan danna maɓallin Enter don ci gaba.

3. Bayan an ɗora abun ciki na DVD na Gentoo za a sa ku tare da babban allon shiga na Gentoo wanda ke ba da takaddun shaida don zaman rayuwa. Danna Enter don shiga sannan jeka maɓallin farawa na KDE sannan ka buɗe taga Terminal.

4. Yanzu lokaci ya yi da za a bincika saitunan cibiyar sadarwar ku da haɗin Intanet ta amfani da ifconfig umarni da ping a kan wani yanki. Idan kana bayan uwar garken DHCP, ya kamata a saita katin sadarwarka ta atomatik don ku kuma amfani da net-setup ko pppoe-setup da pppoe-start > umarni ko dhcpcd eth0 (maye gurbin shi da kebul ɗin NIC ɗin ku) idan NIC ɗin ku na da matsala tare da gano saitunan DHCP ta atomatik.

Don saitin cibiyar sadarwa a tsaye yi amfani da umarni masu zuwa amma maye gurbin IPs bisa ga saitunan cibiyar sadarwar ku.

$ sudo su -
# ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.100 broadcast 192.168.1.255 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
# route add default gw 192.168.1.1
# nano /etc/resolv.conf

nameserver 192.168.1.1
nameserver 8.8.8.8

Mataki 2: Ƙirƙiri Rarraba Disk da Tsarin Fayil

5. Bayan an kafa haɗin haɗin yanar gizon ku kuma tabbatar da lokaci ya yi da za ku shirya Hard Disk. Za a yi amfani da shimfidar ɓangarori na GPT mai zuwa, amma kuma ana iya amfani da tsarin ɓangarori iri ɗaya akan faifai MBR BIOS ta amfani da fdisk utility.

/dev/sda1 - 20M size – unformatted = BIOS boot partition
/dev/sda2 – 500M size – ext2 filesystem = Boot partition
/dev/sda3 - 1000M size – Swap = Swap partition
/dev/sda4 - rest of space – ext4 filesystem = Root Partition

Don ƙirƙirar ɓangaren faifai tsarin canzawa zuwa tushen asusun kuma gudanar da Rarrabe mai amfani tare da daidaitawa mafi kyau.

$ sudo su -
# parted -a optimal /dev/sda

6. Bayan shigar da raba CLI interface saitin GPT label akan hard disk ɗin ku.

# mklabel gpt

7. Yi amfani da buga don nuna halin da ake ciki na faifan diski kuma cire kowane bangare (idan harka) ta amfani da lambar rm partition number. Sannan kawowa ya rabu da MB ko mib girman naúrar, ƙirƙiri partition na farko da mkpart primary, ba da suna kuma saita tutar boot akan wannan. bangare.

(parted) unit MB
(parted) mkpart primary 1 20
(parted) name 1 grub
(parted) set 1 bios_grub on
(parted) print

Hanyar da Parted ke hulɗa da girman ɓangaren shine a gaya masa ya fara daga 1MB + girman darajar da ake so (a wannan yanayin fara 1 MB kuma ya ƙare akan 20 MB wanda ke haifar da girman ɓangaren 19 MB) .

8. Sa'an nan kuma ƙirƙirar duk partitions ta amfani da wannan hanya kamar yadda a sama.

(parted) mkpart primary 21 500
(parted) name 2 boot
(parted) mkpart primary 501 1501
(parted) name 3 swap
(parted) mkpart primary 1502 -1
(parted) name 4 root

Kamar yadda kuke gani Root partition yana amfani da -1 a matsayin matsakaicin darajar wanda ke nufin yana amfani da duk sauran sararin -1 MB a ƙarshen diski. sarari. Bayan kun gama da faifan faifai yi amfani da buga don ganin shimfidar rarrabuwar ku ta ƙarshe (zai yi kama da hoton da ke ƙasa) kuma bari rabu.

9. Yanzu lokaci ya yi da za a tsara sassan ta amfani da takamaiman tsarin fayil na Linux, kunna fayil ɗin Swap da Dutsen Tushen da Boot partitions zuwa /mnt/gentoo hanya.

# mkfs.ext2 /dev/sda2
# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda4
# mkswap /dev/sda3
# swapon /dev/sda3

Mataki na 3: Zazzagewa kuma cire Gentoo Stage 3 Tarball

10. Kafin zazzage Gentoo Stage 3 Tarball duba tsarin tsarin lokaci da kwanan wata ta yin amfani da umarnin kwanan wata kuma, idan akwai ɓata lokaci mai yawa, yi amfani da wannan haɗin gwiwa don daidaita lokaci.

# date MMDDhhmmYYYY   ##(Month, Day, hour, minute and Year)

11. Yanzu ya yi da za a sauke Gentoo Stage 3 Tarball. Ci gaba zuwa hanyar /mnt/gentoo kuma yi amfani da umarnin links don kewaya zuwa lissafin Gentoo Mirror kuma zaɓi Ƙasa mafi kusa da madubai -> saki -> amd64 (ko tsarin tsarin ku) -> na yanzu-iso -> stage3-cpu-architekure-release-date.tar.bz2 .

# cd /mnt/gentoo
# links http://www.gentoo.org/main/en/mirrors.xml

Bayan zaɓar maɓallin Tarball danna [Enter], zaɓi Ok, jira lokacin zazzagewar ya ƙare kuma bar hanyoyin.

12. A mataki na gaba, cire Mataki na 3 Tarball ta amfani da umarni mai zuwa.

# tar xvjpf stage3-amb64-20140522.tar.bz2

Yanzu kuna da ƙaramin yanayin Gentoo da aka shigar akan kwamfutarka amma tsarin shigarwa bai ƙare ba. Don ci gaba da tsarin shigarwa bi Shigar Gentoo Linux - Koyawa ta 2.