Yadda ake haɓakawa zuwa Linux Mint 20 Ulyana

Linux Mint 19.3 yana karɓar tallafi har zuwa Afrilu 2023, amma kuna iya haɓaka zuwa sabon sigar Mint - Linux Mint 20 - don jin daɗin haɓakawa da yawa da fasali masu kyau.

A cikin wannan jagorar, zaku koyi yadda ake haɓaka Linux Mint 19.3, mai suna Tricia, zuwa Linux Mint 20 wanda ya dogara akan Ubuntu 20.04.

NOTE: Wannan jagorar tana aiki ne kawai ga tsarin 64-bit.

A wannan shafi

Duba Gine-ginen Mint na Linux
Haɓaka duk Fakiti akan Linux Mint
Ajiye Fayilolin Mint na Linux
Sanya Mintupgrade Utility a cikin Linux Mint
Duba Haɓaka Mint na Linux
Zazzage Haɓaka Mint na Linux
Haɓaka zuwa Linux Mint 20

Idan kuna gudanar da misalin 32-bit na Linux Mint 19.3, to ana ba da shawarar sabon shigarwa na Linux Mint 20, in ba haka ba, wannan hanyar ba zata yi aiki ba.

Don tabbatar da gine-ginen tsarin ku, gudanar da umarni:

$ dpkg --print-architecture

Idan kana gudanar da tsarin 64-bit abin fitarwa ya kamata ya baka amd64 kamar yadda aka nuna.

Koyaya, idan kun sami i386 azaman fitarwa, to kuna gudanar da nau'in 32-bit akan Linux Mint 19.3 kuma ba za ku iya haɓakawa zuwa Linux Mint 20 ba. Ya kamata ku manne da Linux 19.3 ko kuyi sabo. Shigar da Linux Mint 20.

Don farawa, yi amfani da duk sabuntawar fakiti ta hanyar aiwatar da umarni:

$ sudo apt update -y && sudo apt upgrade -y

A madadin, zaku iya amfani da Manajan Sabuntawa don amfani da duk tsarin & sabunta fakitin. Kawai kewaya zuwa Menu> Gudanarwa sannan zaɓi 'Update Manager'.

A kan Tagar Mai sarrafa Sabuntawa, danna maɓallin 'Shigar Sabuntawa' don haɓaka fakitin zuwa sabbin nau'ikan su.

Samar da kalmar wucewa ta ku kuma danna ENTER ko danna maɓallin 'Gaskiya' don tantancewa kuma ci gaba da haɓakawa.

Idan ya ɗauki ɗan lokaci tun lokacin da kuka haɓaka fakitinku na ƙarshe, wannan na iya ɗaukar ɗan lokaci kaɗan kafin a kammala kuma wasu haƙuri za su yi.

Ba za mu iya jaddada isasshiyar mahimmancin ɗaukar kwafin duk fayilolinku ba. Ajiyayyen zai cece ku ɓacin rai na rasa mahimman fayilolinku a yayin da wani abu ya ɓace yayin haɓaka tsarin.

Bugu da ƙari, zaku iya ƙirƙirar hoton fayilolin tsarinku da saitunanku ta amfani da kayan aikin Timeshift. Wannan zai yi kwafin duk fayilolin tsarin ku kuma ya taimake ku don dawo da tsarin ku ta amfani da sabon hoton hoto idan wani abu ya ɓace.

A shawarce ku cewa wannan baya adana bayanan mai amfani da ku kamar fina-finai, hotuna, fayilolin mai jiwuwa, da sauransu. Wannan, saboda haka, yana sanar da buƙatar samun ajiyar fayilolin keɓaɓɓen ku.

Mataki na gaba zai buƙaci ka shigar da kayan aikin mintupgrade. Wannan kayan aikin layin umarni ne wanda Linux Mint ke bayarwa kawai don haɓakawa daga sakin Mint zuwa wani.

Don haka, gudanar da umarni mai zuwa:

$ sudo apt install mintupgrade

Tare da shigar mintupgrade, zaku iya kwatankwacin haɓakawa zuwa Linux Mint 20 Ulyana ta hanyar aiwatar da umarni:

$ sudo mintupgrade check

Tun da siminti ne, umarnin ba zai haɓaka tsarin ku ba, amma zai nuna tsarin ku na ɗan lokaci zuwa wuraren ajiyar Mint 20 na Linux sannan kuma ya dawo da ma'ajin ku zuwa Linux Mint 19.3. Ainihin busasshen gudu ne wanda ke ba ku hangen nesa kan abin da zai faru yayin haɓakawa gami da fakitin da za a haɓaka da shigar da su ko cirewa.

Bayan an gama simulation, fara zazzage fakitin da ake buƙata don haɓakawa ta amfani da umarnin mintupgrade da aka nuna:

$ sudo mintupgrade download

Ka tuna cewa wannan umarni yana saukewa kawai fakitin da ake nufi don haɓaka tsarin ku kuma baya yin haɓakawa da kanta. Da zarar an yi, ya kamata ku sami sanarwar cewa 'Umurnin 'zazzagewa' ya kammala cikin nasara'.

A ƙarshe don haɓakawa zuwa Linux Mint 20, aiwatar da:

$ sudo mintupgrade upgrade

Kafin ka ci gaba, lura da kyau cewa wannan tsari ba zai iya jurewa ba kuma bai kamata a katse shi ba. Hanya daya tilo don komawa ita ce dawo da tsarin ku ta amfani da hoton da kuka kirkira a baya.

Haɓakawa yana da girma sosai kuma mai ƙarfi kuma zai ɗauki kusan awanni 2-3. Hakanan, yayin aikin haɓakawa, za'a buƙaci ku sake tabbatarwa sau biyu kuma kuyi hulɗa tare da kowane tsokaci akan tashar. Misali, za a buƙaci ka zaɓi tsakanin sake kunna sabis yayin haɓakawa ko a'a kamar yadda aka nuna.

Idan kuna da manajojin nunin yawa, zaku gamu da wannan tambayar. Kawai danna ENTER don ci gaba.

Sannan zaɓi mai sarrafa nuni da kuka fi so. A cikin yanayina, na zaɓi 'Lightdm'.

Dukkanin haɓakawa ya ɗauki kimanin awanni 3 don shari'ata. Yana iya ɗaukar tsayi ko gajarta don shari'ar ku, amma abu ɗaya tabbatacce ne - yana ɗaukar lokaci sosai.

Bayan haɓakawa, zaku iya tabbatar da sigar tsarin ku ta hanyar aiwatar da umarni:

$ cat /etc/os-release

Bugu da ƙari, zaku iya amfani da mai amfani da layin umarni Neofetch don nuna bayanan tsarin kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ neofetch

NOTE: Haɓakawa za ta sake rubuta tsoffin fayilolin sanyi a cikin kundin adireshin /da sauransu. Don mayar da fayilolin, yi amfani da hoton da kuka ƙirƙira a baya kafin haɓakawa.

Idan kuna son kada ku yi amfani da kayan aikin Timeshift, kuna iya ba da umarni ga haɓakawa don yin watsi da shi ta hanyar aiwatar da umarnin.

$ sudo touch /etc/timeshift.json

Bugu da ƙari, haɓakawa yana ɗaukar ɗan lokaci. Idan kuna shagaltuwa a wani wuri, yana da kyau ku ci gaba da duba tashar ku a kowane lokaci don kowane tsokaci da zai buƙaci sa hannun ku.