Nmon: Bincika da Kula da Ayyukan Tsarin Linux


Idan kuna neman mai sauƙin amfani da kayan aikin saka idanu akan Linux, Ina ba da shawarar sosai don shigarwa da amfani da mai amfani da layin umarni na Nmon.

Nmon shine madaidaicin mai gudanarwa na tsarin, kayan aikin benchmark wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don nuna bayanan aiki game da abubuwan masu zuwa:

  1. cpu
  2. memori
  3. cibiyar sadarwa
  4. faifai
  5. tsarin fayiloli
  6. nfs
  7. manyan matakai
  8. albarka
  9. Ƙaƙƙarfan ɓarna mai ƙarfi

Wani abu mai kyau da nake so game da wannan kayan aiki shine gaskiyar cewa yana da cikakkiyar ma'amala kuma yana taimakawa mai amfani da Linux ko mai sarrafa tsarin tare da umarnin da ya dace don samun mafi kyawun sa.

Shigar da Kayan aikin Kulawa na Nmon a cikin Linux

Idan kuna amfani da rarrabawar Linux na Debian/Ubuntu zaka iya shigar da kayan aikin Nmon cikin sauƙi ta hanyar ɗaukar shi daga tsoffin ma'ajin.

Don shigarwa, Buɗe sabon tasha (CTRL+ALT+T) kuma yi amfani da umarni mai zuwa.

$ sudo apt-get install nmon

Shin kai mai amfani da Fedora ne? Don shigar a cikin injin ku buɗe sabon tasha kuma gudanar da umarni mai zuwa.

# yum install nmon

Masu amfani da CentOS/RHEL za su iya shigar da shi, ta hanyar shigar da ma'ajiyar EPEL kamar yadda aka nuna:

# yum install epel-release
# yum install nmon

Yadda ake amfani da Nmon don Kula da Ayyukan Linux

Da zarar an gama shigarwa na Nmon kuma kun kaddamar da shi daga tashar ta hanyar buga umarnin 'nmon' za a gabatar muku da fitarwa mai zuwa.

# nmon

Kamar yadda kuke iya gani daga hoton hoton da ke sama, mai amfani da layin umarni nmon yana aiki gabaɗaya a cikin yanayin ma'amala kuma yana gabatar da mai amfani da maɓallan don kunna ƙididdiga.

Misali, idan kuna son tattara wasu ƙididdiga akan aikin CPU yakamata ku buga maɓallin 'c' akan maballin tsarin da kuke amfani da shi. Bayan buga maɓallin 'c' akan madannai na na sami fitarwa mai kyau wanda ke ba ni bayani game da amfani da CPU na.

Wadannan su ne maɓallan da za ku iya amfani da su tare da  masu amfani don samun bayanai kan sauran albarkatun tsarin da ke cikin injin ku.

  1. m = Ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya
  2. j = Tsarin Fayil
  3. d = Disks
  4. n = Network
  5. V = Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwa
  6. r = Albarkatu
  7. N = NFS
  8. k = kwaya
  9. t = Manyan ayyuka
  10. . = faifai masu aiki kawai/procs

Don samun ƙididdiga akan manyan matakai waɗanda ke gudana akan tsarin Linux ɗinku danna maɓallin 't' akan maballin ku kuma jira bayanin ya bayyana.

Waɗanda suka saba da babban mai amfani za su fahimta kuma su iya fassara bayanin da ke sama cikin sauƙi. Idan kun kasance sababbi ga tsarin gudanarwa na Linux kuma baku taɓa amfani da babban kayan aiki ba a baya, gudanar da umarni mai zuwa a cikin tashar ku kuma kuyi ƙoƙarin kwatanta abin da aka samar tare da na sama. Shin kamanni suke, ko fitarwa iri ɗaya ce?

# top

Yana kama da ina gudanar da babban aikin sa ido lokacin da na yi amfani da maɓallin 't' tare da kayan aikin Nmon a gare ni.

Yaya game da wasu ƙididdiga na cibiyar sadarwa? Kawai danna 'n' akan madannai.

Yi amfani da maɓallin 'd' don samun bayanai akan faifai.

Maɓalli mai mahimmanci don amfani da wannan kayan aikin shine 'k', ana amfani dashi don nuna wasu taƙaitaccen bayani akan kernel na tsarin ku.

Maɓalli mai fa'ida a gare ni shine maɓallin 'r' wanda ake amfani da shi don ba da bayanai kan albarkatu daban-daban kamar na'urar gine-gine, sigar tsarin aiki, sigar Linux da CPU. Kuna iya samun ra'ayi game da mahimmancin maɓallin 'r' ta hanyar kallon hoton hoton da ke gaba.

Don samun ƙididdiga akan tsarin fayil danna 'j' akan madannai.

Kamar yadda kake gani daga hoton hoton da ke sama, muna samun bayanai kan girman tsarin fayil, sarari da aka yi amfani da shi, sarari kyauta, nau'in tsarin fayil da wurin hawan dutse.

Maɓallin 'N' na iya taimakawa wajen tattarawa da nuna bayanai akan NFS.

Ya zuwa yanzu yana da sauƙin aiki tare da kayan aikin Nmon. Akwai wasu abubuwa da yawa da kuke buƙatar sani game da mai amfani kuma ɗayansu shine gaskiyar cewa zaku iya amfani da shi a yanayin kama bayanai. Idan ba ka son bayanan da za a nuna akan allon zaka iya ɗaukar ƙaramin fayil ɗin samfurin cikin sauƙi tare da umarni mai zuwa.

# nmon -f -s13 -c 30

Bayan gudanar da umarnin da ke sama za ku sami fayil tare da tsawo '.nmon' a cikin kundin adireshi inda kuka kasance yayin aiki tare da kayan aiki. Menene zaɓin '-f'? Mai zuwa bayani ne mai sauƙi kuma gajere na zaɓuɓɓukan da aka yi amfani da su a cikin umarnin da ke sama.

  1. The -f yana nufin kuna son adana bayanan zuwa fayil kuma ba a nuna su akan allo ba.
  2. The -s13 yana nufin kuna son ɗaukar bayanai kowane sakan 13.
  3. The -c 30 yana nufin kuna son maki talatin ko ɗaukar hotuna.

Kammalawa

Akwai kayan aikin da yawa waɗanda zasu iya yin aikin Nmon mai amfani, amma babu ɗayansu mai sauƙin amfani da abokantaka ga mai farawa Linux. Abin baƙin ciki shine kayan aikin ba shi da fasali da yawa kamar sauran kayan aikin kamar tattarawa kuma ba zai iya samar da ƙididdiga mai zurfi ga mai amfani ba.

A ƙarshe zan iya cewa yana da kyakkyawan amfani ga mai sarrafa tsarin Linux, musamman ga wanda bai saba da zaɓuɓɓukan layin umarni da umarni ba.