11 Linux Kernel Boot-time Parameters An Bayyana


Linux booting tsari ne mai rikitarwa idan aka kwatanta da tafiyar matakai a cikin kowane rarraba. Linux Kernel yana karɓar sigogi da yawa a booting, a cikin layin umarni. Wannan ma'aunin lokacin boot-Line yana ƙaddamar da nau'ikan bayanai da yawa zuwa Linux Kernel a Farawar Tsarin.

Buga kwaya ta Linux kai tsaye daga BIOS ta amfani da kernel akan cd (/ dev/cdrom), kar a ba da izinin sanya siga kai tsaye. Don wannan muna buƙatar wani shiri na musamman da ake kira bootloader. Biyu da aka fi amfani da Boot Loaders a Linux sune:

  1. GNU GRUB (GNU GRand Unified Bootloader)
  2. LILO (Linux Loader)

GNU GRUB kunshin mai ɗaukar kaya ne daga aikin GNU wanda ke da ikon yin booting ɗaya daga cikin kernel da yawa ko kowane ƙayyadaddun tsarin kernel akan Unix da Linux System.

LILO yana da damar yin kora kernels iri-iri da adana tsarin su a cikin fayil ɗin rubutu bayyananne. LILO yana da ikon yin booting Windows, Unix, BSD, Linux da duk sauran sanannun dandamali tare da zaɓuɓɓuka iri-iri.

Ana shigar da muhawarar boot ɗin Linux Kernel cikin jerin igiyoyin da aka ware tare da fararen sarari. Hanyar al'ada don ƙaddamar da muhawarar taya zuwa kernel yana cikin nau'i na:

name[=value_1] [,value_2]........[,value_10]

Inda 'suna = maɓalli na musamman' yana bayyana ɓangaren kernel inda za a haɗa ƙimar. Darajar da zai iya ɗauka shine 10, matsakaicin. Lambar da ke yanzu tana ɗaukar sigogin waƙafi 10 ne kawai a kowace kalma.

Anan, a cikin wannan labarin za mu rufe wasu sigogin lokacin boot-kernel gama gari a cikin Linux, waɗanda yakamata ku sani.

1. ciki

Wannan yana saita umarnin farko wanda ke buƙatar aiwatar da kernel. Idan ba a saita 'init' ba, yana neman 'init' a cikin wurare masu zuwa kafin kernel ɗin ya shiga yanayin tsoro.

  1. /sbin/init
  2. /etc/init
  3. /bin/init
  4. /bin/sh

2. nfsadrs

Sigar da ke sama tana saita adireshin boot na nfs zuwa kirtani wanda ke da amfani idan akwai boot ɗin net ɗin.

3. nfsroot

Ma'aunin 'nfsroot' yana saita nfs tushen sunan zuwa kirtani wanda ke da amfani idan akwai boot ɗin yanar gizo. Sunan kirtani yana da prefixed ta ''/tftpboot'idan bai fara da'/' , ',' ko kowace lamba ba.

4. tushen

Wucewa tushen sigogi a lokacin booting yana saita tsarin da za a yi amfani da shi azaman tsarin fayil ɗin tushen.

5. guda

Ma'aunin 'single' wanda ke jagorantar 'init' zuwa farkon kwamfutar a cikin yanayin mai amfani guda ɗaya kuma ya kashe farawa duk daemons.

6. ro

Wannan siga yana gaya wa bootloader don hawa tushen fayil ɗin a yanayin karantawa kawai. Don haka, waccan shirin fsck na iya yin siginar tsarin fayil, ba za ku fitar da fsck akan tsarin fayil ɗin karantawa/rubuta ba.

7. rw

Wannan siga yana tilasta bootloader don hawa tsarin fayil ɗin tushen a cikin yanayin karantawa.

8. Hdx

Daidaita Geometry direban IDE, hujjar 'Hdx' tana da amfani sosai idan BIOS yana haifar da bayanan da ba su da mahimmanci kuma ba daidai ba.

9. ajiya

Wannan hujja tana da amfani sosai wajen kare yankunan I/O tashar jiragen ruwa daga bincike.

10. console

Yana bayyana jerin na'urorin wasan bidiyo na tashar jiragen ruwa zuwa kernel tare da tallafin na'urar wasan bidiyo na serial.

11. mun

Yana bayyana jimlar adadin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar tsarin da ke akwai, mai taimako yayin amfani da babban RAM.

Kwayar Linux tana karɓar ɗimbin sigogi a taya. Za mu rufe sauran sigogi a cikin labarin mai zuwa.

Shi ke nan a yanzu. Zan kasance a nan tare da wani labarin, har sai kun ji kuma ku haɗa da Tecment.