Gabatarwa zuwa GlusterFS (Tsarin Fayil) da Shigarwa akan RHEL/CentOS da Fedora


Muna rayuwa ne a cikin duniyar da bayanai ke girma ta hanyar da ba za a iya tantancewa ba kuma yana buƙatar mu adana waɗannan bayanai, ko an tsara su ko ba a tsara su ba, ta hanyar da ta dace. Tsarukan ƙididdiga masu rarraba suna ba da fa'idodi da yawa akan tsarin sarrafa kwamfuta. Anan ana adana bayanai ta hanyar rarrabawa tare da nodes da yawa azaman sabobin.

Ba a buƙatar manufar uwar garken metadata a cikin tsarin fayil da aka rarraba. A cikin tsarin fayil ɗin da aka rarraba, yana ba da ra'ayi gama gari na duk fayilolin da aka rabu tsakanin sabobin daban-daban. Ana samun isa ga fayiloli/ kundayen adireshi akan waɗannan sabar ajiya ta hanyoyi na yau da kullun.

Misali, ana iya saita izini don fayiloli/ kundayen adireshi kamar yadda aka saba tsarin izinin tsarin, watau mai shi, rukuni da sauransu. Samun dama ga tsarin fayil ya dogara da yadda aka tsara ƙa'idar ta musamman don yin aiki akan iri ɗaya.

Menene GlusterFS?

GlusterFS tsarin fayil ne da aka rarraba wanda aka ayyana don amfani dashi a cikin sarari mai amfani, watau Fayil ɗin Fayil a sarari mai amfani (FUSE). Tsarin fayil ne na tushen software wanda ke lissafin fasalin fasalinsa.

Dubi adadi mai zuwa wanda da tsari ke wakiltar matsayin GlusterFS a cikin tsari na matsayi. Ta hanyar tsohowar TCP za a yi amfani da ita ta GlusterFS.

  1. Innovation - Yana kawar da metadata kuma yana iya haɓaka aikin sosai wanda zai taimake mu mu haɗa bayanai da abubuwa.
  2. Lasticity - An daidaita shi don haɓakawa da rage girman bayanai.
  3. Scale Linearly - Yana da samuwa ga petabytes da kuma bayan.
  4. Sauƙi - Yana da sauƙin sarrafawa da zaman kansa daga kwaya yayin aiki a cikin sararin mai amfani.

  1. Mai siyarwa - Rashin uwar garken metadata yana ba da tsarin fayil mai sauri.
  2. Mai araha - Yana tura kayan aikin kayayyaki.
  3. Masu sassauci - Kamar yadda na fada a baya, GlusterFS tsarin fayil ne kawai na software. Anan ana adana bayanai akan tsarin fayil na asali kamar ext4, xfs da sauransu.
  4. Buɗewa Tushen - A halin yanzu GlusterFS yana kulawa da Red Hat Inc, kamfanin buɗaɗɗen dala biliyan, a matsayin ɓangare na Adana Hat Hat.

  1. Brick – Tuba shine ainihin kowane kundin adireshi da ake son a raba shi tsakanin amintattun wuraren ajiya.
  2. Tsarin Ma'ajiya Mai Amintacce - tarin waɗannan fayilolin/kundayen adireshi ne, waɗanda suka dogara akan ƙayyadaddun tsari.
  3. Ajiye Ajiye - Su ne na'urori waɗanda ta hanyarsu ake matsar da bayanai a cikin tsarin ta hanyar tubalan.
  4. Cluster - A cikin Ma'ajiyar Hat Hat, duka tari da amintattun wuraren ajiya suna ba da ma'ana iri ɗaya na haɗin gwiwar sabar ajiya bisa ƙayyadadden ƙayyadaddun tsari.
  5. Tsarin Fayil da aka Rarraba - Tsarin fayil wanda ke bazuwar bayanai akan nodes daban-daban inda masu amfani zasu iya shiga fayil ɗin ba tare da sanin ainihin wurin fayil ɗin ba. Mai amfani ba ya jin daɗin shiga nesa.
  6. FUSE – Module ne na kernel wanda za'a iya lodawa wanda ke bawa masu amfani damar ƙirƙirar tsarin fayil sama da kwaya ba tare da haɗa kowane lambar kernel ba.
  7. glusterd - glusterd shine GlusterFS management daemon wanda shine kashin bayan tsarin fayil wanda zai gudana a duk tsawon lokacin a duk lokacin da sabobin ke cikin yanayin aiki.
  8. POSIX - Interface System Mai ɗaukar nauyi (POSIX) shine dangin ma'auni da IEEE ya ayyana azaman mafita ga dacewa tsakanin Unix-variants a cikin hanyar Interface Programmable Interface (API).
  9. RAID - Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID) fasaha ce da ke ba da ƙarin amincin ajiya ta hanyar sakewa.
  10. Ƙaramar juzu'i - bulo bayan an sarrafa shi da aƙalla a ɗaya mai fassara.
  11. Mai Fassarawa - Mai fassara shine yanki na lambar wanda ke aiwatar da ainihin ayyukan da mai amfani ya fara daga wurin tudu. Yana haɗa ƙaramin juzu'i ɗaya ko fiye.
  12. Ƙarar - Kundin ƙira shine tarin tubali na hankali. Dukkan ayyukan sun dogara ne akan nau'ikan kundin da mai amfani ya ƙirƙira.

Ana kuma ba da izinin wakilcin nau'ikan juzu'i daban-daban da haɗuwa tsakanin waɗannan nau'ikan ƙarar na asali kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa.

Wakilin ƙarar da aka raba-maimaitawa.

Shigar da GlusterFS a cikin RHEL/CentOS da Fedora

A cikin wannan labarin, za mu yi girka da daidaitawa GlusterFS a karon farko don wadatar ajiya mai yawa. Don wannan, muna ɗaukar sabar guda biyu don ƙirƙirar kundin da kwafi bayanai tsakanin su.

  1. Saka CentOS 6.5 (ko kowane OS) akan nodes biyu.
  2. Saita sunaye mai suna server1 da server2.
  3. Haɗin cibiyar sadarwa mai aiki.
  4. Ajiye faifai akan kusoshi biyu mai suna “/data/brick“.

Kafin Sanya GlusterFS akan sabobin biyu, muna buƙatar kunna EPEL da GlusterFS ma'ajiyar don gamsar da abubuwan dogaro na waje. Yi amfani da hanyar haɗin da ke biyowa don shigarwa da kunna ma'ajin epel a ƙarƙashin tsarin biyu.

  1. Yadda ake Kunna Ma'ajiyar EPEL a RHEL/CentOS

Na gaba, muna buƙatar kunna maajiyar GlusterFs akan sabobin biyu.

# wget -P /etc/yum.repos.d http://download.gluster.org/pub/gluster/glusterfs/LATEST/EPEL.repo/glusterfs-epel.repo

Shigar da software a kan sabobin biyu.

# yum install glusterfs-server

Fara daemon sarrafa GlusterFS.

# service glusterd start

Yanzu duba matsayin daemon.

# service glusterd status
service glusterd start
  service glusterd status
  glusterd.service - LSB: glusterfs server
   	  Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/glusterd)
  	  Active: active (running) since Mon, 13 Aug 2012 13:02:11 -0700; 2s ago
  	 Process: 19254 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/glusterd start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  	  CGroup: name=systemd:/system/glusterd.service
  		  ├ 19260 /usr/sbin/glusterd -p /run/glusterd.pid
  		  ├ 19304 /usr/sbin/glusterfsd --xlator-option georep-server.listen-port=24009 -s localhost...
  		  └ 19309 /usr/sbin/glusterfs -f /var/lib/glusterd/nfs/nfs-server.vol -p /var/lib/glusterd/...

Bude '/ sauransu/sysconfig/selinux'kuma canza SELinux zuwa ko dai ''halatta'' ko ''nakasassu'' yanayin akan sabar biyu. Ajiye kuma rufe fayil ɗin.

# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#     enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
#     permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#     disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values:
#     targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
#     mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted

Na gaba, ja da iptables a cikin duka nodes ko buƙatar ba da damar shiga wani kumburi ta iptables.

# iptables -F

Gudun umarni mai zuwa akan 'Server1'.

gluster peer probe server2

Gudun umarni mai zuwa akan 'Server2'.

gluster peer probe server1

Lura: Da zarar an haɗa wannan tafkin, amintattun masu amfani kawai za su iya bincika sabbin sabobin a cikin wannan tafkin.

A kan duka server1 da uwar garken2.

# mkdir /data/brick/gv0

Ƙirƙiri ƙarar A kowane uwar garken guda ɗaya kuma fara ƙarar. Anan, na ɗauki 'Server1'.

# gluster volume create gv0 replica 2 server1:/data/brick1/gv0 server2:/data/brick1/gv0
# gluster volume start gv0

Na gaba, tabbatar da matsayin ƙarar.

# gluster volume info

Lura: Idan ba'a fara ƙarar cikin akwati ba, ana shigar da saƙon kuskure a ƙarƙashin '/var/log/glusterfs' akan ɗaya ko duka sabar.

Haga ƙarar zuwa kundin adireshi a ƙarƙashin '/mnt'.

# mount -t glusterfs server1:/gv0 /mnt

Yanzu zaku iya ƙirƙira, shirya fayiloli akan wurin dutsen azaman ra'ayi ɗaya na tsarin fayil.

Siffofin GlusterFS

    Warkar da kai - Idan wani tubalin da ke cikin juzu'in da aka kwaikwayi ya ragu kuma masu amfani sun canza fayiloli a cikin sauran tubalin, daemon warkar da kai ta atomatik zai fara aiki da zaran bulo ya tashi a gaba da ma'amaloli. faruwa a lokacin saukar lokaci ana daidaita su daidai. Ma'auni - Idan muka ƙara sabon bulo zuwa ƙarar da ake da ita, inda yawancin bayanai ke zama a baya, za mu iya yin aikin sake daidaitawa don rarraba bayanan tsakanin duk bulogin ciki har da sabon bulo da aka ƙara.
  1. Geo-maimaitawa - Yana ba da bayanan baya don dawo da bala'i. Anan ya zo da ra'ayi na master and bawa kundin. Don haka idan maigidan ya kasa gabaɗayan bayanan za a iya samun damar shiga ta hanyar bawa. Ana amfani da wannan fasalin don daidaita bayanai tsakanin sabar da aka raba ta yanki. Ƙaddamar da zaman-maimaituwar ƙasa yana buƙatar jerin umarni na gluster.

Anan, shine ɗaukar allo mai zuwa wanda ke nuna tsarin jujjuyawar Geo.

Rubutun Magana

GlusterFS Shafin Gida

Shi ke nan a yanzu!. Kasance da sabuntawa don cikakken bayanin akan fasali kamar Warkar da Kai da Sake daidaitawa, Kwafi-kwafi, da dai sauransu a cikin labaran nawa masu zuwa.