13 Apk Umarnin don Gudanar da Kunshin Linux na Alpine

Alpine Linux mai zaman kanta ne, kyauta, kuma buɗaɗɗen tushen rarraba Linux bisa BusyBox da musl. Rarraba Linux mai nauyi ce mai nauyi da tsaro wacce ta zo cikin ƙaramin sawun (kimanin 160 MB).

A saboda wannan dalili, ana amfani da shi sosai wajen ƙirƙirar kwantena waɗanda ke da nauyi da raka'a na tsaye waɗanda ke ba da keɓantaccen yanayi don turawa da gudanar da aikace-aikace.

Alpine Linux yana hari ga masu amfani waɗanda ke son sauƙi, tsaro, da ingantaccen amfani da albarkatu. An tsara shi don x86, x86-64. AArch64 da ARM gine-gine.

Kamar kowane rarraba Linux, Alpine Linux yana zuwa tare da mai sarrafa fakitin sa wanda aka sani da apk (Mai Kula da Kunshin Alpine) kuma ya zo an riga an shigar dashi akan duk rarrabawar Linux Alpine.

Apk yana kula da duk ayyukan sarrafa fakitin da suka haɗa da bincike, sakawa, haɓakawa, jeri, da cire fakitin software don ambaci kaɗan. A cikin wannan jagorar, muna nuna misalai na umarnin Apk da aka saba amfani da su a cikin Alpine Linux.

Kafin mu kalli umarnin apk daban-daban waɗanda zaku iya amfani da su don sarrafa fakitinku, bari mu taɓa ma'ajiyar Alpine Linux.

Alpine Linux yana da ma'ajiyar ajiya guda biyu da aka kunna ta tsohuwa: babba da ma'ajiyar al'umma.

Babban ma'ajiyar ajiyar ta ƙunshi fakiti waɗanda aka gwada su kuma an amince da su a hukumance ta ƙungiyar ci gaban Alpine Linux.
Ma'ajiyar al'umma, a gefe guda, ta ƙunshi fakitin tallafi na al'umma waɗanda ake jigilar su daga gefe ko wuraren gwaji.

A kan tsarin Linux na Alpine na gida, zaku iya nemo ma'ajiyar a cikin fayil ɗin /etc/apk/repositories, zaku iya amfani da umarnin cat don duba su kamar haka.

$ cat /etc/apk/repositories

Bayan mun kalli wuraren ajiya, bari mu kai tsaye tsalle cikin sarrafa fakiti ta amfani da mai sarrafa fakitin apk.

1. Sabunta Alpine Linux

Don sabunta wuraren ajiya da lissafin fakiti akan Alpine Linux, gudanar da umarni

$ apk update

2. Nemo Samuwar Fakitin

Kafin shigar da fakiti, yana da kyau a bincika idan an shirya shirya fakitin a hukumance a cikin ma'ajin. Don yin haka, yi amfani da syntax:

$ apk search package_name

Misali, don nemo fakitin nano a cikin ma'ajiyar, gudanar da umarni:

$ apk search nano

3. Samun Bayanin Kunshin da Aka Sanya

Don samun bayanin fakiti a cikin ma'ajiyar, game da kunshin ya wuce tutocin -v da -d kamar yadda aka nuna. Zaɓin -d gajere ne don siffantawa yayin da zaɓin -v yana fitar da fitowar magana.

$ apk search -v -d nano

4. Sanya Fakiti a cikin Alpine Linux

Don shigar da fakiti akan Alpine Linux, yi amfani da ma'anar:

$ apk add package_name

Misali, don shigar da editan rubutun nano, gudanar da umarni:

$ apk add nano

Bugu da ƙari, zaku iya shigar da fakiti da yawa a cikin umarni ɗaya ta amfani da ma'anar:

$ apk add package1 package2

Misali, umarnin da ke ƙasa yana shigar da editan vim a tafi.

$ apk add neofetch vim

Kuna iya tabbatarwa idan kun shigar da neofetch ta hanyar aiwatar da umarnin:

$ neofetch

Wannan yana cika bayanai game da tsarin aiki kamar nau'in OS, kernel, lokacin aiki, da kayan aikin da ke ƙasa kamar CPU da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.

Don tabbatar da cewa an shigar da editan vim, kawai gudanar da umarnin vim ba tare da wata gardama ba kuma wannan zai nuna bayani game da vim.

$ vim

Zaɓin -i yana haifar da hulɗar mai amfani lokacin shigar da fakiti. Yana sa apk ya tambaye ku ko za ku ci gaba da shigar da kunshin ko zubar da ciki.

$ apk -i add apache2

5. Duba Shigar Kunshin a cikin Alpine Linux

Don bincika idan an riga an shigar da takamaiman fakiti, yi amfani da ma'anar:

$ apk -e info package_name

A cikin wannan misalin, muna bincika idan an shigar da Nano.

$ apk -e info nano

Bugu da kari, zaku iya bincika idan fakiti da yawa sun wanzu ta jera su a layi ɗaya. Don wannan misalin, muna tabbatarwa idan an shigar da nano da vim duka.

$ apk -e info nano vim

Don jera ƙarin bayani kamar siga da girman fakitin da aka shigar a sauƙaƙe kawai:

$ apk info nano

6. Jerin Fayilolin da ke Haɗe da Kunshin

Tutar -L tana ba ku damar jera fayilolin da ke da alaƙa da fakiti, wanda ya haɗa da fayilolin binary da daidaitawa da sauran fayiloli.

$ apk -L info nano

7. Lissafin Dogara na Kunshin

Tare da zaɓin -R, zaku iya jera fakitin da fakitin ya dogara da su. A cikin misali mai zuwa, muna lissafin abubuwan dogaro waɗanda vim ya dogara da su.

$ apk -R info vim

8. Nemo Girman da aka Sanya na Kunshin

Don duba girman shigar da kunshin, yi amfani da zaɓin -s (ƙananan) kamar haka:

$ apk -s info vim

9. Lissafta Duk Fakitin da Aka Sanya

Don jera duk fakitin da aka shigar akan Alpine Linux, gudanar da umarni:

$ apk info

10. Haɓaka Alpine Linux

Don haɓaka duk fakiti akan Alpine Linux zuwa sabbin sigogin su, gudanar da umarni

$ apk upgrade

Don yin busasshiyar haɓakawa, wuce zaɓin -s. Wannan kawai yana gudanar da simulation kuma yana nuna nau'ikan da za a haɓaka fakitin zuwa. Ba ya haɓaka fakitin.

$ apk -s upgrade

11. Rike Haɓaka Kunshin

Akwai lokuttan da za ku so ku ajiye ƴan fakitin baya daga haɓakawa. Misali don kiyaye nano a cikin sigar sa na yanzu - nano-5.9-r0 - gudanar da umarni.

$ apk add nano=5.9-r0

Wannan zai keɓance fakitin nano daga haɓakawa yayin da aka haɓaka sauran fakiti zuwa sabbin nau'ikan su.

Don fitar da kunshin daga baya don haɓakawa, gudanar:

$ apk add 'nano>5.9'

12. Cire Kunshin a cikin Alpine Linux

Idan baku buƙatar fakiti kuma, zaku iya cire shi ta amfani da ma'auni:

$ apk del package_name

Misali, don share vim, gudanar da umarni.

$ apk del vim

13. Samun Taimako tare da Umurnin Apk

Don ƙarin umarnin apk, zaku iya bincika kundin taimako na apk kamar yadda aka nuna

$ apk --help

A cikin wannan jagorar, mun mai da hankali kan misalan umarnin Alpine apk. Muna fatan wannan zai taimaka muku yayin da kuka fara shigarwa da sarrafa fakiti akan Alpine Linux.