Yadda ake saita Samba Server a RHEL, Rocky Linux da AlmaLinux
Raba fayiloli muhimmin bangare ne na gudanarwar uwar garken. Yana ba da damar raba albarkatu a cikin hanyar sadarwar da masu amfani ke buƙata don aiwatar da ayyukansu. Ɗaya daga cikin software na raba fayil ɗin da aka fi amfani dashi shine Samba.
Samba, sake aiwatar da sanannen tsarin SMB (block saƙon saƙon uwar garke) ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'ida ce kuma kyauta wacce ke ba da damar raba fayiloli da ayyukan bugu a cikin hanyar sadarwa. An shigar da software a kan uwar garken Linux ta tsakiya wanda za a iya samun dama ga fayilolin da aka raba daga tsarin Linux da Windows.
A cikin wannan jagorar, za mu bi ku ta hanyar shigar da Samba Server akan rarrabawar tushen RHEL kamar CentOS Stream, Rocky Linux, da AlmaLinux.
Mataki 1: Sanya Samba a cikin Linux
Don farawa da Samba, shigar da fakitin Samba core gami da fakitin abokin ciniki:
$ sudo dnf install samba samba-common samba-client
Umurnin yana shigar da fakiti da aka ƙayyade tare da abin dogaro kamar yadda aka nuna akan fitarwa. Bayan an gama shigarwa, za ku sami taƙaitaccen bayanin duk fakitin da aka shigar.
Mataki 2: Ƙirƙiri kuma Sanya Hannun Samba
Da zarar an shigar da duk fakitin samba, mataki na gaba shine saita hannun jarin samba. Rabon samba shine kawai jagorar da za'a raba tsakanin tsarin abokin ciniki a cikin hanyar sadarwa.
Anan, za mu ƙirƙiri rabon samba mai suna /data a cikin /srv/tecmint/hanyar directory.
$ sudo mkdir -p /srv/tecmint/data
Na gaba, za mu ba da izini da mallaka kamar haka.
$ sudo chmod -R 755 /srv/tecmint/data $ sudo chown -R nobody:nobody /srv/tecmint/data $ sudo chcon -t samba_share_t /srv/tecmint/data
Na gaba, za mu yi wasu gyare-gyare a cikin fayil ɗin daidaitawa na smb.conf wanda shine babban fayil ɗin Samba. Amma kafin mu yi haka, za mu adana fayil ɗin ta hanyar sake suna da wani tsawo na fayil daban.
$ sudo mv /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf.bak
Na gaba, za mu ƙirƙiri sabon fayil ɗin sanyi.
$ sudo vim /etc/samba/smb.conf
Za mu ayyana manufofi kan wanda zai iya samun damar rabon samba ta ƙara layin da aka nuna a cikin fayil ɗin daidaitawa.
[global] workgroup = WORKGROUP server string = Samba Server %v netbios name = rocky-8 security = user map to guest = bad user dns proxy = no ntlm auth = true [Public] path = /srv/tecmint/data browsable =yes writable = yes guest ok = yes read only = no
Ajiye ku fita fayil ɗin sanyi.
Don tabbatar da saitunan da aka yi, gudanar da umarni:
$ sudo testparm
Na gaba, fara kuma kunna Samba daemons kamar yadda aka nuna.
$ sudo systemctl start smb $ sudo systemctl enable smb $ sudo systemctl start nmb $ sudo systemctl enable nmb
Tabbatar tabbatar da cewa duka smb da nmb daemons suna gudana.
$ sudo systemctl status smb $ sudo systemctl status nmb
Mataki 3: Shiga Samba Share daga Windows
Ya zuwa yanzu, mun shigar da samba kuma mun tsara rabon samba na mu. Yanzu muna shirye don samun dama gare shi daga nesa. Don yin wannan akan abokin ciniki na Windows, danna tambarin Windows key + R don ƙaddamar da maganganun Run.
A cikin filin rubutu da aka bayar, shigar da adireshin IP na sabar sabar kamar yadda aka nuna:
\\server-ip
Taga mai zuwa mai lakabin 'Jama'a' zai tashi. Ka tuna, wannan shine kundin adireshi wanda ke nuna rabon samba na mu a cikin /srv/tecmint/directory bayanai.
A halin yanzu, kundin adireshinmu ba komai bane saboda ba mu ƙirƙiri kowane fayil ba. Don haka, za mu koma tashar tashar mu kuma mu ƙirƙiri ƴan fayiloli a cikin directory share samba.
$ cd /srv/tecmint/data
$ sudo touch file{1..3}.txt
Yanzu, za mu kewaya zuwa babban fayil 'Public' inda za a nuna fayilolin da muka ƙirƙira a baya.
Cikakke. Mun samu nasarar shiga rabon mu na samba. Koyaya, kundin adireshinmu yana iya isa ga kowa kuma kowa yana iya shiryawa da share fayiloli yadda ya kamata, wanda ba a ba da shawarar ba musamman idan kuna shirin ɗaukar fayiloli masu mahimmanci.
A mataki na gaba, za mu nuna yadda zaku iya ƙirƙira da kuma saita amintaccen kundin adireshi na samba.
Mataki na 4: Amintaccen Jagoran Raba Samba
Da farko, za mu ƙirƙiri sabon mai amfani da samba.
$ sudo useradd smbuser
Na gaba, za mu tsara kalmar sirri don mai amfani da samba. Wannan ita ce kalmar sirri da za a yi amfani da ita yayin tantancewa.
$ sudo smbpasswd -a smbuser
Bayan haka, za mu ƙirƙiri sabon rukuni don amintaccen rabonmu na samba kuma mu ƙara sabon mai amfani da samba.
$ sudo groupadd smb_group $ sudo usermod -g smb_group smbuser
Bayan haka, ƙirƙiri wani rabon samba wanda za a iya isa ga amintattu. A cikin yanayinmu, mun ƙirƙiri wani kundin adireshi a cikin hanyar guda ɗaya
$ sudo mkdir -p /srv/tecmint/private
Sannan saita izinin fayil don rabon samba
$ sudo chmod -R 770 /srv/tecmint/private $ sudo chcon -t samba_share_t /srv/tecmint/private $ sudo chown -R root:smb_group /srv/tecmint/private
Har yanzu, shiga cikin fayil ɗin daidaitawar Samba.
$ sudo vim /etc/samba/smb.conf
Ƙara waɗannan layukan don ayyana don amintaccen rabon samba.
[Private] path = /srv/tecmint/private valid users = @smb_group guest ok = no writable = no browsable = yes
Ajiye canje-canje kuma fita.
A ƙarshe, sake kunna duk samba daemons kamar yadda aka nuna.
$ sudo systemctl restart smb $ sudo systemctl restart nmb
Lokacin da kuka shiga sabar ku a wannan karon, zaku lura da ƙarin babban fayil 'Private'. Don samun dama ga babban fayil, za a buƙaci ku inganta tare da bayanan mai amfani na Samba. Samar da sunan mai amfani da kalmar sirri na mai amfani da kuka ƙirƙira a matakin baya kuma danna 'Ok'.
Mataki 5: Shiga Samba Share daga Linux Client
Don samun damar rabo daga abokin ciniki na Linux, da farko, tabbatar da cewa an shigar da kunshin abokin ciniki na Samba.
$ sudo dnf install samba-client
Sannan yi amfani da umarnin smbclient kamar haka
# smbclient ‘\2.168.43.121\private’ -U smbuser
Kuma wannan ya ƙare wannan jagorar akan kafa Samba akan RHEL, CentOS Stream, Rocky Linux, da AlmaLinux. Za a yaba da ra'ayoyin ku akan wannan jagorar.