Yadda ake Sanya Zabbix akan Rocky Linux da AlmaLinux


Ingantacciyar kulawa shine muhimmin sashi don ingantaccen sarrafa kayan aikin IT gaba ɗaya. Maganin sa ido mai ƙarfi na ainihin lokaci yana ba da cikakken ganuwa na hanyar sadarwar ku da aikin aikace-aikacen.

Yana taimakawa gano ainihin lokacin da kurakurai da aukuwa suka faru da aika faɗakarwa. Ta yin haka, ƙungiyoyin aiki za su iya ɗaukar matakan shiga tsakani a cikin kan lokaci kuma su tabbatar da ci gaban kasuwanci a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci mai yiwuwa.

Wannan yana taimaka muku yin amfani da mafi yawan albarkatun IT ɗin ku kuma, bi da bi, haɓaka kudaden shiga ku. Don haka, mutum ba zai iya ɓata mahimmancin saka hannun jari a cikin ingantaccen ingantaccen kayan aikin sa ido ba.

Zabbix kyauta ce kuma buɗe tushen kayan aikin saka idanu na matakin kasuwanci wanda ake amfani da shi don sa ido kan duk ababen more rayuwa na IT. Yana iya saka idanu akan komai ciki har da na'urorin cibiyar sadarwa, sabobin (girgije da kan-gida) aikace-aikace, bayanan bayanai, har ma da kwantena docker. Hakanan yana gano kurakurai kuma yana aika faɗakarwa don ba da damar aiwatar da gaggawa ta ƙungiyoyin IT don magance matsalar.

A cikin wannan jagorar, za mu mai da hankali kan shigar da kayan aikin sa ido na Zabbix akan Rocky Linux/AlmaLinux. A lokacin rubuta wannan jagorar, sabuwar sigar Zabbix ita ce farkon sakin Zabbix 6.0.

Don wannan jagorar, wannan shine abin da kuke buƙatar samun:

  • Misali na Rocky Linux tare da damar SSH.
  • Misali na Alma Linux tare da damar SSH.
  • An saita mai amfani sudo don yin ayyuka masu gata.

Mataki 1: Sanya LAMP a cikin Rocky/Alma Linux

Zabbix aikace-aikacen sa ido ne wanda PHP ke sarrafa shi akan gaba da Java & C a bayan baya. Har ila yau, yana buƙatar tushen bayanai na dangantaka don tattarawa da adana bayanansa. Don haka muna buƙatar shigar da tari wanda za mu shigar da Zabbix akansa.

LAMP, gajeriyar Linux, Apache, MariaDB/MySQL, da PHP babban sunan gida ne a cikin da'irar masu haɓakawa. Ya ƙunshi uwar garken gidan yanar gizo na Apache, MariaDB ko MySQL (takardun bayanai na dangantaka), da PHP wanda injiniyan rubutun gefen sabar ne.

Za mu fara ta hanyar shigar da sabar gidan yanar gizon Apache. Don yin haka, aiwatar da umarnin:

$ sudo dnf install @httpd

Da zarar an shigar, fara Apache kuma kunna shi don gudanar da tsarin farawa.

$ sudo systemctl start httpd
$ sudo systemctl enable httpd

Don tabbatar da cewa Apache yana gudana, aiwatar da umarnin:

$ sudo systemctl status httpd

Fitowar ta tabbatar da cewa an shigar Apache kuma yana gudana kamar yadda aka zata.

Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, Zabbix yana buƙatar bayanan alaƙa don adana duk bayanansa. Mun zaɓi shigar da MariaDB saboda amincin sa da tsaro da yawa da haɓaka ayyukan da yake bayarwa.

Sabuwar sigar Zabbix tana buƙatar sigar MariaDB 10.5 don yin aiki kamar yadda aka zata. Don farawa, kuna buƙatar kunna maajiyar MariaDB YUM.

Don haka, ƙirƙirar fayil ɗin ajiya:

$ sudo vim  /etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repo

Manna layin masu zuwa.

[mariadb]
name = MariaDB
baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/10.5/rhel8-amd64
gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
gpgcheck=1
module_hotfixes=1

Ajiye canje-canje kuma fita fayil ɗin sanyi.

Na gaba, shigo da maɓallin sa hannu na MariaDB GPG:

$ sudo --import https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB

A ƙarshe, don shigar da uwar garken MariaDB da abokin ciniki, gudanar da umarni:

$ sudo dnf install MariaDB-server MariaDB-client

Lokacin da shigarwa ya cika, fara uwar garken MariaDB kuma kunna shi don farawa ta atomatik akan taya.

$ sudo systemctl start mariadb
$ sudo systemctl enable mariadb

Tabbatar cewa uwar garken bayanan tana gudana:

$ sudo systemctl status mariadb

Don tabbatar da shigar da sigar MariaDB, gudanar da umarni:

$ mysql -V

A madadin, zaku iya shiga cikin uwar garken bayanan kamar haka.

$ sudo mysql -u root -p

Za a buga sigar MariaDB akan saƙon maraba.

Yawanci, ba a saita saitunan MariaDB zuwa shawarwarin tsaro da ake buƙata ba. Abin godiya, MariaDB yana ba da rubutun mysql_secure_installation don inganta tsaro na uwar garken bayanai.

Don haka, aiwatar da rubutun kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ sudo mysql_secure_installation

Za a buƙaci ka yi jerin ayyuka. Da farko, canza zuwa ga kayan aikin tantance soket na UNIX.

Don sauran tsokana, rubuta Y kuma danna ENTER. Wannan yana ba ku damar cire masu amfani da ba a san su ba, hana masu amfani da nesa daga shiga a matsayin tushen da kuma cire bayanan gwajin da masu kutse za su iya amfani da su. Sannan a ƙarshe sake loda teburin gata don adana canje-canje.

Plugin tantancewar UNIX_socket yana bawa tushen mai amfani damar shiga uwar garken bayanan ba tare da kalmar sirri ba. Don kunna tabbatar da kalmar wucewa ta MariaDB, shiga cikin MariaDB:

$ sudo mysql -u root -p

Sannan saita tushen kalmar sirri kamar haka.

set password = password("yourpassword");

Don canzawa daga UNIX soket Tantance kalmar sirri zuwa mysql_native_password ingantacciyar hanya, gudanar da umarnin

ALTER USER [email  IDENTIFIED VIA mysql_native_password USING PASSWORD("yourpassword");

Yanzu duk lokacin da ka dawo, za a buƙaci ka samar da kalmar sirri.

Bangare na ƙarshe na tarin LAMP don shigarwa shine PHP. Ana bayar da wannan a cikin tsoffin ma'ajin AppStream. Kuna iya tabbatar da wannan kamar haka:

$ sudo dnf module list PHP

Ta hanyar tsoho, ana kunna PHP 7.2 ta tsohuwa. Muna buƙatar canza wannan zuwa PHP 7.4.

$ sudo dnf module reset php
$ sudo dnf module install php:7.4

Na gaba, shigar da samfuran PHP da ake buƙata don shigarwar Zabbix.

$ sudo dnf install php php-curl php-fpm php-mysqlnd

Don duba sigar PHP, gudu.

$ php -v

Mun shigar da sabis na PHP-FPM (FastCGI Process Manager) wanda shine sanannen madadin aiwatar da PHP FastCGI.

Fara kuma kunna shi akan lokacin taya.

$ sudo systemctl start php-fpm
$ sudo systemctl enable php-fpm

Sannan a tabbatar da matsayinsa.

$ sudo systemctl status php-fpm

A wannan lokacin, mun sami nasarar shigar da tarin LAMP. A cikin matakai na gaba, za a shiga cikin shigar da Zabbix.

Mataki 2: Sanya Zabbix a cikin Rocky/Alma Linux

Tare da tarin LAMP a wurin, Bari mu shigar da Zabbix ta hanyar shigar da ma'ajin Zabbix.

$ sudo rpm -Uvh https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/5.5/rhel/8/x86_64/zabbix-release-5.5-1.el8.noarch.rpm

Da zarar an shigar da ma'ajiyar, shigar da uwar garken Zabbix, wakilin Zabbix, da fakitin Zabbix masu alaƙa kamar haka.

$ sudo dnf install zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-web-mysql zabbix-apache-conf zabbix-sql-scripts zabbix-selinux-policy zabbix-agent

Lokacin da shigarwa ya cika, kuna buƙatar ƙirƙirar bayanan Zabbix da mai amfani da bayanan da Zabbix zai yi amfani da shi don samun damar bayanan.

$ sudo mysql -u root -p
CREATE USER [email  IDENTIFIED BY '[email ';

Sannan ba da izini ga mai amfani da bayanai don aiwatar da duk ayyuka akan ma'adanar bayanai.

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON zabbix_db.* TO [email ;

Sannan aiwatar da canje-canjen kuma fita uwar garken bayanai

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
EXIT;

Na gaba, shigo da tsarin bayanai:

$ sudo zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-sql-scripts/mysql/create.sql.gz | mysql -u zabbix_user -p zabbix_db

Lokacin da aka nemi kalmar sirri, samar da kalmar sirrin mai amfani na Zabbix ba kalmar sirrin tushen asusun ba.

Bugu da ƙari, shirya fayil ɗin sanyi na Zabbix

$ sudo vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf

Tabbatar cewa ƙimar kalmar sirri ta DBNname, DBUser, DBP suna nuna ƙimar da kuka bayar don bayananku.

DBHost=localhost
DBName=zabbix_db
DBUser=zabbix_user
[email 

Ajiye canje-canje kuma fita fayil ɗin sanyi.

Mataki 3: Sanya PHP-FPM a cikin Rocky/Alma Linux

Bayan haka, ana buƙatar wasu ƙarin daidaitawa don sabis na PHP-FPM. Shirya fayil ɗin sanyi na www.conf.

$ sudo vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf 

Tabbatar cewa layin masu zuwa sun bayyana kamar yadda suke.

listen = /run/php-fpm/www.sock
 
user = apache
group = apache

listen.allowed_clients = 0.0.0.0
listen.owner = apache
listen.group = apache
listen.mode = 0660
pm = dynamic

Ajiye canje-canje kuma fita fayil.

Ƙari ga haka, saka saitin yankin lokaci a cikin fayil ɗin daidaitawar Zabbix.conf.

$ sudo vim /etc/php-fpm.d/zabbix.conf

Ƙara layin da aka nuna.

php_value[date.timezone] = Africa/Nairobi

Ajiye ku fita.

Don amfani da duk canje-canjen da aka yi, sake kunna duk sabis kamar yadda aka nuna

$ sudo systemctl restart zabbix-server zabbix-agent httpd php-fpm

Bugu da ƙari, la'akari da ba su damar farawa.

$ sudo systemctl enable zabbix-server zabbix-agent httpd php-fpm

Mataki 4: Sanya SELinux & Firewall a cikin Rocky/Alma Linux

Kuna buƙatar saita SELinux zuwa izini don samun damar gaban gaba daga mai bincike. Don yin haka, gudanar da umarni:

$ sudo sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=permissive/g' /etc/selinux/config

Na gaba, kan gaba zuwa Tacewar zaɓi kuma ba da izinin sabis na HTTP tare da tashar jiragen ruwa 10050 da 10051 wanda uwar garken Zabbix da wakili ke saurare.

$ sudo firewall-cmd --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
$ sudo firewall-cmd --add-port={10050,10051}/tcp --permanent
$ sudo firewall-cmd --reload

Mataki 5: Kammala Shigar Zabbix a cikin Rocky/Alma Linux

A ƙarshe, buɗe burauzar ku, kuma je zuwa URL ɗin da aka nuna

http://server-ip/zabbix

Shafin farko da ke gaishe ku shine shafin maraba na Zabbix wanda ke nuna gaba gaɗi da sigar da kuke sakawa. Zaɓi harshen shigarwa kuma danna maɓallin 'Mataki na gaba'.

A cikin jerin abubuwan da ake buƙata, gungurawa har zuwa ƙasa kuma tabbatar da duk abubuwan da ake buƙata sun sami alamar 'Ok' a cikin shafi na ƙarshe. Yana da wajibi cewa duk abubuwan da ake bukata sun cika. Sannan danna maɓallin 'Next step'.

A kan shafin 'Sanya Haɗin DB'. Cika bayanan bayananku. Don tashar tashar bayanai, bar shi a 0. Danna 'Mataki na gaba'.

Sannan saka sunan uwar garken ku, tabbatar da yankin lokacin ku kuma jin daɗin zaɓar jigon da kuka fi so. Sannan danna 'Next step'.

Tabbatar da duk saitunan kuma idan duk yayi kyau, danna kan 'Mataki na gaba' don kammala shigarwa.

Idan duk saitunan da kuka bayar daidai ne, zaku sami saƙon taya murna wanda ke sanar da ku nasarar saitin gaban gaban Zabbix. Danna maɓallin 'Gama'.

Wannan yana jagorantar ku zuwa shafin shiga Zabbix. Shiga tare da waɗannan takaddun shaida:

Admin:	Admin
Password:   zabbix

Sa'an nan danna kan 'Sign in' don samun damar dashboard na Zabbix. Kuna iya canza kalmar wucewa daga baya don ƙarin tsaro, don haka kada ku damu da hakan.

A ƙarshe, zaku sami damar zuwa dashboard ɗin Zabbix.

Kuma a can kuna da shi. Mun sami nasarar shigar da kayan aikin sa ido na Zabbix akan Rocky Linux/AlmaLinux.