8 Linux Dig (Domain Information Groper) Umarni zuwa Tambayar DNS
A cikin labarinmu na baya mun nuna muku mafi amfani da umarnin 8 Nslookup tare da misalansu, yanzu anan mun zo da wani kayan aikin layin umarni mai suna Dig, wanda yayi kama da kayan aikin Linux Nslookup. Zamu ga yadda ake amfani da umarnin tona a hankali tare da misalansu kamar yadda aka nuna a kasa.
Dig yana nufin (Domain Information Groper) kayan aiki ne na hanyar sadarwar hanyar sadarwar yanar gizo don neman saitunan Sunan System (DNS). Yana da amfani don tabbatarwa da magance matsalolin DNS da kuma aiwatar da bincike na DNS da nuna amsoshin da aka dawo dasu daga sunan uwar garken sunan da aka tambaya. tono wani bangare ne daga cikin BIND domain name uwar garken software. umarnin digo yana maye gurbin tsofaffin kayan aiki kamar nslookup da mai masaukin baki. akwai kayan aikin tono a cikin manyan rarraba Linux.
# dig yahoo.com; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.10.rc1.el6_3.2 <<>> yahoo.com ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<
Sama da umarnin yana haifar da tono don bincika rikodin "A" don sunan yankin yahoo.com. Tona umarni karanta fayilolin /etc/resolv.conf da kuma neman saitunan DNS da aka jera a can. Amsar daga uwar garken DNS shine abin da aka nuna nuni.
- Layi farawa da; maganganu ne ba na bayanin ba. Layin farko ya gaya mana sigar tona (9.8.2) umarni.
- Na gaba, tono yana nuna taken amsar da ta samu daga sabar DNS
- Na gaba ya zo sashin tambaya, wanda kawai ya gaya mana tambayar, wanda a wannan yanayin tambaya ne don rikodin "A" na yahoo.com. IN na nufin wannan binciken Intanet ne (a cikin ajin Intanet).
- Sashin amsar ya gaya mana cewa yahoo.com yana da adireshin IP ɗin 72.30.38.140
- A ƙarshe akwai wasu ƙididdiga game da tambayar. Kuna iya kashe waɗannan ƙididdigar ta amfani da zaɓi + nostats.
Ta hanyar tsoho tono magana ce mai kyau. Hanya ɗaya don yanke fitowar ita ce ta amfani da + gajeren zaɓi. wanda zai yanke fitarwa kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa.
# dig yahoo.com +short 98.139.183.24 72.30.38.140 98.138.253.109
Lura: Ta hanyar tsoho tono yana neman rikodin "A" na yankin da aka ayyana, amma zaka iya tantance sauran bayanan kuma. Rikodi na MX ko Mail eXchange yana gaya wa sabobin imel yadda za a bi hanyar imel ɗin don yankin. Hakanan TTL, SOA da dai sauransu.
Nemi nau'ikan bayanan kayan aikin DNS kawai.
# dig yahoo.com MX ; <> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.10.rc1.el6_3.2 <> yahoo.com MX ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 31450 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 3, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 24 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;yahoo.com. IN MX ;; ANSWER SECTION: yahoo.com. 33 IN MX 1 mta6.am0.yahoodns.net. yahoo.com. 33 IN MX 1 mta7.am0.yahoodns.net. yahoo.com. 33 IN MX 1 mta5.am0.yahoodns.net.
# dig yahoo.com SOA ; <> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.10.rc1.el6_3.2 <> yahoo.com SOA ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 2197 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 7, ADDITIONAL: 7 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;yahoo.com. IN SOA ;; ANSWER SECTION: yahoo.com. 1800 IN SOA ns1.yahoo.com. hostmaster.yahoo-inc.com. 2012081409 3600 300 1814400 600
# dig yahoo.com TTL ; <> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.10.rc1.el6_3.2 <> yahoo.com TTL ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 56156 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 3, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;yahoo.com. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION: yahoo.com. 3589 IN A 98.138.253.109 yahoo.com. 3589 IN A 98.139.183.24 yahoo.com. 3589 IN A 72.30.38.140
# dig yahoo.com +nocomments +noquestion +noauthority +noadditional +nostats ; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.10.rc1.el6 <<>> yahoo.com +nocomments +noquestion +noauthority +noadditional +nostats ;; global options: +cmd yahoo.com. 3442 IN A 72.30.38.140 yahoo.com. 3442 IN A 98.138.253.109 yahoo.com. 3442 IN A 98.139.183.24
# dig yahoo.com ANY +noall +answer ; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.10.rc1.el6 <<>> yahoo.com ANY +noall +answer ;; global options: +cmd yahoo.com. 3509 IN A 72.30.38.140 yahoo.com. 3509 IN A 98.138.253.109 yahoo.com. 3509 IN A 98.139.183.24 yahoo.com. 1709 IN MX 1 mta5.am0.yahoodns.net. yahoo.com. 1709 IN MX 1 mta6.am0.yahoodns.net. yahoo.com. 1709 IN MX 1 mta7.am0.yahoodns.net. yahoo.com. 43109 IN NS ns2.yahoo.com. yahoo.com. 43109 IN NS ns8.yahoo.com. yahoo.com. 43109 IN NS ns3.yahoo.com. yahoo.com. 43109 IN NS ns1.yahoo.com. yahoo.com. 43109 IN NS ns4.yahoo.com. yahoo.com. 43109 IN NS ns5.yahoo.com. yahoo.com. 43109 IN NS ns6.yahoo.com.
Neman Binciken Baya na DNS. Nuna sashen amsa kawai tare da amfani da + gajere.
# dig -x 72.30.38.140 +short ir1.fp.vip.sp2.yahoo.com.
Tambaya takamaiman shafin yanar gizon DNS takamaiman tambaya viz. MX, NS da sauransu.
# dig yahoo.com mx +noall +answer redhat.com ns +noall +answer ; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.10.rc1.el6 <<>> yahoo.com mx +noall +answer redhat.com ns +noall +answer ;; global options: +cmd yahoo.com. 1740 IN MX 1 mta6.am0.yahoodns.net. yahoo.com. 1740 IN MX 1 mta7.am0.yahoodns.net. yahoo.com. 1740 IN MX 1 mta5.am0.yahoodns.net. redhat.com. 132 IN NS ns1.redhat.com. redhat.com. 132 IN NS ns4.redhat.com. redhat.com. 132 IN NS ns3.redhat.com. redhat.com. 132 IN NS ns2.redhat.com.
Createirƙiri .digrc fayil a ƙarƙashin $HOME/.digrc don adana zaɓuɓɓukan tona tsoho.
# dig yahoo.com yahoo.com. 3427 IN A 72.30.38.140 yahoo.com. 3427 IN A 98.138.253.109 yahoo.com. 3427 IN A 98.139.183.24
Muna da shagunan + noall + amsoshin zaɓuɓɓuka har abada a cikin fayil .digrc ƙarƙashin kundin adireshin gidan mai amfani. Yanzu, duk lokacin da umurnin tono ya zartar zai nuna bangaren amsarwa ne kawai na fitowar tono. Babu Bukatar buga kowane zaɓuɓɓukan lokaci kamar + noall + amsa.
A cikin wannan labarin, mun yi ƙoƙari don gano umarnin haƙa wanda zai iya taimaka maka bincika bayanan DNS Sabis ɗin Sunan Sabis. Raba ra'ayoyinku ta akwatin sharhi.