Yadda ake Shigar KVM akan Ubuntu 20.04

KVM, (Mashin ɗin Virtual na Kernel) kyauta ne mai buɗewa don tallata kayan kwalliyar Linux. Lokacin da aka sanya a kan tsarin Linux, ya zama hypervisor na Type-2.

A cikin wannan labarin, zamu kalli yadda zaku girka KVM akan Ubuntu 20.04 LTS.

Mataki 1: Bincika Tallafin Virwarewa a cikin Ubuntu

Kafin shigar da KVM akan Ubuntu, da farko zamu tabbatar da cewa kayan aikin suna tallafawa KVM. Mafi ƙarancin abin da ake buƙata don girka KVM shine samuwar virara ayyukan haɓaka ta CPU kamar AMD-V da Intel-VT.

Don bincika ko tsarin Ubuntu yana goyan bayan ƙaura, gudanar da wannan umarni.

$ egrep -c '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo

Sakamakon da yafi 0 yana nuna cewa ana tallafawa ƙaura. Daga cikin kayan da ke ƙasa, mun tabbatar cewa sabarmu tana da kyau mu tafi.

Don bincika idan tsarin ku na tallafawa ƙirar KVM aiwatar da umarnin:

$ sudo kvm-ok

Idan mai amfani "" kvm-ok "baya nan a sabarku, shigar da ita ta hanyar gudanar da umarnin da ya dace:

$ sudo apt install cpu-checker

Yanzu aiwatar da umarnin\"kvm-ok" don bincika tsarinka.

$ sudo kvm-ok

Fitowar a fili yana nuna cewa muna kan madaidaiciyar hanya kuma a shirye muke don ci gaba da shigarwa na KVM.

Mataki 2: Sanya KVM akan Ubuntu 20.04 LTS

Tare da tabbatar da cewa tsarinmu na iya tallafawa KVM na ƙwarewar, za mu girka KVM, Don shigar da KVM, manajan gari, manajan gada da sauran abubuwan dogaro, gudanar da umurnin:

$ sudo apt install -y qemu qemu-kvm libvirt-daemon libvirt-clients bridge-utils virt-manager

Explanationan bayani game da abubuwan da ke sama.

  • Kunshin qemu (mai saurin koyo) aikace-aikace ne wanda zai baku damar aiwatar da aikin ƙera kayan masarufi.
  • Kunshin qemu-kvm shine babban kunshin KVM.
  • The libvritd-daemon shine ikon amfani da wutar lantarki.
  • Kunshin kayan haɗin gada yana taimaka muku ƙirƙirar haɗin gada don bawa sauran masu amfani damar samun damar amfani da wata na’ura ta zamani banda tsarin masu karɓar.
  • Manajan ƙwarewa shine aikace-aikace don sarrafa injunan kama-da-wane ta hanyar amfani da mai amfani da hoto

Kafin ci gaba, muna buƙatar tabbatar da cewa daemon mai amfani - libvritd-daemon - yana gudana. Don yin haka, aiwatar da umarnin.

$ sudo systemctl status libvirtd

Kuna iya kunna shi don farawa akan taya ta gudu:

$ sudo systemctl enable --now libvirtd

Don bincika idan an ɗora nau'ikan KVM, gudanar da umurnin:

$ lsmod | grep -i kvm

Daga kayan aikin, zaku iya lura da kasancewar kvm_intel koyaushe. Wannan shine batun masu sarrafa Intel. Don CPUs na AMD, zaku sami tsarin kvm_intel koyaushe.

Mataki na 3: Creatirƙirar Inji na Musamman a cikin Ubuntu

Tare da nasarar shigar da KVM, Yanzu za mu ƙirƙiri wani inji mai zaman kansa. Akwai hanyoyi 2 don tafiya game da wannan: Kuna iya ƙirƙirar na'ura ta kama-da-wane akan layin umarni ko amfani da KVM-manajan mai sarrafa hoto mai zane.

Ana amfani da kayan aikin layin umarni kusan-girke don ƙirƙirar injunan kama-da-wane akan tashar. Ana buƙatar adadin sigogi lokacin ƙirƙirar injin kama-da-wane.

Anan ne cikakkiyar umarnin da nayi amfani dashi lokacin ƙirƙirar na'ura ta kamala ta amfani da hoton Deepin ISO:

$ sudo virt-install --name=deepin-vm --os-variant=Debian10 --vcpu=2 --ram=2048 --graphics spice --location=/home/Downloads/deepin-20Beta-desktop-amd64.iso --network bridge:vibr0

Zaɓin --suna yana ƙayyade sunan na'urar kama-da-wane - deepin-vm Tutar --os-bambance-bambancen tana nuna dangin OS ko abin da ya samo asali daga VM. Tunda Deepin20 ya samo asali daga Debian, na ayyana Debian 10 a matsayin bambance-bambancen.

Don samun ƙarin bayani game da bambancin OS, gudanar da umurnin

$ osinfo-query os

Zaɓin --vcpu yana nuna maɓuɓɓukan CPU a wannan yanayin 2, --ram yana nuna ƙarfin RAM wanda shine 2048MB. Alamar - wuri tuta zuwa cikakkiyar hanyar hoto ta ISO kuma gadar --n hanyar sadarwa gada tana ƙayyade adaftar da za'ayi amfani da ita ta hanyar na'urar kama-da-wane. Nan da nan bayan aiwatar da umarnin, na'ura ta kama-da-wane za ta tashi kuma za a ƙaddamar da mai shigarwar a shirye don shigar da na'urar ta kama-da-wane.

Mai amfani da kyawawan-manaja yana ba masu amfani damar ƙirƙirar injiniyoyi masu amfani ta hanyar amfani da GUI. Don farawa, fita zuwa tashar kuma gudanar da umarnin.

$ virt manager

Taga manajan inji na kama-da-wane zai buɗe kamar yadda aka nuna.

Yanzu danna gunkin saka idanu don fara ƙirƙirar na'urar kirki.

A saman taga mai kyau, saka inda hotonka na ISO yake. A halinmu, hoton ISO yana cikin babban fayil 'Zazzagewa' a cikin kundin adireshin gida, don haka za mu zaɓi zaɓi na farko - Media Install Local (Hoton ISO ko CDROM). Gaba, danna maballin 'Forward' don ci gaba.

A mataki na gaba, bincika hoto na ISO akan tsarinku kai tsaye a ƙasa, saka iyalin OS waɗanda hotonku ya dogara da su.

Na gaba, zaɓi ƙarfin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da lambar CPU ɗin da za a ba da naurar ku ta atomatik, sa'annan danna 'Forward'.

Kuma a ƙarshe, a mataki na ƙarshe, saka suna don na'urarku ta kama -ɗaɗa kuma danna maɓallin 'Finarshe'.

Kirkirar na'urar kama-da-wane zata dauki wasu yan mintuna wanda mai saka OS din da kake girkawa zai bude.

A wannan gaba, zaku iya ci gaba da shigarwa na injin kama-da-wane.

Kuma wannan shine yadda kuke tafiya game da sanya KVM hypervisor akan Ubuntu 20.04 LTS.