Yadda ake lissafta adireshin Subnet na IP tare da kayan aikin ipcalc

Lokacin sarrafa hanyar sadarwa, babu shakka za ku buƙaci mu'amala da tsarin sadarwa na yanar gizo. Wasu masu gudanar da hanyar sadarwa suna iya yin lissafin binary da sauri a cikin kawunansu, don tantance abin rufe fuska na subnet. Duk da haka, wasu na iya buƙatar taimako kuma wannan shine inda kayan aikin ipcalc ya zo da amfani.

Ipcalc a zahiri yana yin abubuwa da yawa - yana ɗaukar adireshin IP da netmask kuma yana ba da sakamakon watsa shirye-shiryen, hanyar sadarwa, mashin ɓoye na Cisco, da kewayon mai watsa shiri. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da shi azaman kayan aikin koyarwa don gabatar da sakamakon ƙaddamarwa a cikin sauƙin fahimtar ƙimar binary.

Wasu daga cikin amfanin ipcalc sune:

Tabbatar da adireshin IP
Nuna lissafin adireshi na watsa shirye-shirye
Nuna sunan mai masaukin da aka ƙaddara ta hanyar DNS
Nuna adireshin cibiyar sadarwa ko prefix

Yadda ake shigar da ipcalc a cikin Linux

Don shigar da ipcalc, kawai gudanar da ɗaya daga cikin umarnin da ke ƙasa, dangane da rarraba Linux da kuke amfani da shi.

$ sudo apt install ipcalc

Ya kamata a shigar da kunshin ipcalc ta atomatik a ƙarƙashin CentOS/RHEL/Fedora kuma yana cikin kunshin initscripts, amma idan saboda wasu dalilai ya ɓace, zaku iya shigar da shi ta amfani da:

# yum install initscripts     #RHEL/CentOS
# dnf install initscripts     #Fedora

Yadda ake amfani da icalc a cikin Linux

A ƙasa zaku iya ganin wasu misalan amfani da ipcalc.

Nemo bayani game da adireshin cibiyar sadarwa:

# ipcalc 192.168.20.0

Address:   192.168.20.0         11000000.10101000.00010100. 00000000
Netmask:   255.255.255.0 = 24   11111111.11111111.11111111. 00000000
Wildcard:  0.0.0.255            00000000.00000000.00000000. 11111111
=>
Network:   192.168.20.0/24      11000000.10101000.00010100. 00000000
HostMin:   192.168.20.1         11000000.10101000.00010100. 00000001
HostMax:   192.168.20.254       11000000.10101000.00010100. 11111110
Broadcast: 192.168.20.255       11000000.10101000.00010100. 11111111
Hosts/Net: 254                   Class C, Private Internet

Ƙididdige haɗin yanar gizo don 192.168.20.0/24.

# ipcalc 192.168.20.0/24

Address:   192.168.20.0         11000000.10101000.00010100. 00000000
Netmask:   255.255.255.0 = 24   11111111.11111111.11111111. 00000000
Wildcard:  0.0.0.255            00000000.00000000.00000000. 11111111
=>
Network:   192.168.20.0/24      11000000.10101000.00010100. 00000000
HostMin:   192.168.20.1         11000000.10101000.00010100. 00000001
HostMax:   192.168.20.254       11000000.10101000.00010100. 11111110
Broadcast: 192.168.20.255       11000000.10101000.00010100. 11111111
Hosts/Net: 254                   Class C, Private Internet

Ƙirƙiri ƙididdiga guda ɗaya tare da runduna 10:

# ipcalc  192.168.20.0 -s 10

Address:   192.168.20.0         11000000.10101000.00010100. 00000000
Netmask:   255.255.255.0 = 24   11111111.11111111.11111111. 00000000
Wildcard:  0.0.0.255            00000000.00000000.00000000. 11111111
=>
Network:   192.168.20.0/24      11000000.10101000.00010100. 00000000
HostMin:   192.168.20.1         11000000.10101000.00010100. 00000001
HostMax:   192.168.20.254       11000000.10101000.00010100. 11111110
Broadcast: 192.168.20.255       11000000.10101000.00010100. 11111111
Hosts/Net: 254                   Class C, Private Internet

1. Requested size: 10 hosts
Netmask:   255.255.255.240 = 28 11111111.11111111.11111111.1111 0000
Network:   192.168.20.0/28      11000000.10101000.00010100.0000 0000
HostMin:   192.168.20.1         11000000.10101000.00010100.0000 0001
HostMax:   192.168.20.14        11000000.10101000.00010100.0000 1110
Broadcast: 192.168.20.15        11000000.10101000.00010100.0000 1111
Hosts/Net: 14                    Class C, Private Internet

Needed size:  16 addresses.
Used network: 192.168.20.0/28
Unused:
192.168.20.16/28
192.168.20.32/27
192.168.20.64/26
192.168.20.128/25

Idan kana son murkushe fitarwar binary, zaku iya amfani da zaɓin -b kamar yadda aka nuna.

# ipcalc -b 192.168.20.100

Address:   192.168.20.100
Netmask:   255.255.255.0 = 24
Wildcard:  0.0.0.255
=>
Network:   192.168.20.0/24
HostMin:   192.168.20.1
HostMax:   192.168.20.254
Broadcast: 192.168.20.255
Hosts/Net: 254                   Class C, Private Internet

Don neman ƙarin game da amfani da ipcalc, kuna iya amfani da:

# ipcalc --help
# man ipcalc

Kuna iya samun gidan yanar gizon ipcalc na hukuma a http://jodies.de/ipcalc.

Wannan koyawa ce mai sauƙi, tana nuna yadda ake amfani da kayan aikin ipcalc tare da wasu misalai na asali. Idan kuna da wata tambaya ko shawara, tabbatar da ƙaddamar da su a cikin sashin sharhin da ke ƙasa.