Linux 'Itace Umurnin' Misalan Amfani ga Masu farawa


itace wani kankanin ne, shirin hada-hadar tsari ne wanda ake amfani dashi don sake jerowa ko kuma nuna abubuwan da ke cikin kundin adireshi a cikin tsari kamar bishiya. Yana fitar da hanyoyin shugabanci da fayiloli a cikin kowane karamin kundin adireshi da kuma taƙaitaccen adadin adadin ƙananan kundin adireshi da fayiloli.

Ana samun shirin bishiyar a tsarin Unix da Unix kamar Linux, da DOS, Windows, da sauran tsarin aiki da yawa. Ya ƙunshi zaɓuɓɓuka daban-daban don magudin fitarwa, daga zaɓuɓɓukan fayil, zaɓuɓɓukan rarrabewa, zuwa zaɓuɓɓukan zane-zane, da goyan baya don fitarwa a cikin tsarin XML, JSON da HTML.

A cikin wannan taƙaitaccen labarin, zamu nuna yadda ake amfani da umarnin bishiya tare da misalai don sake jera abubuwan cikin kundin adireshi akan tsarin Linux.

Koyi Misalan Amfani da Umurnin Dokoki

Umurnin bishiyar yana samuwa akan komai idan ba yawancin rarar Linux ba, duk da haka, idan baku shigar dashi ta tsohuwa ba, yi amfani da tsoffin manajan kunshin ku don shigar dashi kamar yadda aka nuna.

# yum install tree	 #RHEL/CentOS 7
# dnf install tree	 #Fedora 22+ and /RHEL/CentOS 8
$ sudo apt install tree	 #Ubuntu/Debian
# sudo zypper in tree 	 #openSUSE

Da zarar an shigar, zaku iya ci gaba don koyon amfani da umarnin itacen tare da misalai kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa.

1. Don jera abun cikin kundin adireshi a tsari irin na bishiya, saika shiga cikin kundin adireshin da kake so sannan ka tafiyar da umarnin bishiya ba tare da wani zabi ko mahawara ba kamar haka. Ka tuna ka kira sudo don tafiyar da bishiya a cikin kundin adireshi wanda ke buƙatar izinin izini ga mai amfani.

# tree
OR
$ sudo tree

Zai nuna abubuwan da ke cikin kundin adireshin aiki akai-akai wanda ke nuna kananan kundin adireshi da fayiloli, da kuma taƙaitaccen adadin adadin ƙananan kundin adireshi da fayiloli. Kuna iya kunna bugun ɓoyayyun fayiloli ta amfani da tuta -a .

$ sudo tree -a

2. Don lissafa abubuwan da ke cikin kundin adireshi tare da cikakken prefix na kowane ƙaramin fayil da fayil, yi amfani da -f kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ sudo tree -f

3. Hakanan zaka iya umurtar itace da kawai buga ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan fayiloli a cikinsu ta amfani da zaɓi -d . Idan anyi amfani dashi tare da zabin -f , itacen zai buga cikakkiyar hanyar kundin adireshi kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ sudo tree -d 
OR
$ sudo tree -df

4. Kuna iya tantance iyakar zurfin nuni na itacen shugabanci ta amfani da zabin -L . Misali, idan kuna son zurfin 2, gudanar da wannan umarni.

$ sudo tree -f -L 2

Anan akwai wani misali game da saita zurfin zurfin nuni na itacen shugabanci zuwa 3.

$ sudo tree -f -L 3

5. Don nuna wadancan fayilolin da suka dace da tsarin katin-daji kawai, yi amfani da tutar -P sannan ka saka tsarin ka. A cikin wannan misalin, umarnin zai lissafa fayilolin da suka dace da cata * , don haka za a jera fayiloli kamar Catalina.sh, catalina.bat, da sauransu.

$ sudo tree -f -P cata*

6. Hakanan zaka iya gaya wa bishiyar ta datse kundayen kundin adireshi daga abin da aka fitar ta ƙara zaɓi --prune , kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ sudo tree -f --prune

7. Hakanan akwai wasu zaɓuɓɓukan fayil masu amfani waɗanda itace ke tallafawa kamar su -p waɗanda ke buga nau'in fayil ɗin da izini ga kowane fayil ɗin ta hanyar kama da umarnin ls -l.

$ sudo tree -f -p 

8. Bayan haka, don buga sunan mai amfani (ko UID idan babu sunan mai amfani babu), na kowane fayil, yi amfani da zabin -u , kuma zabin -g ya buga kungiyar suna (ko GID idan babu sunan rukuni babu). Kuna iya haɗawa da zaɓin -p , -u da -g zaɓuɓɓuka don yin dogon jeri kama da umarnin ls -l.

$ sudo tree -f -pug

9. Hakanan zaka iya buga girman kowane fayil a cikin baiti tare da suna ta amfani da zaɓi -s . Don buga girman kowane fayil amma a cikin tsarin da mutum zai iya karantawa, yi amfani da tutar -h kuma saka harafin girma don kilobytes (K), megabytes (M), gigabytes (G), terabytes (T), da dai sauransu ..

$ sudo tree -f -s
OR
$ sudo tree -f -h

10. Don nuna kwanan watan lokacin gyara na ƙarshe don kowane ƙaramin fayil ko fayil, yi amfani da zaɓin -D kamar haka.

$ sudo tree -f -pug -h -D

11. Wani zaɓi mai amfani shine --du , wanda ke bayar da rahoton girman kowane ƙaramin kundin adireshi azaman tarin girman duk fayilolinsa da ƙananan ƙungiyoyinsa (da fayilolinsu, da sauransu).

$ sudo tree -f --du

12. Lastarshe amma ba mafi ƙaranci ba, zaku iya aika ko tura fitowar itacen zuwa sunan suna don bincike na gaba ta amfani da zaɓi -o .

$ sudo tree -o direc_tree.txt

Wannan duk tare da umarnin itace, gudanar da bishiyar mutum don sanin ƙarin amfani da zaɓuɓɓuka. Idan kuna da wasu tambayoyi ko tunani don rabawa, yi amfani da fom ɗin da ke ƙasa don isa gare mu.