4 Abubuwan Amfani don Nemo da Share Fayilolin Kwafi a cikin Linux


Tsara kundin adireshi na gida ko ma tsarin na iya zama da wahala musamman idan kuna da al'adar zazzage kowane irin kaya daga intanet.

Sau da yawa kuna iya samun kun zazzage mp3 iri ɗaya, pdf, epub (da kowane nau'in kari na fayil) kuma kuna kwafi zuwa kundayen adireshi daban-daban. Wannan na iya haifar da kundayen adireshi su zama maguɗi tare da kowane irin kayan kwafi marasa amfani.

A cikin wannan koyawa, za ku koyi yadda ake nemo da share kwafin fayiloli a cikin Linux ta amfani da rdfind da fdupes kayan aikin layin umarni, da kuma amfani da kayan aikin GUI da ake kira DupeGuru da FSlint.

Bayanin taka tsantsan - koyaushe ku mai da hankali kan abin da kuke gogewa akan tsarin ku saboda hakan na iya haifar da asarar bayanan da ba'a so. Idan kana amfani da sabon kayan aiki, da farko gwada shi a cikin kundin gwaji inda share fayiloli ba zai zama matsala ba.

1. Rdfind - Nemo Fayilolin Kwafi a cikin Linux

Rdfind ya fito daga nemo bayanai da yawa. Kayan aiki ne na kyauta da ake amfani da shi don nemo kwafin fayiloli a fadin ko cikin kundayen adireshi da yawa. Yana amfani da checksum kuma yana nemo kwafi bisa fayil ya ƙunshi ba kawai sunaye ba.

Rdfind yana amfani da algorithm don rarraba fayilolin kuma ya gano wanne na kwafin shine ainihin fayil kuma yana ɗaukar sauran a matsayin kwafi. Ka'idojin daraja sune:

  • Idan an sami A yayin binciken hujjar shigar da baya da B, A yana da matsayi mafi girma.
  • Idan aka sami A a zurfin ƙasa da B, A yana da matsayi mafi girma.
  • Idan an samo A baya da B, A yana da matsayi mafi girma.

Ana amfani da ƙa'idar ƙarshe musamman lokacin da aka sami fayiloli biyu a cikin kundi guda.

Don shigar da rdfind a cikin Linux, yi amfani da umarni mai zuwa kamar yadda ake rarraba Linux ɗin ku.

$ sudo apt-get install rdfind     [On Debian/Ubuntu]
$ sudo yum install epel-release && $ sudo yum install rdfind    [On CentOS/RHEL]
$ sudo dnf install rdfind         [On Fedora 22+]
$ sudo pacman -S rdfind   [On Arch Linux]

Don gudanar da rdfind akan directory kawai a rubuta rdfind da directory ɗin manufa. Ga misali:

$ rdfind /home/user

Kamar yadda kake gani rdfind zai adana sakamakon a cikin fayil mai suna results.txt dake cikin wannan directory daga inda kuka gudanar da shirin. Fayil ɗin ya ƙunshi duk kwafin fayilolin da rdfind ya samo. Kuna iya duba fayil ɗin kuma cire kwafin fayilolin da hannu idan kuna so.

Wani abu kuma da zaka iya yi shine kayi amfani da -dryrun wani zaɓi wanda zai samar da jerin abubuwan kwafi ba tare da yin wani aiki ba:

$ rdfind -dryrun true /home/user

Lokacin da kuka sami kwafi, za ku iya zaɓar maye gurbin su tare da hanyoyin haɗin kai.

$ rdfind -makehardlinks true /home/user

Kuma idan kuna son share kwafin za ku iya gudu.

$ rdfind -deleteduplicates true /home/user

Don bincika wasu zaɓuɓɓuka masu amfani na rdfind za ku iya amfani da littafin rdfind tare da.

$ man rdfind 

2. Fdupes - Binciken Fayilolin Kwafi a cikin Linux

Fdupes wani shiri ne da ke ba ku damar gano fayilolin kwafi akan tsarin ku. Yana da kyauta kuma buɗaɗɗen tushe kuma an rubuta shi cikin C. Yana amfani da hanyoyi masu zuwa don tantance fayilolin kwafi:

  • Kwatanta sashin sa hannun md5sum
  • Kwatanta cikakkun sa hannun md5sum
  • tabbatar kwatance byte-byte

Kamar dai rdfind yana da zaɓuɓɓuka iri ɗaya:

  • Bincike akai-akai
  • Kware fayiloli mara komai
  • Yana nuna girman kwafin fayiloli
  • Share kwafi nan take
  • Cire fayiloli tare da wani mai shi daban

Don shigar da fdupes a cikin Linux, yi amfani da umarni mai zuwa kamar yadda ake rarraba Linux ɗin ku.

$ sudo apt-get install fdupes     [On Debian/Ubuntu]
$ sudo yum install epel-release && $ sudo yum install fdupes    [On CentOS/RHEL]
$ sudo dnf install fdupes         [On Fedora 22+]
$ sudo pacman -S fdupes   [On Arch Linux]

Fdupes syntax yayi kama da rdfind. Kawai rubuta umarnin da kundin adireshin da kake son dubawa.

$ fdupes <dir>

Don bincika fayiloli akai-akai, dole ne ku saka -r wani zaɓi kamar wannan.

$ fdupes -r <dir>

Hakanan zaka iya ƙididdige kundayen adireshi da yawa sannan ka saka dir don a bincika akai-akai.

$ fdupes <dir1> -r <dir2>

Don samun fdupes suna lissafin girman fayilolin kwafin amfani da zaɓin -S.

$ fdupes -S <dir>

Don tattara taƙaitaccen bayani game da fayilolin da aka samo amfani da zaɓin -m.

$ fdupes -m <dir>

A ƙarshe, idan kuna son share duk kwafi amfani da -d zaɓi kamar wannan.

$ fdupes -d <dir>

Fdupes zai tambayi wanene daga cikin fayilolin da aka samo don sharewa. Kuna buƙatar shigar da lambar fayil:

Maganin da babu shakka ba a ba da shawarar ba shine a yi amfani da zaɓin -N wanda zai haifar da adana fayil ɗin farko kawai.

$ fdupes -dN <dir>

Don samun jerin zaɓuɓɓukan da ake da su don amfani da fdupes bita shafin taimako ta hanyar gudu.

$ fdupes -help

3. dupeGuru - Nemo Fayilolin Kwafi a cikin Linux

dupeGuru kayan aiki ne na bude-bude da kuma giciye wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don nemo fayilolin kwafi a cikin tsarin Linux. Kayan aikin na iya ko dai bincika sunayen fayil ko abun ciki a cikin babban fayil ɗaya ko fiye. Hakanan yana ba ku damar nemo sunan fayil wanda yayi kama da fayilolin da kuke nema.

dupeGuru ya zo cikin nau'ikan daban-daban don dandamali na Windows, Mac, da Linux. Siffar algorithm ɗin sa mai saurin ruɗewa tana taimaka muku nemo kwafin fayiloli a cikin minti ɗaya. Ana iya daidaita shi, zaku iya cire ainihin fayilolin kwafin da kuke so, da kuma goge fayilolin da ba'a so daga tsarin.

Don shigar da dupeGuru a cikin Linux, yi amfani da umarni mai zuwa kamar yadda ake rarraba Linux ɗin ku.

--------------- On Debian/Ubuntu/Mint --------------- 
$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:dupeguru/ppa
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install dupeguru
--------------- On Arch Linux --------------- 
$ sudo pacman -S dupeguru

4. FSlint - Mai Neman Fayil na Kwafi don Linux

FSlint kayan aiki ne na kyauta wanda ake amfani dashi don nemowa da tsaftace nau'ikan lint iri-iri akan tsarin fayil. Hakanan yana ba da rahoton fayilolin kwafi, kundayen adireshi marasa komai, fayilolin wucin gadi, sunaye na kwafi/ masu rikice-rikice (binary), munanan alaƙar alamomi da ƙari mai yawa. Yana da duka layin umarni da hanyoyin GUI.

Don shigar da FSlint a cikin Linux, yi amfani da umarni mai zuwa kamar yadda ake rarraba Linux ɗin ku.

$ sudo apt-get install fslint     [On Debian/Ubuntu]
$ sudo yum install epel-release && $ sudo yum install fslint    [On CentOS/RHEL]
$ sudo dnf install fslint         [On Fedora 22+]
$ sudo pacman -S fslint   [On Arch Linux]

Waɗannan kayan aikin ne masu fa'ida don nemo fayilolin kwafi akan tsarin Linux ɗinku, amma yakamata ku yi taka tsantsan yayin goge irin waɗannan fayilolin.

Idan ba ku da tabbas idan kuna buƙatar fayil ko a'a, zai fi kyau ku ƙirƙiri madadin wannan fayil ɗin kuma ku tuna da kundin adireshinsa kafin a goge shi. Idan kuna da tambayoyi ko sharhi, da fatan za a ƙaddamar da su a cikin sashin sharhin da ke ƙasa.