10 tr Misalin Umurni a cikin Linux


tr (gajeren fassara) mai amfani ne mai amfani da layin umarni wanda ke fassara da/ko goge haruffa daga shigarwar stdin, kuma ya rubuta zuwa stdout. Shiri ne mai amfani don sarrafa rubutu akan layin umarni.

A cikin wannan labarin, zamuyi bayanin wasu misalan umarnin tr masu amfani don sabbin sabbin Linux.

Ma'anar kalma don gudanar da umurnin tr shine kamar haka, inda ake fassara haruffa a cikin SET1 zuwa haruffa a cikin SET2.

$ tr flags [SET1] [SET2]

Misalin Umurnin Linux tr

1. Sauƙaƙan yanayin amfani da umarnin tr shine canza duk ƙananan haruffa a cikin rubutu zuwa babban harka da akasin haka, kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa.

$ cat linux.txt

linux is my life
linux has changed my life
linux is best and everthing to me..:)
$ cat domains.txt | tr [:lower:] [:upper:]

LINUX IS MY LIFE
LINUX HAS CHANGED MY LIFE
LINUX IS BEST AND EVERTHING TO ME..:)

2. A madadin, zaku iya amfani da wannan umarni don canza duk ƙananan haruffa zuwa babban harafi a cikin fayil kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ cat linux.txt | tr [a-z] [A-Z]

LINUX IS MY LIFE
LINUX HAS CHANGED MY LIFE
LINUX IS BEST AND EVERTHING TO ME..:)

3. Don adana sakamakon da aka rubuta zuwa stdout a cikin fayil don aiki daga baya, yi amfani da fasalin jujjuya fitarwa na harsashi (>) kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ cat linux.txt | tr [a-z] [A-Z] >output.txt
$ cat output.txt 

LINUX IS MY LIFE
LINUX HAS CHANGED MY LIFE
LINUX IS BEST AND EVERTHING TO ME..:)

4. Game da sakewa, zaku iya aika shigarwa zuwa tr ta amfani da jujjuyawar shigar da kuma tura fitarwa zuwa fayil ta amfani da umarni iri ɗaya, kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ tr [a-z] [A-Z] < linux.txt >output.txt

5. Wani fasali mai amfani shine, zaku iya amfani da alamar -d don share haruffa, misali don cire sarari a cikin sunayen yanki ta amfani da umarni mai zuwa.

$ cat domains.txt

www. tecmint. com
www. fossmint. com
www. linuxsay. com
$ cat domains.txt | tr -d '' 

linux-console.net
www.fossmint.com
www.linuxsay.com

6. Idan akwai maimaita haruffa a cikin jeri (misali wurare biyu) a cikin rubutun da kuke sarrafa, zaku iya amfani da zaɓin -s don matse haruffan barin faruwa ɗaya kawai.

$ cat domains.txt

www.tecmint.....com
www.fossmint.com
www.linuxsay.com
$ cat domains.txt | tr -s '' 

linux-console.net
www.fossmint.com
www.linuxsay.com

7. Zaɓin -c yana gaya wa tr don amfani da ƙarin a cikin SET. A cikin wannan misalin, muna so mu share duk haruffa kuma mu bar UID kawai.

$ echo "My UID is $UID" | tr -cd "[:digit:]\n"
OR
$ echo "My UID is $UID" | tr -d "a-zA-Z"

8. Ga misalin karya layi daya na kalmomi (jumla) cikin layuka masu yawa, inda kowace kalma ta bayyana a wani layi daban.

$ echo "My UID is $UID"

My UID is 1000

$ echo "My UID is $UID" | tr " "  "\n"

My 
UID 
is 
1000

9. Dangane da misalin da ya gabata, zaku iya fassara layukan kalmomi da yawa zuwa jumla ɗaya kamar yadda aka nuna.

$ cat uid.txt

My 
UID 
is 
1000

$ tr "\n" " " < uid.txt

My UID is 1000

10. Hakanan yana yiwuwa a fassara harafi guda ɗaya kawai, misali sarari zuwa harafin \: ”, kamar haka.

$ echo "linux-console.net =>Linux-HowTos,Guides,Tutorials" | tr " " ":"

linux-console.net:=>Linux-HowTos,Guides,Tutorials

Akwai haruffa da yawa da za ku iya amfani da su tare da tr, don ƙarin bayani, duba shafin tr man.

$ man tr

Shi ke nan! tr umarni ne mai amfani don sarrafa rubutu akan layin umarni. A cikin wannan jagorar, mun nuna wasu misalai na amfani da umarnin tr masu amfani don sababbin sababbin Linux. Kuna iya raba ra'ayoyin ku tare da mu ta hanyar sharhin da ke ƙasa.