Yadda ake Shigar Sabon MySQL 8 akan Debian 10

MySQL shine mafi yawan amfani da tsarin sarrafa bayanai wanda yake amfani dashi wajen adanawa da kuma dawo da bayanai don shahararrun aikace-aikace. A cikin Debian 10, MariaDB ya zo tare da tsoho azaman maye gurbin maye gurbin MySQL kuma a mafi yawan lokuta, MariaDB yana aiki da kyau.

Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa, a cikin labaranmu guda biyu da suka gabata, munyi amfani da sabar MariaDB, inda muka nuna yadda ake girka LEMP ɗin akan Debian 10.

Idan kuna son fasali kawai aka samu a cikin MySQL, to kuna buƙatar girka shi daga ɗakunan ajiya na MySQL APT na hukuma kamar yadda aka nuna a wannan labarin.

Mataki na 1: dingara Ma'adanar Software ta MySQL

Don shigar da sabuwar sigar ta MySQL, kuna buƙatar saukarwa da shigar da ma'ajiyar MySQL APT ta zo a cikin .deb kunshin da yake sarrafawa don daidaitawa da shigar da rumbun ajiyar software na MySQL akan tsarin Debian ɗinku.

$ cd /tmp
$ wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-apt-config_0.8.13-1_all.deb
$ sudo dpkg -i mysql-apt-config_0.8.13-1_all.deb

Yayin shigarwar kunshin, za a sa ka saita ma'ajiyar ajiya ta MySQL don zahirin nau'ikan uwar garken MySQL da sauran abubuwan da kake son girkawa. Bar tsoho zaɓi don shigar da sabuwar sigar. Da zarar ka gama, danna Shigar ko je zuwa Ok saika buga Shigar.

Mataki 2: Shigar da MySQL akan Debian 10

Bayan ka sanya ma'ajiyar APS ta MySQL, sai ka sabunta ma'ajiyar kunshin APT sannan ka sanya kunshin uwar garken na MySQL, wanda kuma zai shigar da fakitin ga abokin huldar da kuma na din din din din din din din din bayanan bayanan kamar haka.

$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install mysql-server

Yayin shigarwar kunshin, taga maganganun sanyi na kunshin zai bayyana, yana tambayar ku da saita kalmar sirri mai amfani da tushen tushen MySQL. Shigar da amintacce kuma mai ƙarfi kalmar sirri sannan tabbatar da shi ta sake-shigar da shi.

Bayan haka karanta game da sabon tsarin tabbatarwa wanda ya dogara da hanyoyin kalmar sirri ta SHA256, wanda MySQL yayi amfani dashi sannan danna Ok. Kuma zaɓi tsoffin ingantaccen ingantaccen abin da kake son amfani da shi (ka bar zaɓi na asali don amfani da samfurin da aka ba da shawarar) kuma ka latsa maɓallin Shigar don kammala aikin shigarwa.

Lokacin da aka gama shigarwar kunshin, mai sakawa ya kunna tsari don fara aikin MySQL kai tsaye kuma saita shi don farawa a tsarin taya. Don tabbatar da cewa sabis ɗin MySQL yana aiki kuma yana aiki, tabbatar da matsayinsa ta amfani da umarni mai zuwa.

$ sudo systemctl status mysql 

● mysql.service - MySQL Community Server
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2019-08-01 06:20:12 UTC; 3s ago
     Docs: man:mysqld(8)
           http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
  Process: 2673 ExecStartPre=/usr/share/mysql-8.0/mysql-systemd-start pre (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 2709 (mysqld)
   Status: "Server is operational"
    Tasks: 39 (limit: 4915)
   Memory: 378.4M
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysql.service
           └─2709 /usr/sbin/mysqld

Aug 01 06:20:10 tecmint systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Community Server...
Aug 01 06:20:12 tecmint systemd[1]: Started MySQL Community Server.

Akwai sauran wasu umarnin systemctl da yawa wadanda kuke buƙatar sanin don sarrafawa (farawa, sake kunnawa, dakatarwa, da sake loda) sabis ɗin MySQL inda ya cancanta, waɗannan sune:

$ sudo systemctl start mysql 
$ sudo systemctl restart mysql 
$ sudo systemctl stop mysql 
$ sudo systemctl reload mysql

Mataki na 3: Kulawa da MySQL a cikin Debian 10

Duk wani sabo da aka tura kayan aikin MySQL ba shi da tabbas ta hanyar tsoho kuma don inganta tsaro na uwar garken MySQL misali, kuna buƙatar gudanar da rubutun harsashi na mysql_secure_installation wanda zai sa ku yanke shawarar ayyukan da za ku yi.

$ sudo mysql_secure_installation

Sannan amsa tambayoyin daidai ta hanyar karanta bayanin kowane. Da farko, shigar da kalmar sirri ta tushen mai amfani da kuka saita yayin shigarwar kunshin. Sannan zaku iya zaɓar y (don YES) ko n (don A'a) don amfani ko rashin amfani da bangaren VALIDATE PASSWORD, bi da bi.

Hakanan, zaɓi a'a lokacin da aka nemi ku saita sabuwar kalmar sirri ta mai amfani (wacce kuka riga kuka saita yayin girkewar kunshin). Bayan haka a hankali bi sauran tsokana kuma zaɓi y (don YES) don cire masu amfani da ba a sani ba, hana izinin shiga tushen nesa, cire bayanan gwajin kuma sake loda teburin gata.

Mataki na 4: Gwada Gwaninta na MySQL

Bayan kullawa uwar garken MySQL dinka, zaka iya fara amfani dashi domin adana bayanai don gidajen yanar sadarwan ka ko aikace-aikacen gidan yanar gizo. Don samun dama ga harsashin MySQL, gudanar da umarnin mai zuwa (shigar da kalmar sirri ta MySQL lokacin da aka sa ta kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke gaba):

$ mysql -u root -p

Hakanan zaku sami waɗannan jagororin masu zuwa game da MySQL masu amfani:

  1. 12 MySQL/MariaDB Tsaro Mafi Kyawun Ayyuka don Linux
  2. Yadda za a Sake Sanar da Kalmar wucewa a cikin MySQL 8.0
  3. Kayan Aikin Umurni masu Amfani don Kula da Ayyuka na MySQL a cikin Linux

A cikin wannan labarin, mun bayyana yadda za a girka sabuwar sigar sabar uwar garken MySQL a cikin Debian 10. Idan kuna da wata tambaya game da wannan labarin, to ku aiko mana ta hanyar hanyar da ke ƙasa.