17 Amfanin Kayan Aikin Kulawa na Bandwidth don Yin Nazari Amfanin hanyar sadarwa a Linux


Shin kuna fuskantar matsalolin saka idanu kan amfani da bandwidth na hanyar sadarwa na Linux? Kuna buƙatar taimako? Yana da mahimmanci ku sami damar hango abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin hanyar sadarwar ku don fahimta da warware duk abin da ke haifar da jinkirin cibiyar sadarwa ko kuma kawai ku sa ido kan hanyar sadarwar ku.

A cikin wannan labarin, za mu sake nazarin kayan aikin sa ido na bandwidth masu amfani guda 17 don nazarin amfani da hanyar sadarwa akan tsarin Linux.

Idan kuna neman sarrafawa, gyara matsala ko gyara hanyar sadarwar ku, sannan karanta labarinmu - 22 Linux Networking Commands for Sysadmins

Kayan aikin da aka jera a ƙasa duk buɗaɗɗen tushe ne kuma suna iya taimaka muku don amsa tambayoyi kamar me yasa cibiyar sadarwar ke jinkiri a yau?. Wannan labarin ya haɗa da haɗuwa da ƙananan kayan aiki don saka idanu akan bandwidth akan na'ura na Linux guda ɗaya da kuma cikakkun hanyoyin kulawa da ke iya sarrafa ƴan lambobi na runduna a kan LAN (Local Area Network) zuwa runduna da yawa har ma a kan WAN (Wide Area Network).

Site24x7's NetFlow Analyzer - Sa ido kan Traffic Network

Site24x7's NetFlow Analyzer shine zirga-zirgar hanyar sadarwa na tushen girgije da kayan aikin sa ido na bandwidth wanda ke lura da tushen ku da na'urorin da za ku nufa, mu'amalarsu, da zirga-zirgar da ke bi ta cikin su.

Tsara ƙimar ƙima don duk ma'aunin maɓalli, kamar zirga-zirgar shigowa, zirga-zirga mai fita, da amfani da bandwidth, da karɓar faɗakarwa nan take lokacin da aka wuce iyakar.

NetFlow Analyzer yana nazarin kwararar da ya danganci fasaha daban-daban, kamar NetFlow, sFlow, da J-Flow. Kuna iya samun cikakkiyar ganuwa a cikin bandwidth na cibiyar sadarwa tare da ƙididdiga akan mafi girman zirga-zirga, manyan aikace-aikace, da manyan tattaunawa. Gano hogs na bandwidth, gyara su, da haɓaka aikin hanyar sadarwar ku ta amfani da kayan aikin sa ido kan bandwidth na Site24x7.

SarrafaEngine Netflow Analyzer

bincikar bandwidth hogs.

Kuna iya bin tsarin zirga-zirgar ababen hawa a cikin hanyar sadarwar ku na kowane lokaci, kuma ku kara zurfafa cikin na'urar, dubawa, aikace-aikace, da cikakkun bayanan matakin mai amfani. Tare da ikon tsara zirga-zirgar sa, NetFlow Analyzer yana taimaka muku gano abubuwan da ba su dace ba na hanyar sadarwa a cikin ainihin lokaci da magance su kafin su shafi masu amfani da ku.

Tare da rahotannin da za a iya daidaita su, NetFlow Analyzer kuma yana taimaka muku hasashen da tsara buƙatun bandwidth ɗin ku. Kuna iya ƙirƙira, tsarawa, da samar da cikakkun rahotannin nazarin bandwidth a cikin dannawa kaɗan kawai.

1. vnStat – Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka ta hanyar sadarwa

VnStat cikakken tsari ne, tsarin tushen layin umarni don saka idanu kan zirga-zirgar hanyar sadarwar Linux da amfani da bandwidth a ainihin-lokaci, akan tsarin Linux da BSD.

Ɗaya daga cikin fa'idodin da yake da shi akan kayan aiki irin wannan shine cewa yana yin rajistar zirga-zirgar hanyar sadarwa da kididdigar amfani da bandwidth don bincike na gaba - wannan shine halayen sa na asali. Kuna iya duba waɗannan rajistan ayyukan koda bayan sake kunna tsarin.

$ sudo yum install sysstat      [On Older CentOS/RHEL & Fedora]
$ sudo dnf install sysstat      [On CentOS/RHEL/Fedora/Rocky Linux & AlmaLinux]
$ sudo apt-get install sysstat  [On Debian/Ubuntu & Mint]
$ sudo pacman -S sysstat        [On Arch Linux]

2. iftop - Nuna Amfani da Bandwidth

kayan aikin sa ido na bandwidth na cibiyar sadarwa na sama-kamar umarni, ana amfani da shi don samun saurin bayyani na ayyukan cibiyar sadarwa akan hanyar sadarwa. Yana nuna sabuntawar bandwidth na amfani da hanyar sadarwa kowane sakan 2, 10, da 40 akan matsakaita.

$ sudo yum install iftop      [On Older CentOS/RHEL & Fedora]
$ sudo dnf install iftop      [On CentOS/RHEL/Fedora/Rocky Linux & AlmaLinux]
$ sudo apt-get install iftop  [On Debian/Ubuntu & Mint]
$ sudo pacman -S iftop        [On Arch Linux]

3. nload - Nuna hanyar sadarwa Amfani

nload wani kayan aiki ne mai sauƙi, mai sauƙi don amfani don sa ido kan zirga-zirgar hanyar sadarwa da amfani da bandwidth a cikin ainihin lokaci. Yana amfani da zane-zane don taimaka muku saka idanu kan zirga-zirgar shigowa da waje. Bugu da kari, yana kuma nuna bayanai kamar jimillar adadin bayanan da aka canjawa wuri da min/max yawan amfani da hanyar sadarwa.

$ sudo yum install nload      [On Older CentOS/RHEL & Fedora]
$ sudo dnf install nload      [On CentOS/RHEL/Fedora/Rocky Linux & AlmaLinux]
$ sudo apt-get install nload  [On Debian/Ubuntu & Mint]
$ sudo pacman -S nload        [On Arch Linux]

4. NetHogs - Kula da Bandwidth Traffic Network

NetHogs ƙaramin abu ne mai kama da rubutu, kayan aiki na tushen rubutu don saka idanu kan amfani da bandwidth na hanyar sadarwa na lokaci-lokaci ta kowane tsari ko aikace-aikacen da ke gudana akan tsarin Linux. Yana ba da ƙididdiga na ainihin lokacin amfani da bandwidth na hanyar sadarwar ku akan kowane tsari.

$ sudo yum install nethogs      [On Older CentOS/RHEL & Fedora]
$ sudo dnf install nethogs      [On CentOS/RHEL/Fedora/Rocky Linux & AlmaLinux]
$ sudo apt-get install nethogs  [On Debian/Ubuntu & Mint]
$ sudo pacman -S nethogs        [On Arch Linux]

5. bmon – Ƙididdigar Bandwidth da Ƙimar Ƙimar

bmon shima kayan aiki ne madaidaiciyar layin umarni don sa ido kan amfani da bandwidth na cibiyar sadarwa da ƙididdige ƙima, a cikin Linux. Yana ɗaukar ƙididdiga na cibiyar sadarwa kuma yana hango su a cikin tsarin abokantaka na ɗan adam don ku iya sa ido kan tsarin ku.

$ sudo yum install bmon      [On Older CentOS/RHEL & Fedora]
$ sudo dnf install bmon      [On CentOS/RHEL/Fedora/Rocky Linux & AlmaLinux]
$ sudo apt-get install bmon  [On Debian/Ubuntu & Mint]
$ sudo pacman -S bmon        [On Arch Linux]

6. Darkstat - Yana ɗaukar Traffic Network

Darkstat ƙarami ne, mai sauƙi, tsarin giciye, ainihin lokaci, ingantaccen mai nazarin hanyoyin sadarwa na tushen yanar gizo. Kayan aiki ne na ƙididdiga na cibiyar sadarwa wanda ke aiki ta hanyar ɗaukar zirga-zirgar hanyar sadarwa, da kididdigar amfani da kwamfuta, kuma yana ba da rahotanni akan HTTP a cikin hoto mai hoto. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da shi ta layin umarni don samun sakamako iri ɗaya.

$ sudo yum install darkstat      [On Older CentOS/RHEL & Fedora]
$ sudo dnf install darkstat      [On CentOS/RHEL/Fedora/Rocky Linux & AlmaLinux]
$ sudo apt-get install darkstat  [On Debian/Ubuntu & Mint]
$ sudo pacman -S darkstat        [On Arch Linux]

7. IPTraf - IP Network Monitor

IPTraf kayan aiki ne mai sauƙin amfani, tushen ncurses da daidaitacce don sa ido kan zirga-zirgar hanyar sadarwa mai shigowa da mai fita ta hanyar sadarwa. Yana da amfani don lura da zirga-zirgar ababen hawa na IP, da duba kididdigar mu'amala ta gabaɗaya, ƙididdigar ƙididdiga ta mu'amala da ƙari.

$ sudo yum install iptraf      [On Older CentOS/RHEL & Fedora]
$ sudo dnf install iptraf      [On CentOS/RHEL/Fedora/Rocky Linux & AlmaLinux]
$ sudo apt-get install iptraf  [On Debian/Ubuntu & Mint]
$ sudo pacman -S iptraf        [On Arch Linux]

8. CBM – (Launi Bandwidth Mita)

CBM ƙaramin layin umarni ne don nuna zirga-zirgar hanyar sadarwa na yanzu akan duk na'urorin da aka haɗa a cikin fitarwa masu launi a cikin Linux Ubuntu da abubuwan da suka samo asali kamar Linux Mint, Lubuntu, da sauran su. Yana nuna kowace hanyar sadarwa da aka haɗa, bytes da aka karɓa, watsawa ta bytes, da jimlar bytes, yana ba ku damar saka idanu bandwidth na cibiyar sadarwa.

$ sudo yum install cbm      [On Older CentOS/RHEL & Fedora]
$ sudo dnf install cbm      [On CentOS/RHEL/Fedora/Rocky Linux & AlmaLinux]
$ sudo apt-get install cbm  [On Debian/Ubuntu & Mint]
$ sudo pacman -S cbm        [On Arch Linux]

9. Iperf/Iperf3 - Kayan aikin Aunawa Bandwidth na hanyar sadarwa

Iperf/Iperf3 kayan aiki ne mai ƙarfi don auna kayan aikin cibiyar sadarwa akan ka'idoji kamar TCP, UDP, da SCTP. An gina shi da farko don taimakawa wajen daidaita haɗin TCP akan wata hanya ta musamman, don haka yana da amfani don gwaji da saka idanu iyakar bandwidth da za a iya samu akan cibiyoyin sadarwar IP (yana goyon bayan duka IPv4 da IPv6).

Yana buƙatar uwar garken da abokin ciniki don yin gwaje-gwaje (wanda ke ba da rahoton bandwidth, asara, da sauran sigogin aikin cibiyar sadarwa masu amfani).

$ sudo yum install iperf3      [On Older CentOS/RHEL & Fedora]
$ sudo dnf install iperf3      [On CentOS/RHEL/Fedora/Rocky Linux & AlmaLinux]
$ sudo apt-get install iperf3  [On Debian/Ubuntu & Mint]
$ sudo pacman -S iperf3        [On Arch Linux]

10. Netperf - Gwajin Bandwidth na hanyar sadarwa

Netperf yayi kama da iperf, don gwada aikin cibiyar sadarwa. Zai iya taimakawa wajen sa ido kan bandwidth na cibiyar sadarwa a cikin Linux ta hanyar auna canja wurin bayanai ta amfani da TCP, UDP. Hakanan yana goyan bayan ma'auni ta hanyar dubawar Sockets na Berkeley, DLPI, Unix Domain Sockets, da sauran musaya masu yawa. Kuna buƙatar uwar garken da abokin ciniki don gudanar da gwaje-gwaje.

$ sudo yum install netperf      [On Older CentOS/RHEL & Fedora]
$ sudo dnf install netperf      [On CentOS/RHEL/Fedora/Rocky Linux & AlmaLinux]
$ sudo apt-get install netperf  [On Debian/Ubuntu & Mint]
$ sudo pacman -S netperf        [On Arch Linux]

11. SARG - Mai samar da Rahoton Binciken Squid

SARG shine mai nazarin fayilolin log ɗin squid da kayan aikin sa ido kan bandwidth na intanet. Yana samar da rahotannin HTML masu amfani tare da bayanai ciki har da amma ba'a iyakance ga adiresoshin IP ba, da kuma yawan amfani da bandwidth. Kayan aiki ne mai amfani don lura da amfani da bandwidth na intanit ta injina guda ɗaya akan hanyar sadarwa guda ɗaya.

Don koyarwar shigarwa da amfani, duba labarinmu - Yadda ake Sanya SARG don Kula da Amfani da Bandwidth na Intanet na Squid.

12. Monitorix - Kayan aikin Kulawa da Tsarin Sadarwa

Monitorix albarkatun tsarin nauyi ne da aikace-aikacen sa ido na hanyar sadarwa, wanda aka ƙera don ƙananan sabar Linux/Unix kuma yana zuwa tare da tallafi mai ban mamaki don na'urori da aka haɗa.

Yana taimaka muku saka idanu kan zirga-zirgar hanyar sadarwa da kididdigar amfani daga adadin na'urorin cibiyar sadarwa mara iyaka. Yana goyan bayan haɗin IPv4 da IPv6 ciki har da zirga-zirgar fakiti da jadawalin kuskuren zirga-zirga kuma yana tallafawa har zuwa fayafai 9 kowace hanyar sadarwa.

Sanya Monitorix a cikin Linux

$ sudo yum install monitorix      [On Older CentOS/RHEL & Fedora]
$ sudo dnf install monitorix      [On CentOS/RHEL/Fedora/Rocky Linux & AlmaLinux]
$ sudo apt-get install monitorix  [On Debian/Ubuntu & Mint]
$ sudo pacman -S monitorix        [On Arch Linux]

13. Cacti - Cibiyar Kula da Yanar Gizo da Kayan aiki

Cacti cikakken aiki ne, aikace-aikacen zana tsarin cibiyar sadarwa na tushen yanar gizo tare da ilhama, mai sauƙin amfani. Yana amfani da bayanan MySQL don adana bayanan da aka tattara bayanan aikin cibiyar sadarwa, ana amfani da su don samar da zane na musamman. Yana da gaba ga RRDTool, mai amfani don saka idanu kanana zuwa hadaddun cibiyoyin sadarwa tare da dubban na'urori.

Don koyarwar shigarwa da amfani, duba labarinmu - Shigar Cacti (Sabbin Kulawa) akan Linux.

14. Observium - Dandalin Kula da Sadarwar Sadarwa

Observium babban dandamali ne na sa ido na cibiyar sadarwa tare da kyakkyawa da ƙarfi, mai ƙarfi amma mai sauƙi kuma mai sauƙin fahimta. Yana goyan bayan dandamali da yawa da suka haɗa da, Linux, Windows, FreeBSD, Cisco, HP, Dell, da sauransu da yawa, kuma ya haɗa da gano na'urori. Yana taimaka wa masu amfani don tattara awo na cibiyar sadarwa kuma yana ba da zayyana ilhama na ma'aunin na'ura daga bayanan aikin da aka tattara.

Don koyarwar shigarwa da amfani, duba labarinmu - Yadda ake Sanya Observium - Cikakken Tsarin Gudanarwa da Tsarin Sa ido.

15. Zabbix - Aikace-aikace da Kayan aikin Kulawa na Yanar Gizo

Zabbix siffa ce mai wadata, dandamalin sa ido na cibiyar sadarwa da aka saba amfani da shi, wanda aka ƙera a ƙirar abokin ciniki na uwar garken, don saka idanu kan cibiyoyin sadarwa, sabar, da aikace-aikace a cikin ainihin lokaci. Yana tattara nau'ikan bayanai daban-daban waɗanda ake amfani da su don wakilcin gani na aikin cibiyar sadarwa ko awo awo na na'urorin da ake sa ido.

Yana da ikon yin aiki tare da sanannun ka'idojin sadarwar kamar HTTP, FTP, SMTP, IMAP, da ƙari mai yawa, ba tare da buƙatar shigar da ƙarin software akan na'urorin da ake kulawa ba.

Don koyarwar shigarwa da amfani, duba labarinmu - Yadda ake Sanya Zabbix - Cikakken Magani na Kula da Yanar Gizo don Linux.

16. Nagios - Tsare-tsare Tsare-tsare, Cibiyoyin sadarwa, da Kayan aiki

Nagios software ce mai ƙarfi, mai ƙarfi, mai arziƙi, kuma software mai amfani da ita sosai. Yana ba ku damar saka idanu na na'urorin cibiyar sadarwa na gida da na nesa da ayyukansu daga taga guda.

Yana ba da saka idanu na bandwidth a cikin na'urorin cibiyar sadarwa kamar masu sauyawa da masu ba da hanya ta hanyar SNMP don haka yana ba ku damar gano tashar jiragen ruwa da ake amfani da su cikin sauƙi, da kuma nuna yiwuwar masu cin zarafin hanyar sadarwa.

Bugu da kari, Nagios kuma yana taimaka muku don ci gaba da sa ido kan amfani da bandwidth na kowane tashar tashar jiragen ruwa da kurakurai kuma yana goyan bayan gano saurin katsewar hanyar sadarwa da gazawar yarjejeniya.

Don koyarwar shigarwa da amfani, duba labarinmu - Yadda ake Sanya Nagios - Cikakken Maganin Kula da Kayan Aikin IT na Linux.

A cikin wannan labarin, mun sake nazarin yawan bandwidth na cibiyar sadarwa mai amfani da kayan aikin sa ido na tsarin don Linux. Idan mun rasa haɗa da duk wani kayan aikin sa ido a cikin jerin, raba tare da mu a cikin hanyar sharhi da ke ƙasa.