Yadda ake Sanya MySQL 8.0 akan RHEL/CentOS 8/7 da Fedora 35


MySQL tsari ne na buɗe tushen tushen tushen bayanai na kyauta (RDBMS) wanda aka saki ƙarƙashin GNU (Lasisi na Jama'a). Ana amfani da shi don gudanar da bayanai masu yawa akan kowace uwar garken guda ɗaya ta hanyar samar da dama ga masu amfani da yawa zuwa kowane ƙirƙira bayanai.

Wannan labarin zai bi ku ta hanyar shigarwa da sabunta sabuwar MySQL 8.0 version akan RHEL/CentOS 8/7/6/ da Fedora ta amfani da ma'ajin MySQL Yum ta hanyar amfani da YUM.

Mataki 1: Ƙara Ma'ajiyar MySQL Yum

1. Za mu yi amfani da ma'ajin software na MySQL Yum na hukuma, wanda zai samar da fakitin RPM don shigar da sabuwar sigar uwar garken MySQL, abokin ciniki, MySQL Utilities, MySQL Workbench, Connector/ODBC, da Connector/Python don RHEL/CentOS 8/7 /6/ da Fedora 30-35.

Muhimmi: Waɗannan umarnin suna aiki ne kawai akan sabon shigarwa na MySQL akan uwar garken, idan an riga an shigar da MySQL ta amfani da fakitin RPM na ɓangare na uku, to ina ba ku shawarar haɓaka ko maye gurbin kunshin MySQL da aka shigar ta amfani da Majigin MySQL Yum .

Kafin Haɓaka ko Sauya tsohuwar kunshin MySQL, kar a manta da ɗaukar duk mahimman bayanan bayanan bayanai da fayilolin daidaitawa ta amfani da jagorar bayanan bayanan MySQL Ajiyayyen.

2. Yanzu zazzage kuma ƙara ma'ajiyar MySQL Yum mai zuwa zuwa jerin ma'ajiyar tsarin rarraba Linux ɗin ku don shigar da sabuwar sigar MySQL (watau 8.0 da aka saki akan 27 Yuli 2018).

--------------- On RHEL/CentOS 8 ---------------
# wget https://repo.mysql.com/mysql80-community-release-el8-1.noarch.rpm
--------------- On RHEL/CentOS 7 ---------------
# wget https://repo.mysql.com/mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
--------------- On RHEL/CentOS 6 ---------------
# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el6-1.noarch.rpm
--------------- On Fedora 35 ---------------
# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-fc35-1.noarch.rpm
--------------- On Fedora 34 ---------------
# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-fc34-1.noarch.rpm
--------------- On Fedora 33 ---------------
# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-fc33-1.noarch.rpm

3. Bayan zazzage fakitin don dandamali na Linux, yanzu shigar da kunshin da aka sauke tare da umarni mai zuwa.

--------------- On RHEL/CentOS 8 ---------------
# yum localinstall mysql80-community-release-el8-1.noarch.rpm
--------------- On RHEL/CentOS 7 ---------------
# yum localinstall mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
--------------- On RHEL/CentOS 6 ---------------
# yum localinstall mysql80-community-release-el6-1.noarch.rpm
--------------- On Fedora 35 ---------------
# dnf localinstall mysql80-community-release-fc35-1.noarch.rpm
--------------- On Fedora 34 ---------------
# dnf localinstall mysql80-community-release-fc34-1.noarch.rpm
--------------- On Fedora 33 ---------------
# yum localinstall mysql80-community-release-fc33-1.noarch.rpm

Umurnin shigarwa na sama yana ƙara ma'ajin MySQL Yum zuwa jerin ma'ajin tsarin kuma yana zazzage maɓallin GnuPG don tabbatar da amincin fakitin.

4. Kuna iya tabbatar da cewa an ƙara ma'ajiyar MySQL Yum cikin nasara ta amfani da umarni mai zuwa.

# yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"
# dnf repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"      [On Fedora versions]

Mataki 2: Shigar da Sabon MySQL Version

5. Shigar da sabuwar sigar MySQL (a halin yanzu 8.0) ta amfani da umarni mai zuwa.

# yum install mysql-community-server
# dnf install mysql-community-server      [On Fedora versions]

Umurnin da ke sama yana shigar da duk fakitin da ake buƙata don uwar garken uwar garken mysql-community-server, mysql-community-abokin ciniki, mysql-community-common da mysql-community-libs.

Mataki 3: Shigar da Sabbin Sakin MySQL daban-daban

6. Hakanan zaka iya shigar da nau'ikan MySQL daban-daban ta amfani da ma'ajin ajiya daban-daban na MySQL Community Server. Rukunin ma'ajin don jerin MySQL na baya-bayan nan (a halin yanzu MySQL 8.0) ana kunna shi ta tsohuwa, kuma ƙananan ma'ajiyar ga duk sauran nau'ikan (misali, jerin MySQL 5.x) ana kashe su ta tsohuwa.

Don shigar da takamaiman juzu'i daga takamaiman ma'ajiyar ma'ajiyar, za ku iya amfani da --enable ko -- disable zažužžukan ta amfani da yum-config-manager ko dnf config-manager kamar yadda aka nuna. :

# yum-config-manager --disable mysql57-community
# yum-config-manager --enable mysql56-community
------------------ Fedora Versions ------------------
# dnf config-manager --disable mysql57-community
# dnf config-manager --enable mysql56-community

Mataki 4: Fara MySQL Server

7. Bayan nasarar shigarwa na MySQL, lokaci yayi da za a fara da kunna uwar garken MySQL tare da waɗannan umarni:

# service mysqld start
# systemctl enable mysqld.service

Kuna iya tabbatar da matsayin uwar garken MySQL tare da taimakon umarni mai zuwa.

# systemctl status mysqld.service
OR
# service mysqld status

Wannan shine samfurin samfurin gudanar da MySQL a ƙarƙashin akwatina na CentOS 7.

Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status  mysqld.service
mysqld.service - MySQL Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Thu 2015-10-29 05:15:19 EDT; 4min 5s ago
  Process: 5314 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 5298 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 5317 (mysqld)
   CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
           └─5317 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize

Oct 29 05:15:19 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

8. Yanzu a ƙarshe tabbatar da shigar MySQL version ta amfani da wannan umarni.

# mysql --version

mysql  Ver 8.0.27 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)

Mataki 5: Tabbatar da Shigar MySQL

9. Umurnin mysql_secure_installation yana ba ku damar tabbatar da shigarwar MySQL ta hanyar aiwatar da mahimman saitunan kamar saita kalmar sirri, cire masu amfani da ba a san su ba, cire tushen shiga, da sauransu.

Lura: MySQL version 8.0 ko mafi girma yana haifar da kalmar sirri ta wucin gadi a cikin /var/log/mysqld.log bayan shigarwa.

Yi amfani da umarnin da ke ƙasa don ganin kalmar sirri kafin gudanar da amintaccen umarnin MySQL.

# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

Da zarar kun san kalmar wucewa za ku iya aiwatar da umarni mai zuwa don amintaccen shigarwar MySQL.

# mysql_secure_installation

Lura: Shigar da sabuwar kalmar sirri ta Tushen tana nufin kalmar wucewa ta wucin gadi daga fayil /var/log/mysqld.log.

Yanzu bi umarnin kan allo a hankali, don tunani duba fitar da umarnin da ke sama a ƙasa.

Securing the MySQL server deployment.

Enter password for user root: Enter New Root Password

VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN can be used to test passwords
and improve security. It checks the strength of password
and allows the users to set only those passwords which are
secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD plugin?

Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: y

There are three levels of password validation policy:

LOW    Length >= 8
MEDIUM Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, and special characters
STRONG Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, special characters and dictionary                  file

Please enter 0 = LOW, 1 = MEDIUM and 2 = STRONG: 2
Using existing password for root.

Estimated strength of the password: 50 
Change the password for root ? ((Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y

New password: Set New MySQL Password

Re-enter new password: Re-enter New MySQL Password

Estimated strength of the password: 100 
Do you wish to continue with the password provided?(Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.

Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.


Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.

By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.

Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
 - Dropping test database...
Success.

 - Removing privileges on test database...
Success.

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y
Success.

All done! 

Mataki 6: Haɗa zuwa MySQL Server

10. Haɗa zuwa sabuwar uwar garken MySQL ta hanyar samar da sunan mai amfani da kalmar wucewa.

# mysql -u root -p
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 11
Server version: 8.0.27 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

Mataki 7: Ana ɗaukaka MySQL tare da Yum

11. Bayan sabobin shigarwa, zaku iya yin sabuntawa don samfuran MySQL da abubuwan haɗin gwiwa tare da taimakon umarni mai zuwa.

# yum update mysql-server
# dnf update mysql-server       [On Fedora versions]

Lokacin da sabon sabuntawa ya sami MySQL, zai shigar da su ta atomatik, idan ba haka ba zaku sami saƙo yana cewa BABU fakitin da aka yiwa alama don sabuntawa.

Shi ke nan, kun yi nasarar shigar MySQL 8.0 akan tsarin ku. Idan kuna da wata matsala ta shigarwa jin kyauta don amfani da sashin sharhinmu don mafita.