Yadda ake Kunnawa, Kashewa da Sanya Yum Plug-ins

YUM plug-ins ƙananan shirye-shirye ne waɗanda ke haɓaka da haɓaka aikin mai sarrafa fakiti gabaɗaya. Kadan daga cikinsu ana shigar da su ta tsohuwa, yayin da da yawa ba sa. Yum koyaushe yana sanar da ku waɗanne plug-ins, idan akwai, ana loda su kuma suna aiki a duk lokacin da kuke gudanar da kowane umarni yum.

A cikin wannan ɗan gajeren labarin, za mu yi bayanin yadda ake kunnawa ko kashewa da kuma saita plug-ins mai sarrafa fakitin YUM a cikin rarrabawar CentOS/RHEL.

Don ganin duk plug-ins masu aiki, gudanar da yum umarni akan tasha. Daga abubuwan da aka fitar da ke ƙasa, zaku iya ganin cewa an ɗora filogin madubi mafi sauri.

# yum search nginx

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Repodata is over 2 weeks old. Install yum-cron? Or run: yum makecache fast
Determining fastest mirrors
...

Kunna YUM Plug-ins

Don kunna yum plug-ins, tabbatar da cewa umarnin plugins=1 (1 ma'ana akan) yana ƙarƙashin sashin [babban] a cikin fayil /etc/yum.conf, kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa.

# vi /etc/yum.conf

[main]
cachedir=/var/cache/yum/$basearch/$releasever
keepcache=0
debuglevel=2
logfile=/var/log/yum.log
exactarch=1
obsoletes=1
gpgcheck=1
plugins=1 installonly_limit=5

Wannan babbar hanya ce ta kunna yum plug-ins a duniya. Kamar yadda za mu gani daga baya, za ka iya taimaka musu daban-daban a cikin fayilolin sanyi masu karɓa.

Kashe YUM Plug-ins

Don musaki yum plug-ins, kawai canza ƙimar da ke sama zuwa 0 (ma'ana a kashe), wanda ke hana duk plug-ins a duniya.

plugins=0

A wannan mataki, yana da amfani a lura cewa:

  • Tun da ƴan plug-ins (kamar samfur-id da manajan biyan kuɗi) suna ba da mahimman ayyukan yum, ba a ba da shawarar kashe duk plug-ins ba musamman a duniya.
  • Na biyu, ana ba da izinin kashe plug-ins a duk duniya a matsayin hanya mai sauƙi, kuma wannan yana nuna cewa zaku iya amfani da wannan tanadin lokacin da kuke bincika wata matsala ta yum.
  • Tsarin saiti na plug-ins daban-daban suna cikin /etc/yum/pluginconf.d/.
  • Kashe plug-ins a duniya a /etc/yum.conf yana ƙetare saituna a cikin fayilolin daidaitawa guda ɗaya.
  • Kuma kuna iya kashe guda ɗaya ko duk yum plug-ins yayin gudanar da yum, kamar yadda aka bayyana daga baya.

Shigarwa da Ƙaddamar Ƙarin YUM Plug-ins

Kuna iya duba jerin duk yum plug-ins da kwatancensu ta amfani da wannan umarni.

# yum search yum-plugin

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Repodata is over 2 weeks old. Install yum-cron? Or run: yum makecache fast
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirror.sov.uk.goscomb.net
 * epel: www.mirrorservice.org
 * extras: mirror.sov.uk.goscomb.net
 * updates: mirror.sov.uk.goscomb.net
========================================================================= N/S matched: yum-plugin ==========================================================================
PackageKit-yum-plugin.x86_64 : Tell PackageKit to check for updates when yum exits
fusioninventory-agent-yum-plugin.noarch : Ask FusionInventory agent to send an inventory when yum exits
kabi-yum-plugins.noarch : The CentOS Linux kernel ABI yum plugin
yum-plugin-aliases.noarch : Yum plugin to enable aliases filters
yum-plugin-auto-update-debug-info.noarch : Yum plugin to enable automatic updates to installed debuginfo packages
yum-plugin-changelog.noarch : Yum plugin for viewing package changelogs before/after updating
yum-plugin-fastestmirror.noarch : Yum plugin which chooses fastest repository from a mirrorlist
yum-plugin-filter-data.noarch : Yum plugin to list filter based on package data
yum-plugin-fs-snapshot.noarch : Yum plugin to automatically snapshot your filesystems during updates
yum-plugin-keys.noarch : Yum plugin to deal with signing keys
yum-plugin-list-data.noarch : Yum plugin to list aggregate package data
yum-plugin-local.noarch : Yum plugin to automatically manage a local repo. of downloaded packages
yum-plugin-merge-conf.noarch : Yum plugin to merge configuration changes when installing packages
yum-plugin-ovl.noarch : Yum plugin to work around overlayfs issues
yum-plugin-post-transaction-actions.noarch : Yum plugin to run arbitrary commands when certain pkgs are acted on
yum-plugin-priorities.noarch : plugin to give priorities to packages from different repos
yum-plugin-protectbase.noarch : Yum plugin to protect packages from certain repositories.
yum-plugin-ps.noarch : Yum plugin to look at processes, with respect to packages
yum-plugin-remove-with-leaves.noarch : Yum plugin to remove dependencies which are no longer used because of a removal
yum-plugin-rpm-warm-cache.noarch : Yum plugin to access the rpmdb files early to warm up access to the db
yum-plugin-show-leaves.noarch : Yum plugin which shows newly installed leaf packages
yum-plugin-tmprepo.noarch : Yum plugin to add temporary repositories
yum-plugin-tsflags.noarch : Yum plugin to add tsflags by a commandline option
yum-plugin-upgrade-helper.noarch : Yum plugin to help upgrades to the next distribution version
yum-plugin-verify.noarch : Yum plugin to add verify command, and options
yum-plugin-versionlock.noarch : Yum plugin to lock specified packages from being updated

Don shigar da plug-in, yi amfani da wannan hanya don shigar da fakiti. Misali za mu shigar da plug-in canji wanda ake amfani da shi don nuna canje-canjen fakiti kafin/bayan sabuntawa.

# yum install yum-plugin-changelog

Da zarar kun shigar, za a kunna canjin log ta tsohuwa, don tabbatar da bincika fayil ɗin sanyi.

# vi /etc/yum/pluginconf.d/changelog.conf

Yanzu zaku iya duba canjin log don kunshin (httpd a cikin wannan yanayin) kamar wannan.

# yum changelog httpd

Loaded plugins: changelog, fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.linode.com
 * epel: mirror.freethought-internet.co.uk
 * extras: mirrors.linode.com
 * updates: mirrors.linode.com

Listing all changelogs

==================== Installed Packages ====================
httpd-2.4.6-45.el7.centos.4.x86_64       installed
* Wed Apr 12 17:30:00 2017 CentOS Sources <[email > - 2.4.6-45.el7.centos.4
- Remove index.html, add centos-noindex.tar.gz
- change vstring
- change symlink for poweredby.png
- update welcome.conf with proper aliases
...

Kashe YUM Plug-ins a Layin Umurni

Kamar yadda aka fada a baya, za mu iya kashe ɗaya ko fiye plug-ins yayin gudanar da yum umarni ta amfani da waɗannan mahimman zaɓuɓɓuka guda biyu.

  • --noplgins - yana kashe duk plug-ins
  • --disableplugin=plugin_name - yana kashe plug-ins guda ɗaya

Kuna iya kashe duk plug-ins kamar yadda yake cikin wannan yum umurnin.

# yum search --noplugins yum-plugin

Umurni na gaba yana hana plug-in, mafi sauri mirrorror yayin shigar da kunshin httpd.

# yum install --disableplugin=fastestmirror httpd

Loaded plugins: changelog
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-45.el7.centos.4 will be updated
--> Processing Dependency: httpd = 2.4.6-45.el7.centos.4 for package: 1:mod_ssl-2.4.6-45.el7.centos.4.x86_64
---> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-67.el7.centos.6 will be an update
...

Shi ke nan a yanzu! kuna iya son karanta waɗannan labarai masu alaƙa da YUM masu zuwa.

  1. Yadda ake amfani da ‘Yum History’ don gano bayanan fakitin da aka shigar ko cirewa
  2. Yadda ake Gyara Kuskuren Yum: Hoton Disk Database ya lalace

A cikin wannan jagorar, mun nuna yadda ake kunna, daidaitawa ko kashe plug-ins mai sarrafa fakitin YUM a cikin CentOS/RHEL 7. Yi amfani da hanyar sharhi da ke ƙasa don yin kowace tambaya ko raba ra'ayoyinku game da wannan labarin.