10 Strace Umarnin don Shirya matsala da Gyara Tsarin Linux
strace kayan aiki ne mai ƙarfi na layin umarni don gyarawa da shirye-shiryen harbi matsala a cikin tsarin aiki kamar Unix kamar Linux. Yana ɗauka da yin rikodin duk kiran tsarin da aka yi ta hanyar tsari da siginonin da tsarin ya karɓa.
Yana nuna sunan kowane tsarin kira tare da gardama da ke ƙunshe a cikin baƙar fata da ƙimar dawowar sa zuwa daidaitaccen kuskure; za ka iya da zaɓin tura shi zuwa fayil kuma.
A cikin wannan labarin, za mu bayyana misalan umarni na strace 10 don gyara matsala da shirye-shirye da matakai a cikin tsarin Linux.
Yadda ake Sanya Kayan aikin Kula da Tsari na Strace a cikin Linux
Idan ba a riga an shigar da strace akan tsarin Linux ɗin ku ba, gudanar da umarnin da ya dace a ƙasa don rarraba ku, don shigar da shi.
$ sudo apt install strace #Debian/Ubuntu # yum install strace #RHEL/CentOS # dnf install strace #Fedora 22+
Idan shirin ya yi karo ko ya yi ta hanyar da ba a zata ba, zaku iya bibiyar kiran tsarin sa don samun ma'anar ainihin abin da ya faru yayin aiwatar da shi. Kamar yadda za mu gani daga baya, za a iya rarraba kiran tsarin a ƙarƙashin abubuwan da suka faru daban-daban: waɗanda ke da alaƙa da sarrafa tsari, waɗanda ke ɗaukar fayil azaman hujja, waɗanda suka haɗa da hanyar sadarwa, taswirar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, sigina, IPC da ma bayanin bayanan tsarin kiran tsarin.
Kuna iya ko dai gudanar da shirin/umurni tare da madaidaicin ko wuce PID zuwa gare shi ta amfani da zaɓin -p kamar a cikin misalai masu zuwa.
1. Bincika Kiran Tsarin Umurnin Linux
Kuna iya aiwatar da umarni kawai tare da irin wannan, anan muna bin diddigin duk kiran tsarin da umarnin df yayi.
$ strace df -h
execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0
brk(NULL) = 0x136e000
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000
close(3) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "7ELF$ strace df -h
execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0
brk(NULL) = 0x136e000
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000
close(3) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000
...
$ strace df -h
execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0
brk(NULL) = 0x136e000
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000
close(3) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000
...
$ strace df -h
execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0
brk(NULL) = 0x136e000
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000
close(3) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000
...
$ strace df -h
execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0
brk(NULL) = 0x136e000
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000
close(3) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000
...
$ strace df -h
execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0
brk(NULL) = 0x136e000
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000
close(3) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000
...
$ strace df -h
execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0
brk(NULL) = 0x136e000
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000
close(3) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000
...
$ strace df -h
execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0
brk(NULL) = 0x136e000
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000
close(3) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000
...
$ strace df -h
execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0
brk(NULL) = 0x136e000
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000
close(3) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000
...
$ strace df -h
execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0
brk(NULL) = 0x136e000
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000
close(3) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000
...
$ strace df -h
execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0
brk(NULL) = 0x136e000
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000
close(3) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000
...
$ strace df -h
execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0
brk(NULL) = 0x136e000
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000
close(3) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000
...
$ strace df -h
execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0
brk(NULL) = 0x136e000
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000
close(3) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000
...
$ strace df -h
execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0
brk(NULL) = 0x136e000
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000
close(3) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000
...
$ strace df -h
execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0
brk(NULL) = 0x136e000
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000
close(3) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000
...
$ strace df -h
execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0
brk(NULL) = 0x136e000
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000
close(3) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000
...
$ strace df -h
execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0
brk(NULL) = 0x136e000
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000
close(3) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000
...
$ strace df -h
execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0
brk(NULL) = 0x136e000
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000
close(3) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000
...
$ strace df -h
execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 50 vars */]) = 0
brk(NULL) = 0x136e000
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f82f78fd000
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78d8000
close(3) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f7310000
...
Daga fitarwar da ke sama, zaku iya ganin nau'ikan kiran tsarin da aka yi ta umarnin df, misali.
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
Inda:
- bude - shine nau'in kiran tsarin
- (/etc/ld.so.cache, O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) - hujjar kiran tsarin
- 3 - ƙimar dawowar kiran tsarin
A ƙasa akwai samfurin samfurin da ke nuna kiran tsarin rubutawa, wanda ke nuna fitowar umarni df akan allon.
mmap(NULL, 26258, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, 3, 0) = 0x7f82f78f5000
close(3) = 0
fstat(1, {st_mode=S_IFCHR|0620, st_rdev=makedev(136, 1), ...}) = 0
write(1, "Filesystem Size Used Avail"..., 49Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
) = 49
write(1, "udev 3.9G 0 3.9G"..., 43udev 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev
) = 43
write(1, "tmpfs 788M 9.6M 779M"..., 43tmpfs 788M 9.6M 779M 2% /run
) = 43
write(1, "/dev/sda10 324G 252G 56G"..., 40/dev/sda10 324G 252G 56G 82% /
) = 40
write(1, "tmpfs 3.9G 104M 3.8G"..., 47tmpfs 3.9G 104M 3.8G 3% /dev/shm
) = 47
write(1, "tmpfs 5.0M 4.0K 5.0M"..., 48tmpfs 5.0M 4.0K 5.0M 1% /run/lock
) = 48
write(1, "tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G"..., 53tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
) = 53
write(1, "cgmfs 100K 0 100K"..., 56cgmfs 100K 0 100K 0% /run/cgmanager/fs
) = 56
write(1, "tmpfs 788M 36K 788M"..., 53tmpfs 788M 36K 788M 1% /run/user/1000
) = 53
close(1) = 0
close(2) = 0
exit_group(0) = ?
+++ exited with 0 +++
2. Race Tsarin Linux PID
Idan tsari ya riga ya gudana, zaku iya gano shi ta hanyar wuce PID ɗinsa kawai kamar haka; wannan zai cika allonku tare da ci gaba da fitarwa wanda ke nuna kiran tsarin da tsarin ke yi, don ƙare shi, danna [Ctrl + C] .
$ sudo strace -p 3569
strace: Process 3569 attached
restart_syscall(<... resuming interrupted poll ...>) = 1
recvmsg(4, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(1)=[{"U0!70$ sudo strace -p 3569
strace: Process 3569 attached
restart_syscall(<... resuming interrupted poll ...>) = 1
recvmsg(4, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(1)=[{"U\2\24\300!\247\330\0\3\24\4\0\20\0\0\0\0\0\0\24\24\24\24\24\0\0\3\37%\2\0\0", 4096}], msg_controllen=0, msg_flags=0}, 0) = 32
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf870, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, -1) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}])
read(31, "\372", 1) = 1
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}])
read(31, "\372", 1) = 1
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 0 (Timeout)
mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -p 3569
strace: Process 3569 attached
restart_syscall(<... resuming interrupted poll ...>) = 1
recvmsg(4, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(1)=[{"U\2\24\300!\247\330\0\3\24\4\0\20\0\0\0\0\0\0\24\24\24\24\24\0\0\3\37%\2\0\0", 4096}], msg_controllen=0, msg_flags=0}, 0) = 32
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf870, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, -1) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}])
read(31, "\372", 1) = 1
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}])
read(31, "\372", 1) = 1
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 0 (Timeout)
mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -p 3569
strace: Process 3569 attached
restart_syscall(<... resuming interrupted poll ...>) = 1
recvmsg(4, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(1)=[{"U\2\24\300!\247\330\0\3\24\4\0\20\0\0\0\0\0\0\24\24\24\24\24\0\0\3\37%\2\0\0", 4096}], msg_controllen=0, msg_flags=0}, 0) = 32
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf870, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, -1) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}])
read(31, "\372", 1) = 1
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}])
read(31, "\372", 1) = 1
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 0 (Timeout)
mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -p 3569
strace: Process 3569 attached
restart_syscall(<... resuming interrupted poll ...>) = 1
recvmsg(4, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(1)=[{"U\2\24\300!\247\330\0\3\24\4\0\20\0\0\0\0\0\0\24\24\24\24\24\0\0\3\37%\2\0\0", 4096}], msg_controllen=0, msg_flags=0}, 0) = 32
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf870, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, -1) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}])
read(31, "\372", 1) = 1
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}])
read(31, "\372", 1) = 1
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 0 (Timeout)
mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -p 3569
strace: Process 3569 attached
restart_syscall(<... resuming interrupted poll ...>) = 1
recvmsg(4, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(1)=[{"U\2\24\300!\247\330\0\3\24\4\0\20\0\0\0\0\0\0\24\24\24\24\24\0\0\3\37%\2\0\0", 4096}], msg_controllen=0, msg_flags=0}, 0) = 32
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf870, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, -1) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}])
read(31, "\372", 1) = 1
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}])
read(31, "\372", 1) = 1
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 0 (Timeout)
mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -p 3569
strace: Process 3569 attached
restart_syscall(<... resuming interrupted poll ...>) = 1
recvmsg(4, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(1)=[{"U\2\24\300!\247\330\0\3\24\4\0\20\0\0\0\0\0\0\24\24\24\24\24\0\0\3\37%\2\0\0", 4096}], msg_controllen=0, msg_flags=0}, 0) = 32
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf870, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, -1) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}])
read(31, "\372", 1) = 1
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}])
read(31, "\372", 1) = 1
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 0 (Timeout)
mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -p 3569
strace: Process 3569 attached
restart_syscall(<... resuming interrupted poll ...>) = 1
recvmsg(4, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(1)=[{"U\2\24\300!\247\330\0\3\24\4\0\20\0\0\0\0\0\0\24\24\24\24\24\0\0\3\37%\2\0\0", 4096}], msg_controllen=0, msg_flags=0}, 0) = 32
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf870, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, -1) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}])
read(31, "\372", 1) = 1
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}])
read(31, "\372", 1) = 1
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 0 (Timeout)
mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -p 3569
strace: Process 3569 attached
restart_syscall(<... resuming interrupted poll ...>) = 1
recvmsg(4, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(1)=[{"U\2\24\300!\247\330\0\3\24\4\0\20\0\0\0\0\0\0\24\24\24\24\24\0\0\3\37%\2\0\0", 4096}], msg_controllen=0, msg_flags=0}, 0) = 32
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf870, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, -1) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}])
read(31, "\372", 1) = 1
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}])
read(31, "\372", 1) = 1
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 0 (Timeout)
mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -p 3569
strace: Process 3569 attached
restart_syscall(<... resuming interrupted poll ...>) = 1
recvmsg(4, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(1)=[{"U\2\24\300!\247\330\0\3\24\4\0\20\0\0\0\0\0\0\24\24\24\24\24\0\0\3\37%\2\0\0", 4096}], msg_controllen=0, msg_flags=0}, 0) = 32
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf870, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, -1) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}])
read(31, "\372", 1) = 1
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}])
read(31, "\372", 1) = 1
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 0 (Timeout)
mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -p 3569
strace: Process 3569 attached
restart_syscall(<... resuming interrupted poll ...>) = 1
recvmsg(4, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(1)=[{"U\2\24\300!\247\330\0\3\24\4\0\20\0\0\0\0\0\0\24\24\24\24\24\0\0\3\37%\2\0\0", 4096}], msg_controllen=0, msg_flags=0}, 0) = 32
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf870, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, -1) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}])
read(31, "\372", 1) = 1
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}])
read(31, "\372", 1) = 1
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 0 (Timeout)
mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -p 3569
strace: Process 3569 attached
restart_syscall(<... resuming interrupted poll ...>) = 1
recvmsg(4, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(1)=[{"U\2\24\300!\247\330\0\3\24\4\0\20\0\0\0\0\0\0\24\24\24\24\24\0\0\3\37%\2\0\0", 4096}], msg_controllen=0, msg_flags=0}, 0) = 32
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf870, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, -1) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}])
read(31, "\372", 1) = 1
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}])
read(31, "\372", 1) = 1
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 0 (Timeout)
mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -p 3569
strace: Process 3569 attached
restart_syscall(<... resuming interrupted poll ...>) = 1
recvmsg(4, {msg_name(0)=NULL, msg_iov(1)=[{"U\2\24\300!\247\330\0\3\24\4\0\20\0\0\0\0\0\0\24\24\24\24\24\0\0\3\37%\2\0\0", 4096}], msg_controllen=0, msg_flags=0}, 0) = 32
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf870, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, -1) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}])
read(31, "\372", 1) = 1
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 1 ([{fd=31, revents=POLLIN}])
read(31, "\372", 1) = 1
recvmsg(4, 0x7ffee4dbf850, 0) = -1 EAGAIN (Resource temporarily unavailable)
poll([{fd=3, events=POLLIN}, {fd=4, events=POLLIN}, {fd=5, events=POLLIN}, {fd=10, events=POLLIN}, {fd=30, events=POLLIN}, {fd=31, events=POLLIN}], 6, 0) = 0 (Timeout)
mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa20000, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE) = 0
mprotect(0x207faa21000, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC) = 0
...
3. Samun Takaitaccen Tsari na Linux
Yin amfani da tutar -c, zaku iya samar da rahoton jimlar lokaci, kira, da kurakurai don kowane kiran tsarin, kamar haka.
$ sudo strace -c -p 3569
strace: Process 3569 attached
^Cstrace: Process 3569 detached
% time seconds usecs/call calls errors syscall
------ ----------- ----------- --------- --------- ----------------
99.73 0.016000 8 1971 poll
0.16 0.000025 0 509 75 futex
0.06 0.000010 0 1985 1966 recvmsg
0.06 0.000009 0 2336 mprotect
0.00 0.000000 0 478 read
0.00 0.000000 0 13 write
0.00 0.000000 0 29 mmap
0.00 0.000000 0 9 munmap
0.00 0.000000 0 18 writev
0.00 0.000000 0 351 madvise
0.00 0.000000 0 1 restart_syscall
------ ----------- ----------- --------- --------- ----------------
100.00 0.016044 7700 2041 total
4. Buga Nuni na Umarni Yayin Kiran Tsarin
Zaɓin -i yana nuna alamar koyarwa a lokacin kowane kiran tsarin da shirin ya yi.
$ sudo strace -i df -h
[00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
[00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000
[00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "7ELF$ sudo strace -i df -h
[00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
[00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000
[00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000
[00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -i df -h
[00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
[00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000
[00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000
[00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -i df -h
[00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
[00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000
[00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000
[00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -i df -h
[00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
[00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000
[00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000
[00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -i df -h
[00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
[00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000
[00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000
[00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -i df -h
[00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
[00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000
[00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000
[00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -i df -h
[00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
[00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000
[00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000
[00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -i df -h
[00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
[00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000
[00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000
[00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -i df -h
[00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
[00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000
[00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000
[00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -i df -h
[00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
[00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000
[00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000
[00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -i df -h
[00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
[00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000
[00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000
[00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -i df -h
[00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
[00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000
[00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000
[00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -i df -h
[00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
[00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000
[00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000
[00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -i df -h
[00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
[00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000
[00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000
[00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -i df -h
[00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
[00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000
[00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000
[00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -i df -h
[00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
[00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000
[00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000
[00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -i df -h
[00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
[00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000
[00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000
[00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -i df -h
[00007f0d7534c777] execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
[00007faf9cafa4b9] brk(NULL) = 0x12f0000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7faf9cd03000
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9ccde000
[00007faf9cafb427] close(3) = 0
[00007faf9cafb387] access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
[00007faf9cafb327] open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
[00007faf9cafb347] read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
[00007faf9cafb2b4] fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
[00007faf9cafb47a] mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7faf9c716000
[00007faf9cafb517] mprotect(0x7faf9c8d6000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
5. Nuna Lokacin Rana Don Kowane Layin Fitar da Rana
Hakanan zaka iya buga lokacin rana don kowane layi a cikin abubuwan da aka fitar, ta wuce alamar -t.
$ sudo strace -t df -h
15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000
15:19:25 close(3) = 0
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 read(3, "7ELF$ sudo strace -t df -h
15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000
15:19:25 close(3) = 0
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000
15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -t df -h
15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000
15:19:25 close(3) = 0
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000
15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -t df -h
15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000
15:19:25 close(3) = 0
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000
15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -t df -h
15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000
15:19:25 close(3) = 0
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000
15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -t df -h
15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000
15:19:25 close(3) = 0
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000
15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -t df -h
15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000
15:19:25 close(3) = 0
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000
15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -t df -h
15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000
15:19:25 close(3) = 0
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000
15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -t df -h
15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000
15:19:25 close(3) = 0
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000
15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -t df -h
15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000
15:19:25 close(3) = 0
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000
15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -t df -h
15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000
15:19:25 close(3) = 0
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000
15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -t df -h
15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000
15:19:25 close(3) = 0
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000
15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -t df -h
15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000
15:19:25 close(3) = 0
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000
15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -t df -h
15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000
15:19:25 close(3) = 0
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000
15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -t df -h
15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000
15:19:25 close(3) = 0
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000
15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -t df -h
15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000
15:19:25 close(3) = 0
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000
15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -t df -h
15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000
15:19:25 close(3) = 0
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000
15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -t df -h
15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000
15:19:25 close(3) = 0
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000
15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
$ sudo strace -t df -h
15:19:25 execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
15:19:25 brk(NULL) = 0x234c000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1d9000
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7f1b4000
15:19:25 close(3) = 0
15:19:25 access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
15:19:25 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
15:19:25 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\3\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0P\t\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832
15:19:25 fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0755, st_size=1868984, ...}) = 0
15:19:25 mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7f8c7ebec000
15:19:25 mprotect(0x7f8c7edac000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
...
6. Buga Lokacin Umurnin da Aka kashe a Kiran Tsarin
Don nuna bambancin lokaci tsakanin farawa da ƙarshen kowane tsarin kiran da shirin yayi, yi amfani da zaɓin -T.
$ sudo strace -T df -h
execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0 <0.000287>
brk(NULL) = 0xeca000 <0.000035>
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) <0.000028>
mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7f9aff2b1000 <0.000020>
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory) <0.000019>
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 <0.000022>
fstat(3, {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=147662, ...}) = 0 <0.000015>
mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7f9aff28c000 <0.000019>
close(3) = 0 <0.000014>
...
7. Binciko Takamaiman Kiran Tsari
A cikin umarnin da ke ƙasa, an san trace=write a matsayin furci mai cancanta, inda alama ta cancanta (wasu sun haɗa da sigina, abbrev, verbose, raw, karanta, ko rubuta). Anan, rubuta shine ƙimar cancantar.
Umurnin da ke gaba yana nuna ainihin kiran tsarin don buga fitar da df akan daidaitaccen fitarwa.
$ sudo strace -e trace=write df -h
write(1, "Filesystem Size Used Avail"..., 49Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
) = 49
write(1, "udev 3.9G 0 3.9G"..., 43udev 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev
) = 43
write(1, "tmpfs 788M 9.6M 779M"..., 43tmpfs 788M 9.6M 779M 2% /run
) = 43
write(1, "/dev/sda10 324G 252G 56G"..., 40/dev/sda10 324G 252G 56G 82% /
) = 40
write(1, "tmpfs 3.9G 104M 3.8G"..., 47tmpfs 3.9G 104M 3.8G 3% /dev/shm
) = 47
write(1, "tmpfs 5.0M 4.0K 5.0M"..., 48tmpfs 5.0M 4.0K 5.0M 1% /run/lock
) = 48
write(1, "tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G"..., 53tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
) = 53
write(1, "cgmfs 100K 0 100K"..., 56cgmfs 100K 0 100K 0% /run/cgmanager/fs
) = 56
write(1, "tmpfs 788M 28K 788M"..., 53tmpfs 788M 28K 788M 1% /run/user/1000
) = 53
+++ exited with 0 +++
Anan akwai wasu ƙarin umarni game da cancantar gano alama.
$ sudo strace -e trace=open,close df -h
$ sudo strace -e trace=open,close,read,write df -h
$ sudo strace -e trace=all df -h
8. Neman Kiran Tsarin Kira bisa Wani Wani Sharadi
Bari mu kalli yadda ake bin diddigin kiran tsarin da suka shafi wani nau'in abubuwan da aka bayar. Ana iya amfani da wannan umarnin don gano duk kiran tsarin da ya shafi sarrafa tsari.
$ sudo strace -q -e trace=process df -h
execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
arch_prctl(ARCH_SET_FS, 0x7fe2222ff700) = 0
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 788M 9.6M 779M 2% /run
/dev/sda10 324G 252G 56G 82% /
tmpfs 3.9G 104M 3.8G 3% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 4.0K 5.0M 1% /run/lock
tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
cgmfs 100K 0 100K 0% /run/cgmanager/fs
tmpfs 788M 28K 788M 1% /run/user/1000
exit_group(0) = ?
+++ exited with 0 +++
Na gaba, don gano duk kiran tsarin da ke ɗaukar sunan fayil azaman hujja, gudanar da wannan umarni.
$ sudo strace -q -e trace=file df -h
execve("/bin/df", ["df", "-h"], [/* 17 vars */]) = 0
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
access("/etc/ld.so.preload", R_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
access("/etc/ld.so.nohwcap", F_OK) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)
open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
open("/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
open("/usr/share/locale/locale.alias", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3
...
Don gano duk kiran tsarin da ya ƙunshi taswirar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, rubuta.
$ sudo strace -q -e trace=memory df -h
brk(NULL) = 0x77a000
mmap(NULL, 8192, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fe8f4658000
mmap(NULL, 147662, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7fe8f4633000
mmap(NULL, 3971488, PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0) = 0x7fe8f406b000
mprotect(0x7fe8f422b000, 2097152, PROT_NONE) = 0
mmap(0x7fe8f442b000, 24576, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_DENYWRITE, 3, 0x1c0000) = 0x7fe8f442b000
mmap(0x7fe8f4431000, 14752, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_FIXED|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fe8f4431000
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fe8f4632000
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fe8f4631000
mmap(NULL, 4096, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0) = 0x7fe8f4630000
mprotect(0x7fe8f442b000, 16384, PROT_READ) = 0
mprotect(0x616000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0
mprotect(0x7fe8f465a000, 4096, PROT_READ) = 0
munmap(0x7fe8f4633000, 147662) = 0
mmap(NULL, 2981280, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7fe8f3d93000
brk(NULL) = 0x77a000
brk(0x79b000) = 0x79b000
mmap(NULL, 619, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, 3, 0) = 0x7fe8f4657000
mmap(NULL, 26258, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, 3, 0) = 0x7fe8f4650000
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 788M 9.6M 779M 2% /run
/dev/sda10 324G 252G 56G 82% /
tmpfs 3.9G 104M 3.8G 3% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 4.0K 5.0M 1% /run/lock
tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
cgmfs 100K 0 100K 0% /run/cgmanager/fs
tmpfs 788M 28K 788M 1% /run/user/1000
+++ exited with 0 +++
Kuna iya nemo duk hanyar sadarwa da kiran tsarin da ke da alaƙa.
$ sudo strace -e trace=network df -h
$ sudo strace -e trace=signal df -h
9. Mayar da Fitar da Bidiyo zuwa Fayil
Don rubuta saƙon alamar da aka aika zuwa daidaitaccen kuskure zuwa fayil, yi amfani da zaɓin -o. Wannan yana nufin cewa fitarwar umarni kawai ake buga akan allon kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa.
$ sudo strace -o df_debug.txt df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
udev 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 788M 9.6M 779M 2% /run
/dev/sda10 324G 252G 56G 82% /
tmpfs 3.9G 104M 3.8G 3% /dev/shm
tmpfs 5.0M 4.0K 5.0M 1% /run/lock
tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
cgmfs 100K 0 100K 0% /run/cgmanager/fs
tmpfs 788M 28K 788M 1% /run/user/1000
Don duba cikin fayil ɗin, yi amfani da umarnin cat.
$ cat df_debug.txt
10. Nuna Wasu Fitowar Matsalolin Matsala
Don nuna bayanan gyara don kayan aikin strace, yi amfani da tutar -d.
$ strace -d df -h
Don ƙarin bayani, duba shafin strace man.
$ man strace
Hakanan karanta waɗannan labarai masu alaƙa da amfani:
- Kayan Aikin Layin Umurni 20 don Kula da Ayyukan Linux
- Sysdig – Kayan aiki mai ƙarfi na Kulawa da Shirya matsala don Linux
- Yadda ake Neman aiwatar da umarni a cikin Rubutun Shell tare da Binciken Shell
- BCC - Kayan aikin Bincike Mai Tsaru don Kulawa da Ayyukan Linux, Sadarwar Sadarwa da ƙari
A ƙarshe, strace kayan aiki ne na ban mamaki don gano dalilin (s) na gazawar shirin: yana da ƙarfi mai lalata da harbi. A zahiri yana da amfani ga ƙwararrun masu gudanar da tsarin, masu shirye-shirye da masu satar bayanai. Don raba kowane tunani game da wannan labarin, yi amfani da fom ɗin amsa da ke ƙasa.