FreeBSD 11.1 Jagoran Shigarwa
FreeBSD kyauta ne, mai ƙarfi, mai ƙarfi, sassauƙa da tsayayyen tsarin aiki na Open Source dangane da Unix wanda aka tsara tare da tsaro da sauri a zuciya.
FreeBSD na iya aiki akan ɗimbin gine-ginen CPU na zamani kuma yana iya sarrafa sabar, teburi da wasu nau'ikan tsarin da aka haɗa na al'ada, mafi shahara shine Raspberry PI SBC. Kamar yadda yake a cikin Linux, FreeBSD yana zuwa tare da tarin fakitin software da aka riga aka haɗa, fiye da fakiti 20,000, waɗanda za a iya shigar da su kawai a cikin tsarin daga ma'ajiyar su, da ake kira Ports.
- Zazzage FreeBSD 11.1 CD 1 Hoton ISO
Wannan koyawa za ta jagorance ku kan yadda ake shigar da sabuwar sigar FreeBSD akan injin amd64. Yawanci wannan shigarwa yana rufe sigar layin umarni kawai na tsarin aiki, wanda ya sa ya fi dacewa da sabobin.
Idan ba kwa buƙatar shigarwa na al'ada, za ku iya tsallake tsarin shigarwa kuma zazzagewa da gudanar da hoton Injin Virtual wanda aka riga aka yi don VMware, VirtualBox, QEMU-KVM ko Hyper-V.
Jagoran Shigar FreeBSD
1. Da farko, sami sabon hoton FreeBSD CD 1 ISO da aka fitar daga shafin saukar da FreeBSD kuma a ƙone shi zuwa CD.
Sanya hoton CD cikin injin CD/DVD ɗin ku kuma sake kunna injin ɗin zuwa yanayin BIOS/UEFI ko jerin menu na taya ta latsa maɓalli na musamman (yawanci esc, F2, F11 , F12) yayin jerin kunna wuta.
Umurci BIOS/UEFI don amfani da CD/DVD ɗin da ya dace don taya daga kuma allon farko na tsarin shigarwa ya kamata a nuna akan allonku.
Danna maɓallin [Shigar da] don fara aikin shigarwa.
2. A allon na gaba zaɓi Shigar zaɓi kuma danna [Enter] don ci gaba.
3. Zaɓi shimfidar madannai na ku daga lissafin kuma danna [Enter] don ci gaba tare da tsarin shigarwa.
4. Na gaba, rubuta sunan siffata don sunan mai masaukin injin ku kuma danna [Enter] don ci gaba.
5. A allon na gaba zaɓi abubuwan da kuke son sanyawa a cikin tsarin ta danna maɓallin [space]. Don uwar garken samarwa ana ba da shawarar ku zaɓi ɗakunan karatu masu dacewa da lib32 kawai da itacen Tashoshi.
Latsa maɓalli [enter] bayan kun yi zaɓin ku don ci gaba.
6. Na gaba zaɓi hanyar da za a raba rumbun kwamfutarka. Zaɓi Auto - Tsarin Fayil na Unix - Saitin Disk mai Jagora kuma danna maɓallin [shigar] don matsawa zuwa allo na gaba.
Idan kuna da diski fiye da ɗaya kuma kuna buƙatar tsarin fayil mai juriya yakamata ku zaɓi hanyar ZFS. Koyaya, wannan jagorar zata rufe tsarin fayil ɗin UFS kawai.
7. A allon na gaba zaɓi don yin shigarwar FreeBSD OS a kan dukkan diski kuma danna maɓallin [shigar da] don ci gaba.
Koyaya, ku sani cewa wannan zaɓin yana da lalata kuma zai share duk bayanan diski gaba ɗaya. Idan faifan yana riƙe da bayanai, yakamata ku yi wariyar ajiya kafin ci gaba da gaba.
8. Na gaba, zaži ku hard disk partition layout. Idan injin ku yana tushen UEFI kuma an aiwatar da shigarwa daga yanayin UEFI (ba CSM ko Yanayin Legacy ba) ko faifan ya fi 2TB girma, dole ne kuyi amfani da tebur ɓangaren GPT.
Hakanan, ana ba da shawarar musaki zaɓin Secure Boot daga menu na UEFI idan an yi shigarwa a yanayin UEFI. Idan akwai tsofaffin kayan masarufi zaku iya raba diski a cikin tsarin MBR.
9. A cikin allo na gaba sake duba tebur ɗin da aka ƙirƙira ta atomatik na tsarin ku kuma kewaya zuwa Gama ta amfani da maɓallin [tab] don karɓar canje-canje.
Latsa [shigar] don ci gaba kuma a kan sabon allon buɗewa zaɓi Ƙaddamarwa don fara ingantaccen tsarin shigarwa. Tsarin shigarwa na iya ɗaukar daga mintuna 10 zuwa 30 dangane da albarkatun injin ku da saurin HDD.
10. Bayan mai sakawa ya cire ya rubuta bayanan tsarin aiki zuwa injin injin ku, za a sa ka saka kalmar sirri don tushen asusun.
Zaɓi kalmar sirri mai ƙarfi don tushen asusun kuma danna [shigar] don ci gaba. Ba za a sake maimaita kalmar wucewa akan allon ba.
11. A mataki na gaba, zaɓi cibiyar sadarwar da kake son saitawa sannan danna [enter] don saita NIC.
12. Zaɓi don amfani da ka'idar IPv4 don NIC ɗin ku kuma zaɓi don saita hanyar sadarwar cibiyar sadarwa da hannu tare da adireshi na IP ta tsaye ta hanyar warware ka'idar DHCP kamar yadda aka kwatanta a cikin hotunan hotunan da ke ƙasa.
13. Na gaba, ƙara saitunan IP na cibiyar sadarwar ku (IP address, netmask da gateway) don wannan ƙirar kuma danna maɓallin [shigar da] don ci gaba.
14. Idan kayan aikin cibiyar sadarwa a wuraren ku (switchs, routers, servers, firewalls da dai sauransu) sun dogara ne akan IPv4 to babu ma'ana akan daidaita tsarin IPv6 na wannan NIC. Zaɓi A'a daga saurin IPv6 don ci gaba.
15. Ƙarshen hanyar sadarwa ta ƙarshe don injin ku ya haɗa da kafa mai warware DNS. Ƙara sunan yankin ku don warwarewar gida, idan haka ne, da adiresoshin IP na sabar DNS guda biyu da kuke gudana a cikin hanyar sadarwar ku, amfani da su don warware sunayen yanki, ko amfani da adiresoshin IP na wasu sabar caching DNS na jama'a. Idan kun gama, danna Ok don adana canje-canje kuma matsa gaba.
16. Bayan haka, daga zaɓin yankin lokaci zaɓi yankin zahiri inda injin ku yake kuma danna Ok.
17. Zaɓi ƙasarku daga lissafin kuma karɓi gajarta don saitin lokacinku.
18. Na gaba, daidaita saitin kwanan wata da lokacin don injin ku idan haka ne yanayin ko zaɓi Tsallake saitin idan an daidaita lokacin tsarin ku daidai.
19. A mataki na gaba zaɓi ta hanyar buga [space] maɓallan daemons masu zuwa don gudanar da tsarin-fadi: SSH, NTP da kunnawa.
Zaɓi sabis mai ƙarfi idan injin CPU ɗin ku yana goyan bayan ikon daidaitawa. Idan an shigar da FreeBSD a ƙarƙashin injin kama-da-wane za ku iya tsallake sabis na farawa mai ƙarfi yayin jerin ƙaddamar da tsarin.
Hakanan, idan ba ku haɗa cikin injin ku da nisa ba, zaku iya tsallake sabis ɗin SSH farawa ta atomatik yayin boot ɗin tsarin. Idan kun gama danna Ok don ci gaba.
20. A allo na gaba, duba waɗannan zaɓuɓɓukan don ƙara ɗan taurare tsarin tsaro na tsarinku: Kashe ajiyar saƙon kernel don masu amfani marasa gata, Kashe kayan aikin debogging don masu amfani marasa gata, Tsabtace tsarin fayil /tmp a farawa. , Kashe soket na cibiyar sadarwar Syslogd da sabis na Aika sako idan ba kwa shirin gudanar da sabar saƙon.
21. Na gaba, mai sakawa zai tambaye ku ko kuna son ƙara sabon mai amfani da tsarin. Zaɓi e kuma bi faɗakarwa don ƙara bayanin mai amfani. Yana da lafiya don barin saitunan tsoho don mai amfani ta latsa maɓallin [shirya].
Kuna iya zaɓar harsashi Bourne (sh) ko C ingantattun harsashi (tcsh) azaman tsohuwar harsashi don mai amfani da ku. Idan kun gama, amsa e a tambaya ta ƙarshe don ƙirƙirar mai amfani.
Da sauri zai tambaye ku ko kuna son ƙara wani mai amfani a cikin tsarin ku. Idan ba haka lamarin yake ba, amsa da no don ci gaba da matakin ƙarshe na tsarin shigarwa.
22. A ƙarshe, sabon allo zai samar da jerin zaɓuɓɓukan da za ku iya zaɓar don gyara tsarin tsarin ku. Idan ba ku da wani abin da za ku iya gyarawa akan tsarin ku, zaɓi zaɓi Fita don kammala shigarwa kuma amsa tare da no don kar ku buɗe sabon harsashi a cikin tsarin kuma buga. a kan Sake yi don sake kunna injin.
23. Cire hoton CD ɗin daga injin injin kuma danna [enter] a farkon faɗakarwa don fara tsarin kuma shiga cikin na'ura wasan bidiyo.
Taya murna! Yanzu kun shigar da tsarin aiki na FreeBSD a cikin injin ku. A cikin koyawa na gaba za mu tattauna wasu saitunan farko na FreeBSD da yadda ake sarrafa tsarin gaba daga layin umarni.