Yadda ake Sanya Cache 5.2 don Nginx akan CentOS 7


Cache na Varnish (wanda kuma ake kira Varnish) buɗaɗɗen tushe ne, babban mai haɓaka HTTP wanda aka ƙera don haɓaka sabar gidan yanar gizo. A cikin labaranmu na ƙarshe, mun bayyana yadda ake saita CentOS 8.

A cikin wannan labarin, za mu nuna maka yadda ake shigarwa da amfani da Varnish Cache a matsayin gaba-gaba zuwa uwar garken Nginx HTTP a cikin CentOS 7. Wannan jagorar ya kamata kuma yayi aiki akan RHEL 7.

  1. A CentOS 7 tare da shigar Apache
  2. A CentOS 7 tare da adireshi IP na tsaye

Mataki 1: Sanya Nginx Web Server akan CentOS 7

1. Fara ta hanyar shigar da uwar garken Nginx HTTP daga tsoffin wuraren ajiyar software na CentOS ta amfani da mai sarrafa fakitin YUM kamar haka.

# yum install nginx

2. Lokacin da shigarwa ya kammala, fara sabis na Nginx a yanzu kuma kunna shi don farawa ta atomatik a boot boot.

# systemctl start nginx
# systemctl enable nginx
# systemctl status nginx

3. Yanzu canza tsarin dokokin Tacewar zaɓi don ba da izinin fakiti masu shigowa a tashar jiragen ruwa 80 ta amfani da umarnin da ke ƙasa.

# firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-port=80/tcp
# firewall-cmd --reload
# firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-port=8080/tcp
# firewall-cmd --reload

Mataki 2: Shigar Cache Varnish akan CentOS 7

4. Yanzu akwai fakitin RPM da aka riga aka haɗa don sabon sigar Varnish Cache 6 (watau 6.5 a lokacin rubutawa), saboda haka kuna buƙatar ƙara ma'ajin Cache na hukuma.

Kafin haka, kuna buƙatar kunna ma'ajiyar EPEL don shigar da fakitin dogaro da yawa kamar yadda aka nuna.

# yum install -y epel-release

5. Na gaba, shigar da pygpgme, kunshin don kula da sa hannun GPG da yum-utils, tarin kayan aiki masu amfani waɗanda ke fadada fasalin yum na asali ta hanyoyi daban-daban.

# yum install pygpgme yum-utils

6. Yanzu ƙirƙiri fayil mai suna /etc/yum.repos.d/varnishcache_varnish5.repo wanda ya ƙunshi tsarin ma'ajin da ke ƙasa.

# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/varnishcache_varnish65.repo

Muhimmi: Tabbatar da maye gurbin el da 7 a cikin tsarin da ke ƙasa tare da rarraba Linux da sigar ku:

[varnishcache_varnish65]
name=varnishcache_varnish65
baseurl=https://packagecloud.io/varnishcache/varnish65/el/7/$basearch
repo_gpgcheck=1
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://packagecloud.io/varnishcache/varnish65/gpgkey
sslverify=1
sslcacert=/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
metadata_expire=300

[varnishcache_varnish65-source]
name=varnishcache_varnish65-source
baseurl=https://packagecloud.io/varnishcache/varnish65/el/7/SRPMS
repo_gpgcheck=1
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://packagecloud.io/varnishcache/varnish65/gpgkey
sslverify=1
sslcacert=/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt
metadata_expire=300

7. Yanzu gudanar da umarnin da ke ƙasa don sabunta cache na gida na yum kuma shigar da kunshin cache na varnish (kar ku manta da karɓar maɓallin GPG ta hanyar buga y ko e yayin shigar da na'urar. kunshin):

# yum -q makecache -y --disablerepo='*' --enablerepo='varnishcache_varnish65'
# yum install varnish 

8. Bayan shigar da Cache na Varnish, za a shigar da babban aiwatarwa azaman/usr/sbin/varnished da fayilolin sanyi na varnish suna cikin /etc/varnish/:

  • /etc/varnish/default.vcl – wannan shine babban fayil ɗin daidaitawar varnish, an rubuta ta ta amfani da harshen sanyi (VCL).

9. Yanzu fara sabis na varnish, ba shi damar farawa ta atomatik yayin boot ɗin tsarin, kuma tabbatar da matsayinsa don tabbatar da cewa yana aiki kamar haka.

# systemctl start varnish
# systemctl enable varnish
# systemctl status varnish

10. Kuna iya tabbatar da cewa shigarwar Varnish ya yi nasara ta ganin wurin da ake aiwatar da Varnish da sigar da aka sanya akan tsarin ku.

$ which varnishd
$ varnishd -V
varnishd (varnish-6.5.1 revision 1dae23376bb5ea7a6b8e9e4b9ed95cdc9469fb64)
Copyright (c) 2006 Verdens Gang AS
Copyright (c) 2006-2020 Varnish Software

Mataki 3: Sanya Nginx don Aiki Tare da Cache Varnish

11. A cikin wannan mataki, kuna buƙatar saita Nginx don aiki tare da Cache Varnish. Ta hanyar tsoho Nginx yana sauraron tashar jiragen ruwa 80, yakamata ku canza tsohuwar tashar Nginx zuwa 8080 don haka yana gudana a bayan caching na Varnish.

Bude fayil ɗin Nginx config /etc/nginx/nginx.conf kuma nemo layin sauraron 80 kuma canza shi don sauraron 8080 kamar yadda yake cikin toshe uwar garken da aka nuna a hoton da ke ƙasa.

# vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

Lura: Ya kamata a yi wannan a cikin duk fayilolin sanyi toshe uwar garken (yawanci ana ƙirƙira ƙarƙashin /etc/nginx/conf.d/) don rukunin yanar gizon da kuke son yin hidima ta hanyar Varnish.

12. Bayan haka, buɗe fayil ɗin sanyi na sabis na varnish kuma nemo siga ExecStart wanda ke ƙayyade tashar tashar jiragen ruwa ta Varnish, kuma canza ƙimarta daga 6081 zuwa 80.

# systemctl edit --full  varnish

Ya kamata layin ya yi kama da yadda aka nuna.

ExecStart=/usr/sbin/varnishd -a :80 -f /etc/varnish/default.vcl -s malloc,256m

13. Na gaba, saita Nginx azaman uwar garken baya don wakili na Varnish, a cikin fayil ɗin sanyi /etc/varnish/default.vcl.

# vi /etc/varnish/default.vcl 

Nemo sashin baya, kuma ayyana mai watsa shiri IP da tashar jiragen ruwa. A ƙasa akwai saitunan baya na tsoho, saita wannan don nuna ainihin sabar abun ciki naku.

backend default {
    .host = "127.0.0.1";
    .port = "8080";
}

14. Bayan yin duk saitunan da suka dace, sake kunna Nginx HTTPD da Varnish cache don aiwatar da canje-canjen da ke sama.

# systemctl daemon-reload
# systemctl restart nginx
# systemctl restart varnish

Mataki 4: Gwada Cache Varnish akan Nginx

15. A ƙarshe, gwada idan an kunna cache Varnish kuma aiki tare da sabis na Nginx ta amfani da umarnin cURL da ke ƙasa don duba taken HTTP.

# curl -I http://localhost
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.16.1
Date: Wed, 06 Jan 2021 09:24:18 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 4833
Last-Modified: Fri, 16 May 2014 15:12:48 GMT
ETag: "53762af0-12e1"
X-Varnish: 2
Age: 0
Via: 1.1 varnish (Varnish/6.5)
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Connection: keep-alive

Kuna iya samun ƙarin bayani daga Wurin ajiya na Cache Github: https://github.com/varnishcache/varnish-cache

A cikin wannan koyawa, mun bayyana yadda ake saita Cache na Varnish don uwar garken Nginx HTTP akan CentOS 7. Yi amfani da fom ɗin sharhi da ke ƙasa don aiko mana da wata tambaya ko ƙarin ra'ayoyi.