Hanyoyi 7 don Ƙayyade Nau'in Tsarin Fayil a Linux (Ext2, Ext3 ko Ext4)
Tsarin fayil shine hanyar da ake sanya sunayen fayiloli, adanawa, dawo da su tare da sabunta su akan faifan ma'aji ko bangare; hanyar da aka tsara fayiloli akan faifai.
An raba tsarin fayil zuwa sassa biyu da ake kira: Data User da Metadata (sunan fayil, lokacin da aka ƙirƙira shi, lokacin da aka canza shi, girmansa da wurin da yake cikin matsayi na directory da sauransu).
A cikin wannan jagorar, za mu bayyana hanyoyi bakwai don gano nau'in tsarin fayil ɗin Linux kamar Ext2, Ext3, Ext4, BtrFS, GlusterFS da ƙari masu yawa.
1. Amfani da umurnin df
df umarni yana ba da rahoton tsarin fayil ɗin amfani da sarari faifai, don haɗa nau'in tsarin fayil akan wani ɓangaren faifai, yi amfani da tutar -T kamar ƙasa:
$ df -Th OR $ df -Th | grep "^/dev"
Don cikakken jagora don amfani da umarnin df shiga cikin labaran mu:
- 12 Amfanin \df Umarni don Duba sarari Disk a Linux
- Pydf - Madadin 'df' Umarnin da ke Nuna Amfani da Disk a Launuka
2. Amfani da fsck Command
fsck ana amfani dashi don dubawa da zaɓin nau'in tsarin fayil akan takamaiman ɓangarorin faifai.
Tutar -N tana hana duba tsarin fayil don kurakurai, kawai yana nuna abin da za a yi (amma duk abin da muke buƙata shine nau'in tsarin fayil):
$ fsck -N /dev/sda3 $ fsck -N /dev/sdb1
3. Amfani da umurnin lsblk
lsblk yana nuna toshe na'urori, lokacin da aka yi amfani da su tare da zaɓin -f, yana buga nau'in tsarin fayil akan ɓangarori kuma:
$ lsblk -f
4. Amfani da mount Command
Ana amfani da umarnin mount don hawa tsarin fayil ɗin Linux mai nisa da ƙari.
Lokacin gudu ba tare da wata gardama ba, yana buga bayanai game da ɓangarori na diski gami da nau'in tsarin fayil kamar ƙasa:
$ mount | grep "^/dev"
5. Amfani da umarnin blkid
Ana amfani da umarnin blkid don nemo ko buga kaddarorin na'urar toshe, kawai saka ɓangaren diski azaman hujja kamar haka:
$ blkid /dev/sda3
6. Amfani da umurnin fayil
Umurnin fayil yana gano nau'in fayil, alamar -s tana ba da damar karanta toshe ko fayilolin haruffa kuma -L yana ba da damar bin alamomin:
$ sudo file -sL /dev/sda3
7. Amfani da fstab File
Fayil ɗin/sauransu/fstab shine bayanan tsarin fayil na tsaye (kamar wurin tudu, nau'in tsarin fayil, zaɓuɓɓukan hawa da sauransu) fayil:
$ cat /etc/fstab
Shi ke nan! A cikin wannan jagorar, mun bayyana hanyoyi bakwai don gano nau'in tsarin fayil ɗin Linux ɗin ku. Shin kun san wata hanyar da ba a ambata ba a nan? Raba shi tare da mu a cikin sharhi.