Yadda Ake Sanya Fitar da Dokar Linux zuwa Mai Sauyawa

Lokacin da kake gudanar da umarni, yana samar da wani nau'i na fitarwa: ko dai sakamakon shirin shine don samarwa ko matsayi/saƙonnin kuskure na bayanan aiwatar da shirin. Wani lokaci, ƙila kana so ka adana fitarwar umarni a cikin ma'auni don amfani da shi a wani aiki na gaba.

A cikin wannan sakon, za mu sake nazarin hanyoyi daban-daban na sanya fitar da umarnin harsashi zuwa mabambanta, musamman masu amfani don manufar rubutun harsashi.

Don adana fitar da umarni a cikin mabambanta, zaku iya amfani da fasalin sauya umarnin harsashi a cikin siffofin da ke ƙasa:

variable_name=$(command)
variable_name=$(command [option ...] arg1 arg2 ...)
OR
variable_name='command'
variable_name='command [option ...] arg1 arg2 ...'

A ƙasa akwai ƴan misalan amfani da maye gurbin umarni.

A cikin wannan misali na farko, za mu adana ƙimar wanda (wanda ke nuna wanda ke cikin tsarin) umarni a cikin madaidaicin mai amfani CURRENT_USERS:

$ CURRENT_USERS=$(who)

Sa'an nan za mu iya amfani da m a cikin jimla da aka nuna ta amfani da echo umurnin kamar haka:

$ echo -e "The following users are logged on the system:\n\n $CURRENT_USERS"

A cikin umarnin da ke sama: tutar -e na nufin fassara kowane jerin tsere (kamar don sabon layi) amfani. Don guje wa ɓata lokaci da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, kawai yi maye gurbin umarni a cikin umarnin echo kamar haka:

$ echo -e "The following users are logged on the system:\n\n $(who)"

Na gaba, don nuna ra'ayi ta amfani da nau'i na biyu; za mu iya adana jimillar fayiloli a cikin kundin adireshin aiki na yanzu a cikin madaidaicin mai suna FILES sannan mu sake maimaita shi daga baya kamar haka:

$ FILES=`sudo find . -type f -print | wc -l`
$ echo "There are $FILES in the current working directory."

Shi ke nan a yanzu, a cikin wannan labarin, mun bayyana hanyoyin sanya fitar da umarnin harsashi zuwa mai canzawa. Kuna iya ƙara ra'ayoyinku zuwa wannan post ta sashin ra'ayoyin da ke ƙasa.