Hanyoyi 5 don ɓata ko Share Babban abun ciki na Fayil a Linux

Lokaci-lokaci, yayin mu'amala da fayiloli a cikin tashar Linux, kuna iya share abun ciki na fayil ba tare da buɗe shi ta amfani da kowane editocin layin umarni na Linux ba. Ta yaya za a cimma wannan? A cikin wannan labarin, za mu bi ta hanyoyi daban-daban na zubar da abun ciki na fayil tare da taimakon wasu umarni masu amfani.

Tsanaki: Kafin mu ci gaba da kallon hanyoyi daban-daban, lura cewa saboda a cikin Linux komai fayil ne, dole ne koyaushe ku tabbata cewa fayil ɗin da kuke sharewa ba mahimmanci bane mai amfani ko fayilolin tsarin. Share abun ciki na tsarin mai mahimmanci ko fayil ɗin daidaitawa na iya haifar da mummunan aikace-aikacen kuskure ko gazawa.

Tare da cewa, a ƙasa akwai hanyoyin share abun ciki na fayil daga layin umarni.

Muhimmi: Domin manufar wannan labarin, mun yi amfani da fayil access.log a cikin misalai masu zuwa.

1. Fayil mara komai ta hanyar Juyawa zuwa Null

Hanya mafi sauƙi don komai ko ɓoye abun cikin fayil ta amfani da turawa harsashi null (abun da ba ya wanzu) zuwa fayil ɗin kamar ƙasa:

# > access.log

2. Fayil mara amfani ta amfani da 'gaskiya' Mayar da umarni

Anan zamu yi amfani da alamar : umarni ne na harsashi wanda ke daidai da umarnin gaskiya kuma ana iya amfani dashi azaman no-op (babu aiki) .

Wata hanya kuma ita ce a tura fitarwa na : ko gaskiya ginannun umarni zuwa fayil kamar haka:

# : > access.log
OR 
# true > access.log

3. Fayil mara amfani Amfani da cat/cp/dd utilities tare da /dev/null

A cikin Linux, ana amfani da na'urar null asali don watsar da rafukan da ba'a so na tsari, ko kuma azaman fayil mara kyau don shigar da rafukan. Ana yin wannan ta hanyar hanyar juyawa.

Kuma fayil ɗin na'urar /dev/null don haka fayil ne na musamman wanda ke cirewa (cire) duk wani shigarwar da aka aika masa ko abin fitar da shi daidai yake da na fayil mara komai.

Bugu da ƙari, za ku iya kwashe abubuwan da ke cikin fayil ta hanyar tura fitarwa na /dev/null zuwa gare shi (fayil) azaman shigarwa ta amfani da umarnin cat:

# cat /dev/null > access.log

Na gaba, za mu yi amfani da umarnin cp don ɓoye abun cikin fayil kamar yadda aka nuna.

# cp /dev/null access.log

A cikin umarni mai zuwa, idan yana nufin fayil ɗin shigarwa kuma na yana nufin fayil ɗin fitarwa.

# dd if=/dev/null of=access.log

4. Fayil mara komai Ta amfani da umarnin echo

Anan, zaku iya amfani da umarnin echo tare da fanko kirtani kuma a tura shi zuwa fayil ɗin kamar haka:

# echo "" > access.log
OR
# echo > access.log

Lura: Ya kamata ku tuna cewa fanko kirtani baya ɗaya da null. Kirtani ya riga ya zama abu kamar yadda zai iya zama fanko yayin da null kawai yana nufin rashin wanzuwar abu.

Saboda wannan dalili, lokacin da kuka tura fitar da umarnin cat, yana buga layin mara komai (kyauta mara amfani).

Don aika fitarwa mara kyau zuwa fayil ɗin, yi amfani da tuta -n wanda ke gaya wa echo don kar a fitar da sabon layi wanda ke kaiwa ga layin da babu komai da aka samar a cikin umarnin da ya gabata.

# echo -n "" > access.log

5. Fayil mara amfani ta amfani da umarnin yanke

Umurnin truncate yana taimakawa wajen raguwa ko ƙara girman fayil zuwa ƙayyadadden girman.

Kuna iya amfani da shi tare da zaɓin -s wanda ke ƙayyade girman fayil ɗin. Don komai da abun ciki na fayil, yi amfani da girman 0 (sifili) kamar yadda yake cikin umarni na gaba:

# truncate -s 0 access.log

Shi ke nan a yanzu, a cikin wannan labarin mun rufe hanyoyi da yawa na sharewa ko zubar da abun ciki na fayil ta amfani da sauƙin layin umarni da tsarin jujjuya harsashi.

Wataƙila waɗannan ba su ne kawai hanyoyin da za a iya amfani da su don yin wannan ba, don haka za ku iya gaya mana game da duk wasu hanyoyin da ba a ambata ba a cikin wannan jagorar ta sashin martani da ke ƙasa.