Yadda ake Saita WordPress tare da LAMP + Postfix azaman Fadakarwar Saƙon Aika-kawai akan Sabar VPS

Yiwuwa shine kun riga kun san menene WordPress: kayan aikin rubutun ra'ayin kanka a yanar gizo kyauta kuma buɗewa da tsarin sarrafa abun ciki (CMS) dangane da PHP da MySQL. Gidan yanar gizon sa ya bayyana - a cikin wasa akan kalmomi - cewa duka kyauta ne kuma maras tsada.

Daga cikin fasalulluka masu ban sha'awa, yuwuwar shigar da canzawa tsakanin jigogi (kallo & ji) ya fito fili. Har ila yau, ɗaruruwan abubuwan plugins suna ba da damar yin kusan komai tare da rukunin yanar gizon ku.

A matsayin kayan aiki mai ƙarfi na rubutun ra'ayin kanka a yanar gizo, WordPress yana ba wa baƙi damar yin sharhi akan posts kuma don haka shiga cikin (da fatan haɓaka) tattaunawa game da batutuwan da aka gabatar a ciki. Don yin haka, ya haɗa da ɓangaren saƙon da ke aika sanarwa ga marubuta lokacin da masu karatu suka yi sharhi kan abubuwan da suka rubuta.

Ƙari ga haka, lokacin da kuka yi rajista ga wani rubutu (ko da kuwa kai marubuci ne ko mai karatu), za ka iya zaɓar a sanar da kai lokacin da wani ya yi sharhi a kai.

Idan kun sayi kunshin tallan tallace-tallacen da aka raba, sabis ɗin wasikun da WordPress ya dogara da shi dole ne an riga an saita shi kuma an daidaita shi don ku (ta hanyar, yawancin masu ba da tallan tallace-tallace suna ba da shigarwar 1-click na WordPress).

Koyaya, idan kuna amfani da VPS kuma kuna son shigarwa da amfani da WordPress, dole ne ku saita kuma saita sabar mail (Postfix ko wani) wanda zai ba WordPress damar aika sanarwar.

A cikin wannan sakon za mu bayyana yadda ake saita cikakken uwar garken LAMP akan girgije VPS da kuma yadda ake haɗa WordPress tare da Postfix. Muna ba da shawarar sosai da ku yi la'akari da ɗaya daga cikin abokan haɗin gwiwarmu yayin neman mai ba da sabis (jin daɗin duba sake dubawa game da ayyukansu da tsare-tsarensu a nan).

Domin WordPress ɗinku ya sami nasarar aika sanarwar, kuna buƙatar tabbatar da biyan buƙatu masu zuwa:

Mataki 1: Saita DNS MX da A Records don WordPress

1. Tare da shigar da tarin LAMP, kuna buƙatar ƙara mahimman bayanan DNS MX da A don sabar saƙon ku da yankinku.

Idan kana buƙatar taimako don yin haka, duba bayanin mai sarrafa DNS kafin a ci gaba.

Kodayake waɗannan hanyoyin haɗin suna bayyana yadda ake saita bayanan DNS don Linode VPS, bai kamata ya bambanta sosai ga sauran masu samarwa ba.

Mataki 2: Shigar da Stack LAMP don WordPress a cikin Linux

2. Saita cikakken LAMP (Linux - Apache - MySQL/MariaDB - PHP) tari.

Anan ga umarnin yin haka a cikin manyan iyalai biyu masu rarraba:

  1. Saka LAMP akan RHEL/CentOS 7.0
  2. Shigar da LAMP akan Sabar Fedora 24
  3. Saka LAMP akan Sabar Fedora 23
  4. Shigar da LAMP akan Ubuntu 16.04 (da kuma daga baya)
  5. Shigar da LAMP akan Ubuntu 15.04 (da kuma daga baya)

Mataki 3: Ƙirƙiri Database don WordPress

3. Ƙirƙiri rumbun adana bayanai tare da sunan da kuka zaɓa da asusun WordPress don amfani. Kuna buƙatar wannan bayanin daga baya don gyara fayil ɗin sanyi na WordPress.

Shiga cikin MySQL/MariaDB da sauri ta amfani da tushen kalmar sirri da kuka zaɓa yayin aiwatar da rubutun mysql_secure_installation a cikin matakin shigarwa na LAMP na sama:

# mysql -u root -p
[Enter password here]

MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE wp_myblog;
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON wp_myblog.* TO 'your_username_here'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'your_chosen_password_here';
MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
MariaDB [(none)]> EXIT;

Da zarar matakai uku na farko da aka jera a sama a matsayin abubuwan da ake buƙata sun kula da su, bari mu ci gaba da shigarwa da daidaitawa na WordPress.

Mataki na 4: Shigar da Sanya WordPress

4. Zazzagewa da fitar da sabuwar kwalta ta WordPress.

# wget http://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz
# tar xzf latest.tar.gz
# cd wordpress

5. A cikin kundin adireshin wordpress, sake suna wp-config-sample.php zuwa wp-config.php:

# mv wp-config-sample.php wp-config.php

sannan sabunta shi tare da bayanan bayanan ku a ƙarƙashin sashin saitunan MySQL (duba akwatunan da aka haskaka a hoton da ke ƙasa):

// ** MySQL settings - You can get this info from your web host ** //
/** The name of the database for WordPress */
define('DB_NAME', 'database_name_here');

/** MySQL database username */
define('DB_USER', 'username_here');

/** MySQL database password */
define('DB_PASSWORD', 'password_here');

/** MySQL hostname */
define('DB_HOST', 'localhost');

/** Database Charset to use in creating database tables. */
define('DB_CHARSET', 'utf8');

/** The Database Collate type. Don't change this if in doubt. */
define('DB_COLLATE', '');

Bayanin saitunan da ke sama:

  1. DB_NAME: sunan bayanan da kuka kirkira don WordPress (wp_myblog).
  2. DB_USER: sunan mai amfani na DB_NAME (your_username_nan).
  3. DB_PASSWORD: kalmar sirri da kuka zaba don DB_USER (your_password_nan).
  4. DB_HOST: sunan mai masauki (yawanci localhost).
  5. DB_CHARSET: saitin bayanan bayanan, bai kamata a canza shi ba.
  6. DB_COLLATE: yawan tattara bayanai ya kamata a bar shi babu komai.

6. Matsar da kundin adireshi na wordpress zuwa tushen directory (ko zuwa babban kundin adireshi idan kuna shirin kafa wasu runduna kama-da-wane) na sabar gidan yanar gizo.

A cikin wannan misalin za mu motsa wordpress zuwa /var/www/html/wp (wani kundin adireshi a cikin Rubutun Apache):

# mv wordpress /var/www/html/wp

7. Bude http:///wp/wp-admin/install.php a cikin burauzar ku kuma cika bayanan da ake buƙata akan allon (inda <ip> yake) adireshin IP na uwar garken ku):

  1. Taken Yanar Gizo
  2. Sunan mai amfani
  3. Password, sau biyu
  4. Imel na admin
  5. Danna \Shigar da WordPress

Idan shigarwa ya yi nasara, za a nuna shafi mai zuwa:

Yanzu zaku iya danna Login don shiga cikin rukunin kula da WordPress ɗinku ta amfani da takaddun shaidar da kuka zaɓa a cikin wannan matakin.

Mataki 5: Saita Postfix don Aika Faɗin WordPress

A wannan lokacin kuna da yanayin LAMP mai aiki da WordPress. Domin ba da damar WordPress don aika sanarwa ta hanyar sabar saƙon mu, za mu buƙaci shigar da saita Postfix azaman abokin ciniki mara amfani.

Wannan yana nufin cewa za mu yi amfani da sabis na saƙo na Postfix kawai don aika wasiku don sanarwar imel ɗin WordPress. Bi umarnin da aka bayar a cikin waɗannan labaran ya danganta da zaɓin rarraba ku:

----------- On Ubuntu and Debian systems -----------
# apt-get update && sudo apt-get install postfix

Lokacin da aka tambaye ku don saita sabar wasiku, zaɓi:

  1. Nau'in daidaitawar wasiku: Shafin yanar gizo
  2. System mail name: yourdomain.com

----------- On CentOS, RHEL and Fedora systems -----------
# yum update && yum install postfix

Ko da menene distro da kuke amfani da shi, gyara /etc/postfix/main.cf tare da dabi'u masu zuwa:

mailbox_size_limit = 0
recipient_delimiter = +
inet_interfaces = loopback-only

Wataƙila kuna so ku koma ga takaddun hukuma na Postfix don cikakkun bayanai kan saitunan da ke sama.

Yanzu ci gaba da rubuta guntun post. Sannan ƙara sharhi ta amfani da fom ɗin da ke ƙasa. Kai, a matsayinka na marubuci, ya kamata ka fara karɓar sanarwa ba da daɗewa ba.

Matsalolin shigarwa na gama gari da mafita

Bayan kun shigar da WordPress, zaku iya shiga cikin batutuwa masu zuwa. Ba babban abu ba - kawai bi ƙayyadaddun umarnin don gyara su:

1. Idan ka ga jerin adireshi maimakon shafin yanar gizo lokacin da kake lilo zuwa http:///wp, wannan yana nufin cewa sabar gidan yanar gizon yana buƙatar a gaya masa ya karanta <index.php fayil ta tsohuwa.

Hanya mafi sauƙi don cim ma wannan ɗawainiyar ita ce ƙirƙirar fayil ɗin .htaccess a cikin kundin shigarwa tare da abun ciki mai zuwa:

# echo 'DirectoryIndex index.php' > /var/www/html/wp/.htaccess

2. Idan ka ga alamun php (<?php da/ko ?>) da aka nuna a matsayin rubutu na fili a cikin shafin yanar gizon, PHP baya aiki yadda ya kamata. Tabbatar cewa sigar PHP ɗinku ta cika buƙatun (>v5.2.4):

# php -v

3. Duk wasu kurakurai yayin ƙoƙarin buɗe fayil ɗin index.php (ciki har da amma ba'a iyakance ga \Kawukan da aka riga aka aiko ba) na iya haifar da kowane irin hali (ciki har da fararen sarari) kafin fara tag na PHP. (<?php) ko bayan alamar ta ƙare (?>) a cikin fayil ɗin wp-config.php da kuka saita a MATAKI 5 na sama .

Takaitawa

A cikin wannan labarin mun yi bayanin yadda ake shigar da WordPress bayan kafa tarin LAMP akan Ubuntu ko CentOS.

Idan kun tsara bayanan DNS da kyau don yankinku kamar yadda aka bayyana a baya, yakamata ku fara karɓar sanarwar sharhi nan da nan. Idan ba haka ba, duba rajistan ayyukan sabar mail (/var/log/maillogko /var/log/mail.log a cikin CentOS da Ubuntu, bi da bi) kuma dawo wurinmu. ta amfani da hanyar sharhi da ke ƙasa.

Za mu yi farin cikin duba da kuma amsa kowace irin tambayoyin da kuke da ita.