Shigar Munin (Sabbin Kulawa) a cikin RHEL, CentOS & Fedora


Munin (Kayan Kula da Sadarwar Yanar Gizo) aikace-aikacen sa ido kan hanyar sadarwa ce ta buɗe tushen yanar gizo da aka rubuta a cikin Perl wanda ke nuna amfani da sabar da ayyuka ta hanyar hoto ta amfani da RRDtool. Tare da taimakon Munin zaku iya saka idanu akan ayyukan tsarin ku, cibiyoyin sadarwa, SANS's da aikace-aikacenku.

Yana da tsarin gine-gine na master/ node inda maigidan ke haɗa kowane kumburi akai-akai kuma yana jan bayanai daga gare su. Sannan yana amfani da RRDtool don shiga da samar da sabbin hotuna.

A cikin wannan labarin, za mu yi tafiya ta hanyar ku matakai na kafa Munin (Network Monitoring Tool) tare da Munin Node a cikin RHEL, CentOS da tsarin Fedora ta amfani da yanayin da ke biyo baya.

Munin Server - hostname: munin.linux-console.net and IP Address: 192.168.103
Munin Client - hostname: munin-node.linux-console.net and IP Address: 192.168.15

Shigar da Munin a cikin RHEL, CentOS & Fedora

Shigar da Munin abu ne mai sauƙi, kawai ku bi umarnina mataki-mataki don shigar da shi akan sabar ku.

Ana iya shigar da Munin ta amfani da ma'ajin EPEL na Fedora a ƙarƙashin RHEL 7.x/6.x/5.x da CentOS 7.x/6.x/5.x.

Kawai, gudanar da umarni masu zuwa azaman mai amfani don shigarwa da kunna ma'ajin Epel ta amfani da wget.

------------------ RHEL/CentOS 7 - 64-Bit ------------------
# wget http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/e/epel-release-7-9.noarch.rpm
# rpm -ivh epel-release-7-9.noarch.rpm
------------------ RHEL/CentOS 6 - 32-Bit ------------------
# wget http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
# rpm -ivh epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm

------------------ RHEL/CentOS 6 - 64-Bit ------------------
# http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
# rpm -ivh epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
------------------ RHEL/CentOS 5 - 32-Bit ------------------
# wget http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/5/i386/epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm
# rpm -ivh epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm

------------------ RHEL/CentOS 5 - 64-Bit ------------------
# wget http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/5/x86_64/epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm
# rpm -ivh epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm

Lura: Masu amfani da Fedora ba sa buƙatar shigar da ma'ajin EPEL, saboda an haɗa munin a cikin Fedora kuma ana iya shigar da shi ta amfani da yum ko mai sarrafa fakitin dnf.

Bayan haka, yi sabuntawar tsarin don tabbatar da cewa an ɗora bayanan fakitin EPEL kafin mu shigar da Munin.

------------------ On RHEL and CentOS Only ------------------
# yum -y update

Munin yana buƙatar sabar gidan yanar gizo mai aiki kamar Apache ko Nginx don nuna fayilolin ƙididdiga. Za mu shigar da sabar gidan yanar gizo na Apache don ba da jadawali na Munin anan.

------------------ On RHEL, CentOS and Fedora ------------------
# yum install httpd

------------------ On Fedora 22+ Releases ------------------
# dnf install httpd    

Da zarar Apache ya shigar, fara kuma kunna sabis don farawa ta atomatik a lokacin taya tsarin.

------------------ On RHEL, CentOS and Fedora ------------------
# service httpd start
# chkconfig --level 35 httpd on

------------------ On RHEL/CentOS 7 and Fedora 22+ ------------------
# systemctl enable httpd
# systemctl start httpd

Yanzu lokaci ya yi da za a shigar da Munin da Munin-Node kamar yadda aka nuna.

------------------ On RHEL, CentOS and Fedora ------------------
# yum -y install munin munin-node

------------------ On Fedora 22+ Releases ------------------
# dnf -y install munin munin-node

Ta hanyar tsoho shigarwa na sama yana haifar da kundayen adireshi masu zuwa.

  1. /etc/munin/munin.conf : Munin master configuration file.
  2. /etc/cron.d/munin : Munin cron file.
  3. /etc/httpd/conf.d/munin.conf : Munin Apache sanyi fayil.
  4. /var/log/munin : Munin log directory.
  5. /var/www/html/munin : Munin web directory.
  6. /etc/munin/munin-node.conf : Munin Node master configuration file.
  7. /etc/munin/plugins.conf : Munin plugins sanyi fayil.

Wannan mataki na zaɓi ne kuma yana aiki ne kawai idan kuna son amfani da munin.linux-console.net maimakon localhost a cikin fitowar HTML kamar yadda aka nuna:

Buɗe fayil ɗin daidaitawa /etc/munin/munin.conf kuma yi canje-canje kamar yadda aka ba da shawara kuma kar a manta da maye gurbin munin.linux-console.net tare da sunan uwar garken ku.

# a simple host tree
[munin.linux-console.net]
    address 127.0.0.1
    use_node_name yes
[...]

Kalmar wucewa ta gaba tana kare ƙididdiga na Munin tare da sunan mai amfani da kalmar wucewa ta amfani da ainihin ainihin auth na Apache kamar yadda aka nuna:

# htpasswd /etc/munin/munin-htpasswd admin

Na gaba sake kunna Munin kuma kunna shi don farawa a lokacin taya ta atomatik.

------------------ On RHEL, CentOS and Fedora ------------------
# service munin-node start
# chkconfig --level 35 munin-node on

------------------ On RHEL/CentOS 7 and Fedora 22+ ------------------
# systemctl enable munin-node
# systemctl start munin-node

Jira minti 30 domin Munin ya iya samar da jadawali kuma ya nuna shi. Don ganin fitowar farko na jadawali, buɗe burauzar ku kuma kewaya zuwa http://munin.linux-console.net/munin kuma shigar da bayanan shiga.

Idan bai sa sunan mai amfani da kalmar wucewa ba, buɗe /etc/httpd/conf.d/munin.conf kuma canza sunan mai amfani daga Munin zuwa admin kuma sake kunna Apache.

AuthUserFile /etc/munin/munin-htpasswd
AuthName "admin"
AuthType Basic
require valid-user

Shiga cikin injin abokin ciniki na Linux kuma shigar da fakitin munin-node kawai kamar yadda aka nuna:

# yum install munin-node
# dnf install munin-node      [On Fedora 22+ versions]
# apt-get install munin-node  [On Debian based systems]

Yanzu bude /etc/munin/munin-node.conf fayil ɗin sanyi kuma ƙara adireshin IP na munin uwar garken don ba da damar tattara bayanai daga abokin ciniki.

# vi /etc/munin/munin-node.conf

Ƙara adireshin IP na Munin sever a cikin tsari mai zuwa kamar yadda aka nuna:

# A list of addresses that are allowed to connect.  

allow ^127\.0\.0\.1$
allow ^::1$
allow ^192\.168\.0\.103$

A ƙarshe, sake kunna munin abokin ciniki:

------------------ On RHEL, CentOS and Fedora ------------------
# service munin-node start
# chkconfig --level 35 munin-node on

------------------ On RHEL/CentOS 7 and Fedora 22+ ------------------
# systemctl enable munin-node
# systemctl start munin-node

Buɗe /etc/munin/munin.conf fayil ɗin sanyi kuma ƙara sabon sashe mai zuwa na kullin abokin ciniki na Linux mai nisa tare da sunan uwar garke da adireshin IP kamar yadda aka nuna:

# a simple host tree
[munin.linux-console.net]
    address 127.0.0.1
    use_node_name yes

[munin-node.linux-console.net]
    address 192.168.0.15
    use_node_name yes

Na gaba, sake kunna uwar garken munin kuma kewaya zuwa shafin http://munin.linux-console.net/munin don ganin sabbin hotunan node na abokin ciniki yana aiki.

Don ƙarin bayani da amfani da fatan za a ziyarci a http://munin-monitoring.org/wiki/Documentation.