Webmin – Kayan aikin Gudanar da Tsarin Yanar Gizo don Linux


Webmin shine kayan aikin daidaita tsarin tsarin tushen yanar gizo mai buɗe ido don gudanar da tsarin Linux. Tare da taimakon wannan kayan aiki, za mu iya sarrafa tsarin tsarin ciki kamar kafa asusun mai amfani, ƙididdigar faifai, saitunan ayyuka kamar Apache, DNS, PHP, MySQL, raba fayil, da ƙari mai yawa.

Aikace-aikacen Webmin ya dogara ne akan tsarin Perl kuma yana amfani da tashar TCP 10000 tare da ɗakin karatu na OpenSSL don sadarwa ta hanyar bincike.

Wasu daga cikin abubuwan da zaku iya yi da Webmin sune:

  • Ƙirƙiri, gyara da share asusun mai amfani akan tsarin ku.
  • Raba fayiloli da kundayen adireshi tare da wasu tsarin Linux ta hanyar ka'idar NFS.
  • Shigar da Ƙididdigar Disk don sarrafa adadin sarari ga masu amfani.
  • Shigar, duba, da share fakitin software akan tsarin.
  • Canja adireshin IP na tsarin, saitunan DNS, da tsarin tafiyar da hanya.
  • Saita Firewall Linux don kiyaye tsarin ku.
  • Ƙirƙiri kuma saita madaidaitan runduna don sabar gidan yanar gizon Apache.
  • Sarrafa bayanan bayanai, teburi, da filaye a cikin uwar garken bayanan MySQL ko PostgreSQL.
  • Raba fayiloli da kundayen adireshi tare da tsarin Windows ta hanyar raba fayil ɗin Samba.

A cikin wannan labarin, zaku koyi yadda ake shigar da sabon sigar kayan aikin sarrafa tsarin Webmin a cikin tsarin Linux.

Shigar da Cibiyar Kula da Yanar Gizon Yanar Gizo a cikin Linux

Muna amfani da ma'ajiyar yanar gizo don shigar da sabon kayan aikin Webmin tare da abubuwan dogaro da ake buƙata kuma muna karɓar sabuntawa ta atomatik na Webmin na zamani ta hanyar ma'ajiya.

A kan rabe-raben tushen RHEL, kamar Fedora, CentOS, Rocky & AlmaLinux, kuna buƙatar ƙarawa da kunna maajiyar Webmin, yi don wannan ƙirƙirar fayil mai suna /etc/yum.repos.d/webmin.repo kuma ƙara layin masu zuwa zuwa shi a matsayin tushen mai amfani.

# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/webmin.repo
[Webmin]
name=Webmin Distribution Neutral
#baseurl=https://download.webmin.com/download/yum
mirrorlist=https://download.webmin.com/download/yum/mirrorlist
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://download.webmin.com/jcameron-key.asc
gpgcheck=1

Hakanan yakamata ku zazzage ku shigar da maɓallin GPG wanda aka sanya hannu akan fakitin da shi, tare da umarni:

# wget https://download.webmin.com/jcameron-key.asc
# rpm --import jcameron-key.asc

Yanzu zaku iya shigar da Webmin tare da umarni:

# yum install webmin

Hakazalika, kuna buƙatar ƙarawa da kunna wuraren ajiyar APT na Webmin zuwa fayil ɗin /etc/apt/sources.list akan tsarin Debian ɗinku kamar Ubuntu da Mint.

$ sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list

Ƙara layi mai zuwa a kasan fayil ɗin. Ajiye kuma rufe shi.

deb https://download.webmin.com/download/repository sarge contrib

Na gaba, shigo da shigar da Maɓallin GPG don shigar da fakitin da aka sanya hannu don Webmin.

$ wget https://download.webmin.com/jcameron-key.asc
$ sudo apt-key add jcameron-key.asc    

A kan Debian 11 da Ubuntu 22.04 ko sama, umarnin sune:

$ wget https://download.webmin.com/jcameron-key.asc
$ sudo cat jcameron-key.asc | gpg --dearmor > /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/jcameron-key.gpg

Yanzu zaku iya shigar da Webmin tare da umarni:

$ sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install webmin

Fara Webmin a cikin Linux

Gudun waɗannan umarni don fara sabis ɗin.

------------------- [on RedHat based systems] -------------------
# /etc/init.d/webmin start
# /etc/init.d/webmin status
------------------- [on Debian based systems] -------------------

$ sudo /etc/init.d/webmin start
$ sudo /etc/init.d/webmin status

Mataki na 3: Shiga Cibiyar Kula da Yanar Gizon

Ta hanyar tsoho Webmin yana gudana akan tashar jiragen ruwa 10000, don haka muna buƙatar buɗe tashar tashar yanar gizo akan tacewar ta mu don samun damar ta. Hanya mafi sauƙi don buɗe tashar jiragen ruwa akan Tacewar zaɓi shine amfani da waɗannan umarni.

------------------- [On FirewallD] -------------------

# firewall-cmd --add-port=10000/tcp
# firewall-cmd --reload
------------------- [On UFW] -------------------

$ sudo ufw allow 10000
------------------- [On IPtables] -------------------

# iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 10000 -j ACCEPT
# service iptables save
# /etc/init.d/iptables restart

Yanzu ya kamata mu sami damar shiga da shiga Webmin ta amfani da URL http://localhost:10000/ kuma shigar da sunan mai amfani azaman tushen da kalmar sirri ( kalmar sirri na yanzu), don samun damar nesa kawai maye gurbin localhost tare da adireshin IP na nesa.

http://localhost:10000/
OR
http://IP-address:10000/

Don ƙarin bayani ziyarci takaddun shafukan yanar gizo.