Sanya Guacamole don samun damar Linux/Windows mai nisa a cikin Ubuntu
A matsayinka na mai gudanar da tsarin, za ka iya samun kanka (yau ko nan gaba) kana aiki a cikin yanayin da Windows da Linux suke tare.
Ba asiri ba ne cewa wasu manyan kamfanoni sun fi son (ko dole su) gudanar da wasu ayyukan samar da su a cikin akwatunan Windows da wasu a cikin sabar Linux.
[Za ku iya kuma so: 11 Mafi kyawun Kayan aiki don samun damar Desktop Linux mai nisa]
Idan haka ne batun ku, zaku maraba da wannan jagorar tare da buɗe hannu (in ba haka ba ku ci gaba kuma aƙalla tabbatar da ƙara shi zuwa alamominku).
A cikin wannan labarin, za mu gabatar muku da guacamole, ƙofar tebur mai nisa da Tomcat ke aiki wanda kawai ke buƙatar shigar da sabar ta tsakiya.
[Za ku iya kuma so: Yadda ake samun dama ga Desktop Linux ta amfani da TightVNC]
Guacamole zai samar da kwamitin kula da gidan yanar gizo wanda zai ba ku damar canzawa da sauri daga wannan na'ura zuwa wani - duk a cikin taga mai binciken gidan yanar gizon guda ɗaya.
A cikin wannan labarin, mun yi amfani da inji mai zuwa. Za mu shigar da Guacamole a cikin akwatin Ubuntu kuma muyi amfani da shi don samun dama ga Windows 10 akwatin akan Protocol na Nesa (RDP) da akwatin RHEL ta amfani da ka'idar hanyar sadarwa ta SSH:
Guacamole server: Ubuntu 20.04 - IP 192.168.0.100 Remote SSH box: RHEL 8 – IP 192.168.0.18 Remote desktop box: Windows 10 – IP 192.168.0.19
Wannan ya ce, bari mu fara.
Shigar da Guacamole Server a cikin Ubuntu
1. Kafin shigar da guacamole, kuna buƙatar kulawa da abubuwan dogaro da farko.
$ sudo apt update $ sudo apt install -y gcc vim curl wget g++ libcairo2-dev libjpeg-turbo8-dev libpng-dev \ libtool-bin libossp-uuid-dev libavcodec-dev libavutil-dev libswscale-dev build-essential \ libpango1.0-dev libssh2-1-dev libvncserver-dev libtelnet-dev freerdp2-dev libwebsockets-dev \ libssl-dev libvorbis-dev libwebp-dev tomcat9 tomcat9-admin tomcat9-user
2. Zazzagewa kuma cire kwal ɗin. Tun daga farkon Fabrairu 2021, sabon sigar Guacamole shine 1.3.0. Kuna iya komawa zuwa shafin Zazzagewar Guacamole don nemo sabon sigar a wani lokaci da aka bayar.
$ wget https://dlcdn.apache.org/guacamole/1.3.0/source/guacamole-server-1.3.0.tar.gz $ tar zxf guacamole-server-1.3.0.tar.gz
3. Haɗa software.
$ cd guacamole-server-1.3.0/ $ ./configure
Kamar yadda ake tsammani, saitin zai duba tsarin ku don kasancewar abubuwan dogaro da ake buƙata da kuma ka'idojin sadarwa masu goyan baya (kamar yadda ake iya gani a cikin filin da aka haskaka, Lantarki na Lantarki na Nesa (RDP) da SSH suna goyan bayan abubuwan dogaro da aka shigar a baya) .
Idan komai ya tafi kamar yadda ake tsammani ya kamata ku ga wannan lokacin da ya gama (in ba haka ba, tabbatar kun shigar da duk abin dogaro):
Kamar yadda layi na ƙarshe a cikin hoton da ke sama ya nuna, gudanar da make da yi shigarwa don haɗa shirin:
$ make $ sudo make install
4. Sabunta cache na ɗakunan karatu da aka shigar.
$ sudo ldconfig
kuma danna Shigar.
Shigar da Client Guacamole a cikin Ubuntu
Bayan kammala matakan da ke sama, za a shigar da uwar garken guacamole. Umurnai masu zuwa yanzu zasu taimake ka ka saita guacd (proxy daemon wanda ke haɗa Javascript tare da ka'idojin sadarwa irin su RDP ko SSH) da guacamole.war (abokin ciniki), ɓangaren da ya ƙunshi aikace-aikacen HTML5 na ƙarshe wanda za'a gabatar dashi ka.
Lura cewa duka bangarorin biyu (uwar garken guacamole da abokin ciniki) suna buƙatar shigar da su akan na'ura ɗaya - babu buƙatar shigar da abin da ake kira abokin ciniki akan injinan da kuke son haɗawa da su).
Don sauke abokin ciniki, bi waɗannan matakan:
5. Zazzage rumbun adana bayanan yanar gizon kuma canza suna zuwa guacamole.war.
Lura: Ya danganta da rarrabawar ku, kundin tarihin ɗakunan karatu na Tomcat na iya kasancewa a /var/lib/tomcat.
$ cd /var/lib/tomcat9/ $ sudo wget https://dlcdn.apache.org/guacamole/1.3.0/binary/guacamole-1.3.0.war $ sudo mv guacamole-1.3.0.war webapps/guacamole.war
6. Ƙirƙiri fayil ɗin sanyi (/etc/guacamole/guacamole.properties). Wannan fayil ɗin ya ƙunshi umarnin don Guacamole don haɗawa zuwa guacd:
$ sudo mkdir /etc/guacamole $ sudo mkdir /usr/share/tomcat9/.guacamole $ sudo nano /etc/guacamole/guacamole.properties
Saka abubuwan ciki masu zuwa zuwa /etc/guacamole/guacamole.properties. Lura cewa muna maganan fayil ɗin da za mu ƙirƙira a mataki na gaba (/etc/guacamole/user-mapping.xml):
guacd-hostname: localhost guacd-port: 4822 user-mapping: /etc/guacamole/user-mapping.xml auth-provider: net.sourceforge.guacamole.net.basic.BasicFileAuthenticationProvider basic-user-mapping: /etc/guacamole/user-mapping.xml
Kuma ƙirƙirar hanyar haɗi ta alama don Tomcat don samun damar karanta fayil ɗin:
$ sudo ln -s /etc/guacamole/guacamole.properties /usr/share/tomcat9/.guacamole/
7. Guacamole yana amfani da taswirar taswirar.xml, ƙirƙirar wannan fayil don ayyana waɗanne masu amfani da aka ba da izini don tantancewa zuwa mahaɗin yanar gizo na Guacamole (tsakanin izini > tags) da kuma waɗanne hanyoyin haɗin da za su iya amfani da su (tsakanin <connection> tags):
$ sudo nano /etc/guacamole/user-mapping.xml
Taswirar mai amfani mai zuwa yana ba da dama ga mahaɗin yanar gizo na Guacamole ga mai amfani tecmint tare da kalmar sirri tecment01. Bayan haka, a cikin haɗin SSH, muna buƙatar sanya sunan mai amfani mai aiki don shiga cikin akwatin RHEL (za a sa ku shigar da kalmar sirri daidai lokacin da Guacamole ya fara haɗin).
A cikin yanayin akwatin Windows 10, babu buƙatar yin hakan kamar yadda za a gabatar da mu tare da allon shiga akan RDP.
Don samun md5 hash na tecmint01 kalmar sirri, rubuta umarni mai zuwa:
# printf '%s' "tecmint01" | md5sum
Sannan saka fitar da umarni a cikin filin kalmar sirri a cikin alamar izini >:
<user-mapping>
<authorize
username="tecmint"
password="8383339b9c90775ac14693d8e620981f"
encoding="md5">
<connection name="RHEL 8">
<protocol>ssh</protocol>
<param name="hostname">192.168.0.18</param>
<param name="port">22</param>
<param name="username">gacanepa</param>
</connection>
<connection name="Windows 10">
<protocol>rdp</protocol>
<param name="hostname">192.168.0.19</param>
<param name="port">3389</param>
</connection>
</authorize>
</user-mapping>
Kamar yadda lamarin yake tare da duk fayilolin da suka ƙunshi mahimman bayanai, yana da mahimmanci a taƙaita izini da canza ikon mallakar fayil ɗin user-mapping.xml:
$ sudo chmod 600 /etc/guacamole/user-mapping.xml $ sudo chown tomcat:tomcat /etc/guacamole/user-mapping.xml
Fara Tomcat da guacd.
$ sudo service tomcat9 start $ sudo /usr/local/sbin/guacd &
Ƙaddamar da Interface na Guacamole
8. Don samun damar haɗin yanar gizo na Guacamole, kaddamar da mai bincike kuma nuna shi zuwa http://server:8080/guacamoleinda uwar garken shine sunan mai masauki ko adireshin IP na sabar ku (a cikin yanayinmu shine. http://192.168.0.100:8080/guacamole) kuma shiga tare da takaddun shaidar da aka bayar a baya (sunan mai amfani: tecmint, kalmar sirri: tecmint01):
9. Bayan ka danna Login, za a kai ka zuwa wurin gudanarwa inda za ka ga jerin hanyoyin haɗin yanar gizon tecmint yana da damar yin amfani da su, kamar yadda user-mapping.xml:
10. Ci gaba kuma danna akwatin RHEL 8 don shiga azaman gacanepa (sunan mai amfani da aka ƙayyade a cikin ma'anar haɗi).
Lura yadda aka saita tushen haɗin kai zuwa 192.168.0.100 (IP na uwar garken Guacamole), ba tare da la'akari da adireshin IP na injin da kuke amfani da shi don buɗe haɗin yanar gizon ba:
11. Idan kana son rufe haɗin, rubuta fita kuma danna Shigar. Za a umarce ku don komawa zuwa babban dubawa (Gida), sake haɗawa, ko fita daga Guacamole:
12. Yanzu lokaci ya yi da za a gwada haɗin haɗin tebur mai nisa zuwa Windows 10:
Taya murna! Yanzu zaku iya samun dama ga injin Windows 10 da sabar RHEL 8 daga cikin mai binciken gidan yanar gizo.
Takaitawa
A cikin wannan labarin, mun bayyana yadda ake shigarwa da daidaita Guacamole don ba da damar yin amfani da injunan nesa akan RDP da SSH. Gidan yanar gizon yana ba da cikakkun bayanai don taimaka muku saita shiga ta amfani da wasu ka'idoji, kamar VNC da sauran hanyoyin tantancewa, kamar tushen DB…
Kamar koyaushe, kada ku yi jinkirin sauke mana bayanin kula idan kuna da wasu tambayoyi ko shawarwari game da wannan labarin. Muna kuma dakon jin labaran nasarar ku.