Yadda ake Nemo da Rarraba Fayiloli Dangane da Kwanan Wata da Lokaci Gyara a cikin Linux
Yawancin lokaci, muna al'adar adana bayanai da yawa ta nau'in fayiloli akan tsarin mu. Wasu, ɓoyayyun fayiloli, wasu an adana su a cikin babban fayil ɗin da aka ƙirƙira don sauƙin fahimtar mu, yayin da wasu kamar yadda yake. Amma, wannan duka ya cika kundin adireshi; yawanci Desktop, yana mai da shi kamar rikici. Amma, matsalar tana tasowa lokacin da muke buƙatar bincika takamaiman fayil ɗin da aka gyara akan takamaiman kwanan wata da lokaci a cikin wannan babban tarin.
Mutanen da ke jin daɗin GUI na iya samun ta ta amfani da Mai sarrafa Fayil, wanda ke jera fayiloli a cikin dogon jeri tsari, yana sauƙaƙa gano abin da muke so, amma waɗancan masu amfani suna da al'adar baƙar fata, ko ma duk wanda ke aiki akan sabar waɗanda ba su da GUI. suna son umarni mai sauƙi ko saitin umarni waɗanda zasu iya sauƙaƙe binciken su.
Ainihin kyawun Linux yana nunawa anan, kamar yadda Linux ke da tarin umarni waɗanda idan aka yi amfani da su daban ko tare zasu iya taimakawa wajen nemo fayil, ko ware tarin fayiloli gwargwadon sunansu, ranar gyare-gyare, lokacin ƙirƙirar, ko ma kowane. tace kana iya tunanin nema don samun sakamakonka.
Anan, za mu bayyana ainihin ƙarfin Linux ta hanyar bincika jerin umarni waɗanda za su iya taimakawa rarraba fayil ko ma jerin fayiloli ta Kwanan wata da Lokaci.
Linux Utilities don Rarraba Fayiloli a cikin Linux
Wasu kayan aikin layin umarni na Linux waɗanda suka isa kawai don rarraba kundin adireshi bisa Kwanan wata da Lokaci sune:
ls - Jerin abubuwan da ke cikin kundin adireshi, wannan mai amfani zai iya lissafin fayiloli da kundayen adireshi kuma yana iya lissafin duk bayanan matsayi game da su ciki har da: kwanan wata da lokacin gyarawa ko samun dama, izini, girman, mai shi, rukuni da sauransu.
Mun riga mun rufe labarai da yawa akan umarnin Linux ls da tsari, zaku iya samun su a ƙasa:
- Koyi umarnin ls tare da Misalai 15 na asali
- Koyi Dokokin Ci gaba guda 7 tare da Misalai
- 15 Tambayoyin Tambayoyi masu Fa'ida akan ls Command in Linux
nau'i - Ana iya amfani da wannan umarni don warware fitar da kowane bincike kawai ta kowane fanni ko kowane ginshiƙi na filin.
Mun riga mun rufe labarai guda biyu akan umarnin nau'in Linux, zaku iya samun su a ƙasa:
- 14 Misalan Umurnin 'Nau'in' Linux - Kashi na 1
- 7 Misalan Umurnin 'Nau'in' Linux Masu Amfani - Kashi na 2
Waɗannan umarnin a cikin kansu umarni ne masu ƙarfi sosai don ƙware idan kuna aiki akan baƙar fata kuma dole ne ku yi hulɗa da fayiloli da yawa, kawai don samun wanda kuke so.
Wasu Hanyoyi don Rarraba fayiloli ta amfani da Kwanan wata da Lokaci
A ƙasa akwai jerin umarni don warwarewa bisa Kwanan wata da Lokaci.
Umurnin da ke ƙasa yana lissafin fayiloli a cikin dogon tsarin jeri, kuma yana tsara fayiloli dangane da lokacin gyarawa, sabon farkon farko. Don daidaita tsarin baya, yi amfani da canjin -r
tare da wannan umarni.
# ls -lt total 673768 -rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint 3312130 Jan 19 15:24 When You Are Gone.MP3 -rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint 4177212 Jan 19 15:24 When I Dream At Night - Marc Anthony-1.mp3 -rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint 4177212 Jan 19 15:24 When I Dream At Night - Marc Anthony.mp3 -rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint 6629090 Jan 19 15:24 Westlife_Tonight.MP3 -rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint 3448832 Jan 19 15:24 We Are The World by USA For Africa (Michael Jackson).mp3 -rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint 8580934 Jan 19 15:24 This Love.mp3 -rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint 2194832 Jan 19 15:24 The Cross Of Changes.mp3 -rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint 5087527 Jan 19 15:24 T.N.T. For The Brain 5.18.mp3 -rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint 3437100 Jan 19 15:24 Summer Of '69.MP3 -rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint 4360278 Jan 19 15:24 Smell Of Desire.4.32.mp3 -rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint 4582632 Jan 19 15:24 Silence Must Be Heard 4.46.mp3 -rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint 4147119 Jan 19 15:24 Shadows In Silence 4.19.mp3 -rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint 4189654 Jan 19 15:24 Sarah Brightman & Enigma - Eden (remix).mp3 -rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint 4124421 Jan 19 15:24 Sade - Smooth Operator.mp3 -rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint 4771840 Jan 19 15:24 Sade - And I Miss You.mp3 -rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint 3749477 Jan 19 15:24 Run To You.MP3 -rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint 7573679 Jan 19 15:24 Roger Sanchez_Another Chance_Full_Mix.mp3 -rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint 3018211 Jan 19 15:24 Principal Of Lust.3.08.mp3 -rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint 5688390 Jan 19 15:24 Please Forgive Me.MP3 -rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint 3381827 Jan 19 15:24 Obvious.mp3 -rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint 5499073 Jan 19 15:24 Namstey-London-Viraaniya.mp3 -rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint 3129210 Jan 19 15:24 MOS-Enya - Only Time (Pop Radio mix).m
Lissafin fayiloli a cikin kundin adireshi dangane da lokacin samun damar ƙarshe, watau dangane da lokacin da fayil ɗin ya kasance a ƙarshe, ba a canza shi ba.
# ls -ltu total 3084272 drwxr-xr-x 2 tecmint tecmint 4096 Jan 19 15:24 Music drwxr-xr-x 2 tecmint tecmint 4096 Jan 19 15:22 Linux-ISO drwxr-xr-x 2 tecmint tecmint 4096 Jan 19 15:22 Music-Player drwx------ 3 tecmint tecmint 4096 Jan 19 15:22 tor-browser_en-US drwxr-xr-x 2 tecmint tecmint 4096 Jan 19 15:22 bin drwxr-xr-x 11 tecmint tecmint 4096 Jan 19 15:22 Android Games drwxr-xr-x 2 tecmint tecmint 4096 Jan 19 15:22 Songs drwxr-xr-x 2 tecmint tecmint 4096 Jan 19 15:22 renamefiles drwxr-xr-x 2 tecmint tecmint 4096 Jan 19 15:22 katoolin-master drwxr-xr-x 2 tecmint tecmint 4096 Jan 19 15:22 Tricks drwxr-xr-x 3 tecmint tecmint 4096 Jan 19 15:22 Linux-Tricks drwxr-xr-x 6 tecmint tecmint 4096 Jan 19 15:22 tuptime drwxr-xr-x 4 tecmint tecmint 4096 Jan 19 15:22 xdm drwxr-xr-x 2 tecmint tecmint 20480 Jan 19 15:22 ffmpeg usage drwxr-xr-x 2 tecmint tecmint 4096 Jan 19 15:22 xdm-helper
Jerin fayiloli a cikin kundin adireshi dangane da lokacin gyara na ƙarshe na bayanin matsayin fayil, ko lokaci
. Wannan umarnin zai fara jera waccan fayil ɗin wanda kowane bayanin matsayinsa kamar: mai shi, ƙungiya, izini, girman da sauransu kwanan nan aka canza shi.
# ls -ltc total 3084272 drwxr-xr-x 2 tecmint tecmint 4096 Jan 19 15:24 Music drwxr-xr-x 2 tecmint tecmint 4096 Jan 19 13:05 img -rw------- 1 tecmint tecmint 262191 Jan 19 12:15 tecmint.jpeg drwxr-xr-x 5 tecmint tecmint 4096 Jan 19 10:57 Desktop drwxr-xr-x 7 tecmint tecmint 12288 Jan 18 16:00 Downloads drwxr-xr-x 13 tecmint tecmint 4096 Jan 18 15:36 VirtualBox VMs -rwxr-xr-x 1 tecmint tecmint 691 Jan 13 14:57 special.sh -rw-r--r-- 1 tecmint tecmint 654325 Jan 4 16:55 powertop-2.7.tar.gz.save -rw-r--r-- 1 tecmint tecmint 654329 Jan 4 11:17 filename.tar.gz drwxr-xr-x 3 tecmint tecmint 4096 Jan 4 11:04 powertop-2.7 -rw-r--r-- 1 tecmint tecmint 447795 Dec 31 14:22 Happy-New-Year-2016.jpg -rw-r--r-- 1 tecmint tecmint 12 Dec 18 18:46 ravi -rw-r--r-- 1 tecmint tecmint 1823 Dec 16 12:45 setuid.txt ...
Idan ana amfani da maɓalli na -a
tare da umarni na sama, za su iya jera su jera ko da ɓoyayyun fayilolin da ke cikin kundin adireshi na yanzu, kuma -r
switch yana jera abubuwan da aka fitar a juzu'i.
Don ƙarin rarrabuwa mai zurfi, kamar rarrabawa akan Output of Nemo umarni, duk da haka ana iya amfani da ls
, amma akwai nau'i
yana tabbatar da ƙarin taimako saboda fitarwar bazai sami fayil kawai ba. suna amma duk wani filin da mai amfani ke so.
Umurnai na ƙasa suna nuna amfani da iri
tare da umarnin nemo
don tsara jerin fayiloli dangane da Kwanan wata da Lokaci.
Don ƙarin koyo game da neman umarni, bi wannan hanyar haɗin yanar gizon: 35 Misalai Masu Aiki na Umurnin 'nemo' a Linux
Anan, muna amfani da umarnin nemo
don nemo duk fayiloli a tushen ('/')
directory sannan mu buga sakamakon kamar: Watan da aka shiga fayil ɗin sannan sunan fayil. Daga cikin cikakken sakamakon, a nan mun lissafa manyan abubuwan shigarwa 11.
# find / -type f -printf "\n%Ab %p" | head -n 11 Dec /usr/lib/nvidia/pre-install Dec /usr/lib/libcpufreq.so.0.0.0 Apr /usr/lib/libchromeXvMCPro.so.1.0.0 Apr /usr/lib/libt1.so.5.1.2 Apr /usr/lib/libchromeXvMC.so.1.0.0 Apr /usr/lib/libcdr-0.0.so.0.0.15 Dec /usr/lib/msttcorefonts/update-ms-fonts Nov /usr/lib/ldscripts/elf32_x86_64.xr Nov /usr/lib/ldscripts/elf_i386.xbn Nov /usr/lib/ldscripts/i386linux.xn
Umurnin da ke ƙasa yana tsara fitarwa ta amfani da maɓalli azaman filin farko, ƙayyadaddun ta hanyar -k1
sannan kuma yana jera a Wata kamar yadda M
ke gaba da shi.
# find / -type f -printf "\n%Ab %p" | head -n 11 | sort -k1M Apr /usr/lib/libcdr-0.0.so.0.0.15 Apr /usr/lib/libchromeXvMCPro.so.1.0.0 Apr /usr/lib/libchromeXvMC.so.1.0.0 Apr /usr/lib/libt1.so.5.1.2 Nov /usr/lib/ldscripts/elf32_x86_64.xr Nov /usr/lib/ldscripts/elf_i386.xbn Nov /usr/lib/ldscripts/i386linux.xn Dec /usr/lib/libcpufreq.so.0.0.0 Dec /usr/lib/msttcorefonts/update-ms-fonts Dec /usr/lib/nvidia/pre-install
Anan, muna sake yin amfani da nemo
umarni don nemo duk fayiloli a cikin tushen directory, amma yanzu za mu buga sakamakon kamar: kwanan watan ƙarshe da aka shiga fayil ɗin, lokacin ƙarshe da aka shiga fayil ɗin sannan sunan fayil. Daga ciki muna fitar da manyan abubuwan shigarwa 11.
# find / -type f -printf "\n%AD %AT %p" | head -n 11 12/08/15 11:30:38.0000000000 /usr/lib/nvidia/pre-install 12/07/15 10:34:45.2694776230 /usr/lib/libcpufreq.so.0.0.0 04/11/15 06:08:34.9819910430 /usr/lib/libchromeXvMCPro.so.1.0.0 04/11/15 06:08:34.9939910430 /usr/lib/libt1.so.5.1.2 04/11/15 06:08:35.0099910420 /usr/lib/libchromeXvMC.so.1.0.0 04/11/15 06:08:35.0099910420 /usr/lib/libcdr-0.0.so.0.0.15 12/18/15 11:19:25.2656728990 /usr/lib/msttcorefonts/update-ms-fonts 11/12/15 12:56:34.0000000000 /usr/lib/ldscripts/elf32_x86_64.xr 11/12/15 12:56:34.0000000000 /usr/lib/ldscripts/elf_i386.xbn 11/12/15 12:56:34.0000000000 /usr/lib/ldscripts/i386linux.xn
Umurnin nau'in da ke ƙasa yana farawa ne bisa lambobi na ƙarshe na shekara, sannan nau'in bisa lambobi na ƙarshe na watan a juzu'i kuma a ƙarshe ya zama nau'i bisa tushen filin farko. Anan, '1.8' yana nufin ginshiƙi na 8 na filin farko kuma 'n' gaba gare shi yana nufin nau'in lambobi, yayin da 'r' yana nuna jujjuya tsari.
# find / -type f -printf "\n%AD %AT %p" | head -n 11 | sort -k1.8n -k1.1nr -k1 12/07/15 10:34:45.2694776230 /usr/lib/libcpufreq.so.0.0.0 12/08/15 11:30:38.0000000000 /usr/lib/nvidia/pre-install 12/18/15 11:19:25.2656728990 /usr/lib/msttcorefonts/update-ms-fonts 11/12/15 12:56:34.0000000000 /usr/lib/ldscripts/elf32_x86_64.xr 11/12/15 12:56:34.0000000000 /usr/lib/ldscripts/elf_i386.xbn 11/12/15 12:56:34.0000000000 /usr/lib/ldscripts/i386linux.xn 04/11/15 06:08:34.9819910430 /usr/lib/libchromeXvMCPro.so.1.0.0 04/11/15 06:08:34.9939910430 /usr/lib/libt1.so.5.1.2 04/11/15 06:08:35.0099910420 /usr/lib/libcdr-0.0.so.0.0.15 04/11/15 06:08:35.0099910420 /usr/lib/libchromeXvMC.so.1.0.0
Anan, muna sake yin amfani da nemo
umarni don jera manyan fayiloli 11 a cikin tushen directory kuma buga sakamakon a cikin tsari: lokacin da aka isa fayil ɗin ƙarshe sannan sunan fayil.
# find / -type f -printf "\n%AT %p" | head -n 11 11:30:38.0000000000 /usr/lib/nvidia/pre-install 10:34:45.2694776230 /usr/lib/libcpufreq.so.0.0.0 06:08:34.9819910430 /usr/lib/libchromeXvMCPro.so.1.0.0 06:08:34.9939910430 /usr/lib/libt1.so.5.1.2 06:08:35.0099910420 /usr/lib/libchromeXvMC.so.1.0.0 06:08:35.0099910420 /usr/lib/libcdr-0.0.so.0.0.15 11:19:25.2656728990 /usr/lib/msttcorefonts/update-ms-fonts 12:56:34.0000000000 /usr/lib/ldscripts/elf32_x86_64.xr 12:56:34.0000000000 /usr/lib/ldscripts/elf_i386.xbn 12:56:34.0000000000 /usr/lib/ldscripts/i386linux.xn
Umurnin da ke ƙasa yana tsara fitarwa bisa ga ginshiƙi na farko na filin fitarwa wanda shine lambar farko na sa'a.
# find / -type f -printf "\n%AT %p" | head -n 11 | sort -k1.1n 06:08:34.9819910430 /usr/lib/libchromeXvMCPro.so.1.0.0 06:08:34.9939910430 /usr/lib/libt1.so.5.1.2 06:08:35.0099910420 /usr/lib/libcdr-0.0.so.0.0.15 06:08:35.0099910420 /usr/lib/libchromeXvMC.so.1.0.0 10:34:45.2694776230 /usr/lib/libcpufreq.so.0.0.0 11:19:25.2656728990 /usr/lib/msttcorefonts/update-ms-fonts 11:30:38.0000000000 /usr/lib/nvidia/pre-install 12:56:34.0000000000 /usr/lib/ldscripts/elf32_x86_64.xr 12:56:34.0000000000 /usr/lib/ldscripts/elf_i386.xbn 12:56:34.0000000000 /usr/lib/ldscripts/i386linux.xn
Wannan umarni yana tsara fitar da umarni na ls -l
bisa ga wata na 6 cikin hikima, sannan ya dogara da filin na 7 wanda shine kwanan wata, a lamba.
# ls -l | sort -k6M -k7n total 116 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Oct 1 19:51 backup.tgz drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Oct 7 15:27 Desktop -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 15853 Oct 7 15:19 powertop_report.csv -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 79112 Oct 7 15:25 powertop.html -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Oct 16 15:26 file3 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13 Oct 16 15:17 B -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 21 Oct 16 15:16 A -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 64 Oct 16 15:38 C
Kammalawa
Hakanan, ta hanyar samun ɗan ilimin nau'in umarni, zaku iya tsara kusan kowane jeri bisa kowane fage har ma da kowane ginshiƙi da kuke so. Waɗannan wasu dabaru ne don taimaka muku warware fayiloli bisa Kwanan wata ko Lokaci. Kuna iya gina naku dabaru bisa waɗannan. Koyaya, idan kuna da wata dabara mai ban sha'awa, koyaushe zaku iya ambata hakan a cikin maganganunku.