Yadda Ake Daidaita Fayiloli/Kudiritoci Ta Amfani da Rsync tare da Madaidaicin tashar SSH

A yau, za mu tattauna game da yadda ake daidaita fayiloli ta amfani da rsync tare da tashar SSH mara kyau. Kuna iya mamakin me yasa muke buƙatar amfani da tashar jiragen ruwa ta SSH mara kyau? Saboda dalilan tsaro ne. Kowa ya san 22 shine tsohuwar tashar jiragen ruwa ta SSH.

Don haka, Ya zama dole don canza lambar tashar tashar jiragen ruwa ta SSH zuwa wani abu na daban wanda ke da wuyar ƙima. A irin waɗannan lokuta, ta yaya za ku daidaita fayilolinku/manyan fayiloli tare da uwar garken Nesa? Babu damuwa, Ba shi da wahala haka. Anan zamu ga yadda ake daidaita fayiloli da manyan fayiloli ta amfani da rsync tare da tashar tashar SSH mara nauyi.

Kamar yadda zaku iya sani, rsync, wanda kuma aka sani da Remote Sync, kayan aiki ne mai sauri, m, kuma mai ƙarfi wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don kwafi da daidaita fayiloli/kundayen adireshi daga gida zuwa gida, ko na gida zuwa runduna masu nisa. Don ƙarin cikakkun bayanai game da rsync, duba shafukan mutum:

# man rsync

Ko duba jagorarmu ta baya daga hanyar haɗin da ke ƙasa.

Rsync: Misalai 10 Na Aiki na Rsync Command a Linux

Canja tashar SSH zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa mara daidaito

Kamar yadda muka sani, Ta hanyar tsoho rsync yana amfani da tsohuwar tashar tashar SSH 22 don daidaita fayiloli akan gida zuwa runduna mai nisa da akasin haka. Ya kamata mu canza tashar tashar SSH ta sabar mu mai nisa don ƙarfafa tsaro.

Don yin wannan, buɗe kuma shirya tsarin SSH /etc/ssh/sshd_config fayil:

# vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config

Nemo layi na gaba. Uncomment kuma canza lambar tashar jiragen ruwa da kuka zaɓa. Ina ba ku shawarar ku zaɓi kowace lamba wacce ke da wuyar ƙima.

Tabbatar kana amfani da keɓantaccen lamba wanda sabis ɗin da ke akwai basa amfani dashi. Bincika wannan labarin netstat don sanin ayyukan da ke gudana akan waɗanne tashoshin TCP/UDP.

Misali, anan ina amfani da lambar tashar jiragen ruwa 1431.

[...]
Port 1431
[...]

Ajiye kuma rufe fayil ɗin.

A cikin tsarin tushen RPM kamar RHEL, CentOS, da Linux 7 na Kimiyya, kuna buƙatar ba da izinin sabon tashar ta hanyar Tacewar zaɓi ko na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa.

# firewall-cmd --add-port 1431/tcp
# firewall-cmd --add-port 1431/tcp --permanent

A kan RHEL/CentOS/Linux na Kimiyya 6 da sama, ya kamata ku kuma sabunta izinin selinux don ba da damar tashar jiragen ruwa.

# iptables -A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 1431 -j ACCEPT
# semanage port -a -t ssh_port_t -p tcp 1431

A ƙarshe, sake kunna sabis na SSH don aiwatar da canje-canje.

# systemctl restart sshd        [On SystemD]
OR
# service sshd restart          [On SysVinit]

Yanzu bari mu ga yadda ake daidaita fayiloli ta amfani da rsync tare da tashar jiragen ruwa mara kyau.

Yadda ake Rsync tare da tashar tashar SSH mara inganci

Gudun umarni mai zuwa daga tashar tashar don daidaita fayiloli/manyan fayiloli ta amfani da Rsync tare da tashar ssh mara kyau.

# rsync -arvz -e 'ssh -p <port-number>' --progress --delete [email :/path/to/remote/folder /path/to/local/folder

Don manufar wannan koyawa, zan yi amfani da tsarin biyu.

IP Address: 192.168.1.103
User name: tecmint
Sync folder: /backup1

Operating System: Ubuntu 14.04 Desktop
IP Address: 192.168.1.100
Sync folder: /home/sk/backup2

Bari mu daidaita abubuwan da ke cikin babban fayil ɗin /backup1 uwar garken nesa zuwa babban fayil ɗin tsarin gida na /home/sk/backup2/.

$ sudo rsync -arvz -e 'ssh -p 1431' --progress --delete [email :/backup1 /home/sk/backup2

[email 's password: 
receiving incremental file list
backup1/
backup1/linux-headers-4.3.0-040300-generic_4.3.0-040300.201511020949_amd64.deb
        752,876 100%   13.30MB/s    0:00:00 (xfr#1, to-chk=2/4)
backup1/linux-headers-4.3.0-040300_4.3.0-040300.201511020949_all.deb
      9,676,510 100%   12.50MB/s    0:00:00 (xfr#2, to-chk=1/4)
backup1/linux-image-4.3.0-040300-generic_4.3.0-040300.201511020949_amd64.deb
     56,563,302 100%   11.26MB/s    0:00:04 (xfr#3, to-chk=0/4)

sent 85 bytes  received 66,979,455 bytes  7,050,477.89 bytes/sec
total size is 66,992,688  speedup is 1.00.

Bari mu duba abin da ke cikin babban fayil /backup1/ a cikin sabar nesa.

$ sudo ls -l /backup1/

total 65428
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  9676510 Dec  9 13:44 linux-headers-4.3.0-040300_4.3.0-040300.201511020949_all.deb
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   752876 Dec  9 13:44 linux-headers-4.3.0-040300-generic_4.3.0-040300.201511020949_amd64.deb
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 56563302 Dec  9 13:44 linux-image-4.3.0-040300-generic_4.3.0-040300.201511020949_amd64.deb

Yanzu, bari mu bincika abin da ke cikin babban fayil na tsarin gida /backup2/.

$ ls /home/sk/backup2/

backup1

Kamar yadda kuke gani a cikin abubuwan da ke sama, an yi nasarar kwafi abubuwan da ke cikin /backup1/ zuwa ga tsarin gida na /home/sk/backup2/ directory.

Tabbatar da abin da ke cikin babban fayil /backup1/:

$ ls /home/sk/backup2/backup1/

linux-headers-4.3.0-040300_4.3.0-040300.201511020949_all.deb            
linux-image-4.3.0-040300-generic_4.3.0-040300.201511020949_amd64.deb
linux-headers-4.3.0-040300-generic_4.3.0-040300.201511020949_amd64.deb

Duba, duka manyan fayilolin tsarin nesa da na gida suna da fayiloli iri ɗaya.

Kammalawa

Daidaita fayiloli/ manyan fayiloli ta amfani da Rsync tare da SSH ba kawai mai sauƙi ba ne, amma kuma hanya mai sauri da aminci. Idan kuna bayan bangon wuta wanda ke ƙuntata tashar jiragen ruwa 22, babu damuwa. Kawai canza tsohuwar tashar jiragen ruwa kuma daidaita fayiloli kamar pro.