Yadda ake Samun Bayanin Hardware tare da Umurnin Dmidecode akan Linux
A cikin wannan labarin za mu ga yadda za mu iya amfani da umarnin Dmidecode don dawo da bayanan hardware na kowane tsarin Linux. A ce idan muna son haɓaka tsarin muna buƙatar tattara bayanai kamar Memory, BIOS da CPU da sauransu. Tare da taimakon umarnin Dmidecode za mu san cikakkun bayanai ba tare da buɗe tsarin chasis ba. Umurnin Dmidecode yana aiki don RHEL/CentOS/Fedora/Ubuntu Linux.
Kayan aikin Dmidecode yana karanta tebur DMI (wasu suna cewa SMBIOS) don debo bayanai da nuna bayanan tsarin masu amfani kamar cikakkun bayanai na hardware, serial lambobi da sigar BIOS, Processor da dai sauransu cikin sigar mutum mai iya karantawa. Kuna iya buƙatar tushen gata don aiwatar da umarnin dmidecode.
1. Basic Output na Demidecode
A ƙasa akwai fitarwa samfurin umarnin Demidecode.
# dmidecode 2.11 SMBIOS version fixup (2.31 -> 2.3). SMBIOS 2.3 present. 45 structures occupying 1642 bytes. Table at 0x000E0010. Handle 0x0000, DMI type 0, 20 bytes BIOS Information Vendor: Phoenix Technologies LTD Version: 6.00 Release Date: 12/06/2006 Address: 0xE78A0 Runtime Size: 100192 bytes ROM Size: 64 kB Characteristics: ISA is supported PCI is supported PC Card (PCMCIA) is supported PNP is supported APM is supported BIOS is upgradeable BIOS shadowing is allowed ESCD support is available USB legacy is supported Smart battery is supported BIOS boot specification is supported
2. Yadda ake samun nau'ikan DMI
DMI Id yana ba mu takamaiman bayanan kayan aiki na tsarin. Dmidecode tare da zaɓuɓɓuka '-t' ko '-type' da 'Id' zasu samar mana da ainihin bayanan. Id 6 zai ba mu bayanin Module na Ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.
dmidecode -t 6 # dmidecode 2.11 SMBIOS version fixup (2.31 -> 2.3). SMBIOS 2.3 present. Handle 0x0009, DMI type 6, 12 bytes Memory Module Information Socket Designation: RAM socket #0 Bank Connections: 0 1 Current Speed: Unknown Type: EDO DIMM Installed Size: 1024 MB (Single-bank Connection) Enabled Size: 1024 MB (Single-bank Connection) Error Status: OK Handle 0x000A, DMI type 6, 12 bytes Memory Module Information Socket Designation: RAM socket #1 Bank Connections: 2 3 Current Speed: Unknown Type: EDO DIMM Installed Size: Not Installed Enabled Size: Not Installed Error Status: OK Handle 0x000B, DMI type 6, 12 bytes Memory Module Information Socket Designation: RAM socket #2 Bank Connections: 4 5 Current Speed: Unknown Type: EDO DIMM Installed Size: Not Installed Enabled Size: Not Installed Error Status: OK Handle 0x000C, DMI type 6, 12 bytes Memory Module Information Socket Designation: RAM socket #3 Bank Connections: 6 7 Current Speed: Unknown Type: EDO DIMM Installed Size: Not Installed Enabled Size: Not Installed Error Status: OK
Masu biyowa sune cikakkun bayanan nau'ikan DMI.
Type Information ---------------------------------------- 0 BIOS 1 System 2 Base Board 3 Chassis 4 Processor 5 Memory Controller 6 Memory Module 7 Cache 8 Port Connector 9 System Slots 10 On Board Devices 11 OEM Strings 12 System Configuration Options 13 BIOS Language 14 Group Associations 15 System Event Log 16 Physical Memory Array 17 Memory Device 18 32-bit Memory Error 19 Memory Array Mapped Address 20 Memory Device Mapped Address 21 Built-in Pointing Device 22 Portable Battery 23 System Reset 24 Hardware Security 25 System Power Controls 26 Voltage Probe 27 Cooling Device 28 Temperature Probe 29 Electrical Current Probe 30 Out-of-band Remote Access 31 Boot Integrity Services 32 System Boot 33 64-bit Memory Error 34 Management Device 35 Management Device Component 36 Management Device Threshold Data 37 Memory Channel 38 IPMI Device 39 Power Supply
Maimakon tafiya tare da 'type_id' Hakanan zaka iya amfani da kalmar maɓalli tare da hujja '-t' zuwa umarnin dmidecode. Masu biyowa akwai jerin kalmomin da ake da su.
Keyword Types ------------------------------ bios 0, 13 system 1, 12, 15, 23, 32 baseboard 2, 10 chassis 3 processor 4 memory 5, 6, 16, 17 cache 7 connector 8 slot 9
Misali, don samun bayanan Cache akan tsarin, zaku iya aiwatar da umarni a ƙasa maimakon Id 7.
dmidecode -t cache # dmidecode 2.11 SMBIOS version fixup (2.31 -> 2.3). SMBIOS 2.3 present. Handle 0x000D, DMI type 7, 19 bytes Cache Information Socket Designation: L1 Cache Configuration: Enabled, Socketed, Level 1 Operational Mode: Write Back Location: Internal Installed Size: 16 kB Maximum Size: 16 kB Supported SRAM Types: Burst Pipeline Burst Asynchronous Installed SRAM Type: Asynchronous Speed: Unknown Error Correction Type: Unknown System Type: Unknown Associativity: Unknown Handle 0x000E, DMI type 7, 19 bytes Cache Information Socket Designation: L2 Cache Configuration: Enabled, Socketed, Level 2 Operational Mode: Write Back Location: External Installed Size: 0 kB Maximum Size: 512 kB Supported SRAM Types: Burst Pipeline Burst Asynchronous Installed SRAM Type: None Speed: Unknown Error Correction Type: Unknown System Type: Unknown Associativity: Unknown
3. Yadda ake samun bayanan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya
Ta yaya zan sami bayanin Ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya akan tsarin da nawa ƙwaƙwalwar ke tallafawa ta tsarin? Umurni mai zuwa yana nuna cewa tsarin zai iya tallafawa iyakar 4GB na RAM.
dmidecode -t 16 # dmidecode 2.11 SMBIOS version fixup (2.31 -> 2.3). SMBIOS 2.3 present. Handle 0x001D, DMI type 16, 15 bytes Physical Memory Array Location: System Board Or Motherboard Use: System Memory Error Correction Type: None Maximum Capacity: 4 GB Error Information Handle: Not Provided Number Of Devices: 4
Lura: Daga lissafin maɓalli bayanan da ke da alaƙa da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya sune 5, 6, 16 da 17.
4. Ta yaya zan sami bayanan BIOS?
Don samun bayanan BIOS na tsarin, gudanar da umarni mai zuwa tare da zaɓi '-t'.
dmidecode -t bios # dmidecode 2.11 SMBIOS version fixup (2.31 -> 2.3). SMBIOS 2.3 present. Handle 0x0000, DMI type 0, 20 bytes BIOS Information Vendor: Phoenix Technologies LTD Version: 6.00 Release Date: 12/06/2006 Address: 0xE78A0 Runtime Size: 100192 bytes ROM Size: 64 kB Characteristics: ISA is supported PCI is supported PC Card (PCMCIA) is supported PNP is supported APM is supported BIOS is upgradeable BIOS shadowing is allowed ESCD support is available USB legacy is supported Smart battery is supported BIOS boot specification is supported
5. Ta yaya zan Sami Manufacturer, Model da Serial Number?
Don samun bayani game da Manufacturer, Model da Serial Number na tsarin, yi amfani da umarni mai zuwa kamar yadda aka nuna a ƙasa.
dmidecode -t system # dmidecode 2.11 SMBIOS 2.4 present. Handle 0x0001, DMI type 1, 27 bytes System Information Manufacturer: LENOVO Product Name: 9637C76 Version: ThinkCentre M55e Serial Number: L9BT188 UUID: 8015D37A-2F82-DC11-A3FB-8C6E4EBAD5CE Wake-up Type: AC Power Restored SKU Number: Not Specified Family: Not Specified Handle 0x000F, DMI type 12, 5 bytes System Configuration Options Option 1: Jumper settings can be described here. Handle 0x0010, DMI type 15, 29 bytes System Event Log Area Length: 432 bytes Header Start Offset: 0x0000 Header Length: 16 bytes Data Start Offset: 0x0010 Access Method: General-purpose non-volatile data functions Access Address: 0x0000 Status: Valid, Not Full Change Token: 0x0000001A Header Format: Type 1 Supported Log Type Descriptors: 3 Descriptor 1: POST error Data Format 1: POST results bitmap Descriptor 2: Single-bit ECC memory error Data Format 2: Multiple-event Descriptor 3: Multi-bit ECC memory error Data Format 3: Multiple-event Handle 0x0017, DMI type 23, 13 bytes System Reset Status: Enabled Watchdog Timer: Present Boot Option: Do Not Reboot Boot Option On Limit: Do Not Reboot Reset Count: Unknown Reset Limit: Unknown Timer Interval: Unknown Timeout: Unknown Handle 0x001F, DMI type 32, 20 bytes System Boot Information Status:
Da fatan za a gudanar da 'man dmidecode' daga tasha ko umarni da sauri don ƙarin sani game da dmidecode.