Yadda ake yin rikodi da sake kunna zaman Linux Terminal ta amfani da Rubutun Rubutu da Dokokin wasan kwaikwayo
A cikin wannan jagorar za mu kalli yadda ake amfani da rubutun rubutu da umarnin wasan rubutu a cikin Linux waɗanda za su iya taimaka muku yin rikodin umarni da fitar da su a kan tashar ku yayin taron da aka bayar.
Umurnin tarihin babban kayan aiki ne-layin umarni wanda ke taimaka wa masu amfani don adana umarnin da aka yi amfani da su a baya, kodayake baya adana fitar da umarni.
Don haka umarnin rubutun ya zo da amfani don samar muku aiki mai ƙarfi wanda ke taimaka muku yin rikodin duk abin da aka buga akan tashar ku zuwa log_file. Kuna iya komawa zuwa wannan fayil daga baya idan kuna son duba fitar da umarni a tarihi daga log_file.
Hakanan zaka iya sake kunna umarnin da ka yi rikodin ta amfani da umarnin scriptreplay ta amfani da bayanin lokaci.
Yadda ake yin rikodin Terminal Linux Amfani da Umurnin Rubutun
Umurnin rubutun yana adana ayyukan tasha a cikin fayil ɗin log wanda mai amfani zai iya sanyawa suna, lokacin da wani mai amfani bai bayar da suna ba, ana amfani da tsoffin sunan fayil, rubutun rubutu.
# script [options] - -timing=timing_file log_filename
Don fara rikodin tashar Linux, rubuta rubutun kuma ƙara sunan fayil ɗin log kamar yadda aka nuna.
[email ~ $ script history_log.txt Script started, file is history_log.txt
Don tsaida rubutun, rubuta fita kuma latsa [Enter].
[email ~ $ exit Script done, file is history_log.txt
Idan rubutun ba zai iya rubutawa zuwa fayil ɗin log mai suna ba to yana nuna kuskure.
Misali, a cikin fitarwar da ke ƙasa, izinin rubutun fayil ɗin baya ba da damar karantawa, rubutawa da aiwatar da fayil ɗin ba ta kowane mai amfani ko ƙungiya ba. Lokacin da kake gudanar da umarnin rubutun ba tare da sunan fayil ɗin log ba, yana ƙoƙarin rubutawa zuwa tsohuwar fayil ɗin, rubutun rubutu don haka yana nuna kuskure.
[email ~ $ ls -l typescript --------- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 144 Sep 15 00:00 typescript [email ~ $ script script: open failed: typescript: Permission denied Terminated
Na sanya sunan fayil ɗin log dina script.log a cikin misalin da ke ƙasa, zaku iya ba fayil ɗinku suna daban.
[email ~ $ script script.log
Yanzu gwada aiwatar da ƴan umarni don ba da damar rubutun yin rikodin umarni da aka aiwatar akan tashar.
[email ~ $ cal
September 2015
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16 17 18 19
20 21 22 23 24 25 26
27 28 29 30
[email ~ $ w
14:49:40 up 4:06, 2 users, load average: 1.37, 1.56, 1.62
USER TTY FROM [email IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT
tecmint tty8 :0 10:45 4:06m 7:40 0.36s x-session-manager
tecmint pts/5 :0 13:42 4.00s 0.07s 0.00s script script.log
[email ~ $ uptime
14:49:43 up 4:06, 2 users, load average: 1.37, 1.56, 1.62
[email ~ $ whoami
tecmint
[email ~ $ echo 'using script'
using script
[email ~ $ exit
exit
Script done, file is script.log
Yanzu gwada duba fayil ɗin log 'script.log'don duk umarnin da aka yi rikodi, yayin da kuke duba log ɗin kun gane cewa rubutun kuma yana adana ciyarwar layi da wuraren baya.
[email ~ $ vi script.log
^[[0m^[[255D^[[01;[email ^[[01;34m ~ $^[[00m cal^M
September 2015 ^M
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa ^M
1 2 3 4 5 ^M
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 ^M
13 14 15 ^[[7m16^[[27m 17 18 19 ^M
20 21 22 23 24 25 26 ^M
27 28 29 30 ^M
^M
^[[01;[email ^[[01;34m ~ $^[[00m w^M
14:49:40 up 4:06, 2 users, load average: 1.37, 1.56, 1.62^M
USER TTY FROM [email IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT^M
tecmint tty8 :0 10:45 4:06m 7:40 0.36s x-session-manager^M
tecmint pts/5 :0 13:42 4.00s 0.07s 0.00s script script.log^M
^[[01;[email ^[[01;34m ~ $^[[00m uptime^M
14:49:43 up 4:06, 2 users, load average: 1.37, 1.56, 1.62^M
^[[01;[email ^[[01;34m ~ $^[[00m whoami^M
tecmint^M
^[[01;[email ^[[01;34m ~ $^[[00m echo ''^Hu'^Hs'^Hi'^Hn'^Hg'^H '^Hs'^Hc'^Hr'^Hi'^Hp'^Ht'^H^M
using script^M
^[[01;[email ^[[01;34m ~ $^[[00m exit^M
exit^M
Script done on Wednesday 16 September 2015 02:49:59 PM IST
~
Kuna iya amfani da zaɓin -a don ƙara fayil ɗin log ko rubutun rubutu, riƙe abubuwan da suka gabata.
[email ~ $ script -a script.log Script started, file is script.log [email ~ $ date Wed Sep 16 14:59:36 IST 2015 [email ~ $ pwd /home/tecmint [email ~ $ whereis script script: /usr/bin/script /usr/bin/X11/script /usr/share/man/man1/script.1.gz [email ~ $ whatis script script (1) - make typescript of terminal session
Duba abubuwan da ke cikin rubutun, shiga bayan amfani - zaɓi don saka shi.
[email ~ $ vi script.log
^[[0m^[[255D^[[01;[email ^[[01;34m ~ $^[[00m date^M Wed Sep 16 14:59:36 IST 2015^M ^[[01;[email ^[[01;34m ~ $^[[00m pwd^M /home/tecmint^M ^[[01;[email ^[[01;34m ~ $^[[00m whre^H^[[K^H^[[Kereis script^M script: /usr/bin/script /usr/bin/X11/script /usr/share/man/man1/script.1.gz^M ^[[01;[email ^[[01;34m ~ $^[[00m whatis script^M script (1) - make typescript of terminal session^M ^[[01;[email ^[[01;34m ~ $^[[00m vi s^H^[[K^H^[[K^H^[[K^H^[[Kexit^M exit^M
Don shigar da sakamakon umarni guda ɗaya ban da zaman harsashi mai mu'amala, yi amfani da zaɓin -c.
[email ~ $ script -c 'hostname' script.log Script started, file is script.log linux-console.net Script done, file is script.log
Idan kuna son rubutun ya gudana cikin yanayin shiru to zaku iya amfani da zaɓin -q. Ba za ku ga saƙon da ke nuna rubutun yana farawa ko fita ba.
[email ~ $ script -c 'who' -q script.log tecmint tty8 2015-09-16 10:45 (:0) tecmint pts/5 2015-09-16 13:42 (:0)
Don saita bayanin lokaci zuwa daidaitaccen kuskure ko fayil yi amfani da zaɓin –lokaci. Bayanan lokaci yana da amfani lokacin da kake son sake nuna kayan fitarwa da aka adana a cikin log_file.
Bari mu fara rubutun kuma mu aiwatar da umarni masu zuwa w, lokacin aiki da cal don yin rikodi.
[email ~ $ script --timing=time.txt script.log
Script started, file is script.log
[email ~ $ w
15:09:31 up 4:26, 2 users, load average: 1.38, 1.39, 1.47
USER TTY FROM [email IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT
tecmint tty8 :0 10:45 4:26m 8:15 0.38s x-session-manager
tecmint pts/5 :0 13:42 3.00s 0.09s 0.00s script --timing=time.txt script.log
[email ~ $ uptime
15:09:36 up 4:26, 2 users, load average: 1.43, 1.40, 1.48
[email ~ $ cal
September 2015
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16 17 18 19
20 21 22 23 24 25 26
27 28 29 30
Kuna iya duba fayil ɗin script.log da time.txt don umarnin lokaci na sama.
[email ~ $ vi script.log
^[[0m^[[255D^[[01;[email ^[[01;34m ~ $^[[00m w^M
15:12:05 up 4:28, 2 users, load average: 1.31, 1.37, 1.45^M
USER TTY FROM [email IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT^M
tecmint tty8 :0 10:45 4:28m 8:20 0.38s x-session-manager^M
tecmint pts/5 :0 13:42 5.00s 0.09s 0.00s script --timing=time.txt script.log^M
^[[01;[email ^[[01;34m ~ $^[[00m uptime^M
15:12:07 up 4:28, 2 users, load average: 1.29, 1.36, 1.45^M
^[[01;[email ^[[01;34m ~ $^[[00m cal^M
September 2015 ^M
Su Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa ^M
1 2 3 4 5 ^M
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 ^M
13 14 15 ^[[7m16^[[27m 17 18 19 ^M
20 21 22 23 24 25 26 ^M
27 28 29 30 ^M
^M
Yanzu duba time.txt fayil.
[email ~ $ vi time.txt
0.259669 306 0.037680 829 0.000006 2 0.000002 100 0.000002 2 0.000002 102 0.000019 202 0.000004 2 0.000002 102 0.000015 100 0.000002 2 0.000003 2 0.000002 99 0.000011 2 0.000003 82 ...
Fayil na time.txt yana da ginshiƙai biyu, shafi na farko yana nuna nawa lokaci ya wuce tun nunin ƙarshe da shafi na biyu, yana nuna adadin haruffan da aka nuna a wannan karon.
Yi amfani da shafin mutum da –help don neman ƙarin zaɓuɓɓuka da taimako a cikin amfani da kayan aikin umarni-rubutu.
Yin amfani da scriptreplay don sake kunna rubutun ta amfani da bayanan lokaci
Umurnin scriptreplay yana taimakawa don sake kunna bayanai a cikin log_file ɗinku da aka rubuta ta umarnin rubutun.
An bayyana bayanin lokaci ta zaɓin -timing=fayil da aka yi amfani da shi tare da umarnin rubutun kuma fayil a wannan yanayin shine file.txt wanda aka yi amfani da shi tare da umarnin rubutun.
Ka tuna kana buƙatar saka log_file ɗin da kuka yi amfani da shi tare da umarnin rubutun.
Yanzu bari mu sake kunna umarni uku na ƙarshe w, lokacin aiki da cal da muka gudanar kamar haka.
[email ~ $ scriptreplay --timing=time.txt script.log
Lokacin da log_file ya sake kunnawa ta amfani da bayanan lokaci, ana aiwatar da umarnin da aka yi rikodi kuma ana nuna fitowar su a lokaci guda an nuna ainihin fitarwa yayin da ake yin rikodi.
Takaitawa
Waɗannan umarni guda biyu, rubutun da kuma scriptreplay mai sauƙin amfani da taimako da yawa lokacin da kuke buƙatar gudanar da tsari iri ɗaya na umarni sau da yawa. Suna taimakawa sosai wajen sarrafa sabar waɗanda ke da layin umarni kawai don hulɗa tare da tsarin ku. Fata wannan jagorar ya kasance mai amfani kuma idan kuna da wani abu don ƙarawa ko fuskantar ƙalubale yayin amfani da su, kada ku yi shakka a buga sharhi.