Umarni masu fa'ida don Ƙirƙirar Sabar Taɗi na umarni da Cire fakitin da ba'a so a cikin Linux

Anan muna tare da sashi na gaba na Tukwici da Dabaru na Layin Umurnin Linux. Idan kun rasa post ɗinmu na baya akan Dabarun Linux zaku iya samunsa anan.

5 Dabarun Layin Umurnin Linux

A cikin wannan sakon za mu gabatar da shawarwarin layin umarni na 6 wato ƙirƙirar layin umarni na Linux ta amfani da umarnin Netcat, aiwatar da ƙarin shafi akan tashi daga fitowar umarni, cire fakitin marayu daga Debian da CentOS, sami IP na gida da nesa daga Layin umarni, sami fitarwa mai launi a cikin tashar kuma yanke lambar launi daban-daban kuma na ƙarshe amma ba ƙaramin aiwatar da alamun zanta ba a cikin layin umarni na Linux. Mu duba su daya bayan daya.

1. Ƙirƙiri Linux Commandline Chat Server

Dukanmu muna amfani da sabis na taɗi tun dogon lokaci. Mun saba da Google chat, Hangout, Facebook chat, Whatsapp, Hike da sauran aikace-aikacen da dama da ayyukan taɗi. Shin kun san umarnin Linux nc na iya sanya akwatin Linux ɗinku ya zama uwar garken taɗi tare da layin umarni ɗaya kawai.

nc shine rage darajar umarnin Linux netcat. Ana yawan kiran mai amfani da nc a matsayin wuka na sojojin Switzerland dangane da adadin abubuwan da aka gina a ciki. Ana amfani da shi azaman kayan aikin gyarawa, kayan aikin bincike, karatu da rubutu zuwa haɗin yanar gizo ta amfani da TCP/UDP, DNS gaba/baya dubawa.

Ana amfani da shi sosai don duba tashar jiragen ruwa, canja wurin fayil, bayan gida da sauraron tashar jiragen ruwa. nc yana da ikon yin amfani da kowane tashar jiragen ruwa da ba a yi amfani da shi ba da kowane adireshin cibiyar sadarwar gida.

Yi amfani da umarnin nc (Akan Sabar tare da adireshin IP: 192.168.0.7) don ƙirƙirar saƙon saƙon layin umarni nan take.

$ nc -l -vv -p 11119

Bayanin masu sauya umarni na sama.

-v : yana nufin Verbose
-vv : karin magana
-p : Lamban tashar jiragen ruwa na gida

Kuna iya maye gurbin 11119 tare da kowane lambar tashar jiragen ruwa na gida.

Na gaba akan na'urar abokin ciniki (adireshin IP: 192.168.0.15) gudanar da umarni mai zuwa don fara zaman tattaunawa zuwa na'ura (inda sabar saƙo ke gudana).

$ nc 192.168.0.7 11119

Lura: Kuna iya dakatar da zaman taɗi ta hanyar buga maɓalli ctrl+c sannan kuma nc taɗi sabis ne ɗaya zuwa ɗaya.

2. Yadda ake Takaita Ƙimar a cikin Rukunin Rukunin Linux

Yadda ake taƙaita ƙimar lambobi na ginshiƙi, waɗanda aka ƙirƙira azaman fitarwar umarni, akan tashi a cikin tasha.

Fitar da umarnin 'ls -l'.

$ ls -l

Lura cewa ginshiƙi na biyu lamba ne wanda ke wakiltar adadin mahaɗan alamomi kuma shafi na 5 lamba ne wanda ke wakiltar girman fayil ɗinsa. Ka ce muna buƙatar taƙaita ƙimar shafi na biyar akan tashi.

Jera abubuwan da ke cikin shafi na 5 ba tare da buga wani abu ba. Za mu yi amfani da umarnin 'awk' don yin wannan. '$5' yana wakiltar shafi na 5.

$ ls -l | awk '{print $5}'

Yanzu yi amfani da awk don buga jimlar fitarwa na shafi na 5 ta hanyar bututun shi.

$ ls -l | awk '{print $5}' | awk '{total = total + $1}END{print total}'

Yadda ake Cire Fakitin Marayu a cikin Linux?

Fakitin marayu su ne waɗancan fakitin waɗanda aka sanya su azaman dogaro na wani fakitin kuma ba a buƙatar su lokacin da aka cire ainihin fakitin.

Ka ce mun shigar da kunshin gtprogram wanda ya dogara da gtdependency. Ba za mu iya shigar da gtprogram ba sai an shigar da dogara ga gtdependency.

Lokacin da muka cire gtprogram ba zai cire gtdependency ta tsohuwa ba. Kuma idan ba mu cire gtdependency ba, zai kasance azaman Kunshin Orpahn ba tare da haɗi zuwa kowane fakitin ba.

# yum autoremove                [On RedHat Systems]

# apt-get autoremove                [On Debian Systems]

Ya kamata koyaushe ku cire Fakitin Marayu don kiyaye akwatin Linux ɗin da aka ɗora tare da kawai abubuwan da ake buƙata kuma babu wani abu.

4. Yadda ake samun Adireshin IP na gida da na Jama'a na Linux Server

Don samun adireshin IP na gida gudanar da rubutun layi ɗaya na ƙasa.

$ ifconfig | grep "inet addr:" | awk '{print $2}' | grep -v '127.0.0.1' | cut -f2 -d:

Dole ne ku shigar da ifconfig, idan ba haka ba, dace ko yum fakitin da ake buƙata. Anan za mu sanya bututun fitarwa na ifconfig tare da umarnin grep don nemo kirtani \intel addr:.

Mun san umarnin ifconfig ya isa don fitar da Adireshin IP na gida. Amma idanconfig yana haifar da kuri'a na sauran abubuwan fitarwa kuma damuwarmu anan shine samar da adireshin IP na gida kawai kuma ba komai.

# ifconfig | grep "inet addr:"

Kodayake fitarwa ya fi al'ada a yanzu, amma muna buƙatar tace adireshin IP na gida kawai kuma ba wani abu ba. Don wannan za mu yi amfani da awk don buga shafi na biyu kawai ta hanyar bututun shi da rubutun da ke sama.

# ifconfig | grep “inet addr:” | awk '{print $2}'

A bayyane daga hoton da ke sama cewa mun keɓance fitarwa sosai amma har yanzu ba abin da muke so ba. Adireshin madauki 127.0.0.1 yana nan a cikin sakamakon.

Muna amfani da tuta -v tare da grep wanda zai buga waɗancan layukan da ba su dace da wanda aka bayar a cikin gardama ba. Kowane na'ura yana da adireshin madauki guda 127.0.0.1, don haka yi amfani da grep -v don buga waɗannan layin da ba su da wannan kirtani, ta hanyar bututun shi tare da fitarwa na sama.

# ifconfig | grep "inet addr" | awk '{print $2}' | grep -v '127.0.0.1'

Mun kusan samar da fitarwar da ake so, kawai maye gurbin kirtani (addr:) daga farkon. Za mu yi amfani da yanke umarnin don buga shafi na biyu kawai. Ba a raba shafi na 1 da shafi na 2 ta shafin amma ta (:), don haka muna buƙatar amfani da mai iyakance (-d) ta hanyar bututun fitar da ke sama.

# ifconfig | grep "inet addr:" | awk '{print $2}' | grep -v '127.0.0.1' | cut -f2 -d:

A ƙarshe! An samar da sakamakon da ake so.

5. Yadda ake canza Terminal Linux

Wataƙila kun ga fitarwa mai launi a cikin tasha. Hakanan kuna sane don kunna/kashe fitarwa mai launi a cikin tasha. Idan ba haka ba kuna iya bin matakan da ke ƙasa.

A cikin Linux kowane mai amfani yana da fayil .bashrc, ana amfani da wannan fayil ɗin don sarrafa fitar da tashar ku. Buɗe kuma shirya wannan fayil tare da zaɓin editan ku. Lura cewa, wannan fayil yana ɓoye (dot farkon fayil yana nufin ɓoye).

$ vi /home/$USER/.bashrc

Tabbatar cewa waɗannan layukan da ke ƙasa ba su da wani bayani. watau, baya farawa da #.

if [ -x /usr/bin/dircolors ]; then
    test -r ~/.dircolors && eval "$(dircolors -b ~/.dircolors)" || eval "$(dirc$
    alias ls='ls --color=auto'
    #alias dir='dir --color=auto'
    #alias vdir='vdir --color=auto'

    alias grep='grep --color=auto'
    alias fgrep='fgrep --color=auto'
    alias egrep='egrep --color=auto'
fi

Da zarar an yi! Ajiye ku fita. Don yin canje-canjen da aka ɗauka su zama tasirin fita da sake shiga.

Yanzu za ku ga fayiloli da manyan fayiloli an jera su cikin launuka daban-daban dangane da nau'in fayil. Don yanke lambar launi gudanar da umarnin da ke ƙasa.

$ dircolors -p

Tun da abin da ake fitarwa ya yi tsayi da yawa, yana barin bututun fitar da kayan aiki tare da ƙarancin umarni ta yadda za mu iya fitar da allo ɗaya a lokaci guda.

$ dircolors -p | less

6. Yadda ake Hash Tag Linux Commands and Scripts

Muna amfani da alamun zanta akan Twitter, Facebook da Google Plus (watakila wasu wurare ne, ban lura ba). Wadannan hash tags suna sauƙaƙa wa wasu don bincika alamar hash. Kadan kaɗan ne suka san cewa za mu iya amfani da alamar hash a cikin layin umarni na Linux.

Mun riga mun san cewa # a cikin fayilolin sanyi kuma yawancin yarukan shirye-shirye ana ɗaukar su azaman layin sharhi kuma an cire su daga aiwatarwa.

Gudanar da umarni sannan ƙirƙirar alamar hash na umarnin don mu sami shi daga baya. Ka ce muna da dogon rubutun da aka aiwatar a aya ta 4 a sama. Yanzu ƙirƙirar alamar hash don wannan. Mun san ifconfig na iya gudana ta sudo ko tushen mai amfani don haka aiki azaman tushen.

# ifconfig | grep "inet addr:" | awk '{print $2}' | grep -v '127.0.0.1' | cut -f2 -d: #myip

Rubutun da ke sama an yi masa alama da 'myip'. Yanzu nemo alamar hash a reverse-i-serach (latsa ctrl+r), a cikin tashar kuma buga 'myip'. Kuna iya aiwatar da shi daga nan kuma.

Kuna iya ƙirƙirar alamun zanta da yawa don kowane umarni kuma ku same shi daga baya ta amfani da bincike-i-reverse.

Shi ke nan a yanzu. Mun yi aiki tuƙuru don samar muku da abubuwa masu ban sha'awa da ilimi. Me kuke tunanin yadda muke yi? Duk wata shawara tana maraba. Kuna iya yin sharhi a cikin akwatin da ke ƙasa. Ci gaba da haɗi! Godiya.