Jerin RHCSA: Amfani da Rarrabe da SSM don Sanyawa da Rufe Ma'ajiyar Tsarin - Sashe na 6
A cikin wannan labarin za mu tattauna yadda ake saitawa da daidaita tsarin ajiya na gida a cikin Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 ta amfani da kayan aikin gargajiya da kuma gabatar da Manajan Adana Tsarin (wanda aka fi sani da SSM), wanda ke sauƙaƙa wannan aikin sosai.
Don Allah a lura cewa za mu gabatar da wannan batu a cikin wannan labarin amma za mu ci gaba da bayaninsa da kuma amfani da shi a kan na gaba (Sashe na 7) saboda girman batun.
Ƙirƙirar da Gyara ɓangarori a cikin RHEL 7
A cikin RHEL 7, rabu shine tsoho mai amfani don aiki tare da ɓangarori, kuma zai ba ku damar:
- Nuna teburin rabo na yanzu
- Yi sarrafa (ƙara ko rage girman) ɓangarori masu wanzuwa
- Ƙirƙiri ɓangarori ta amfani da sarari kyauta ko ƙarin na'urorin ma'aji na zahiri
Ana ba da shawarar cewa kafin yunƙurin ƙirƙirar sabon bangare ko gyaggyara wani da ke akwai, ya kamata ku tabbatar da cewa ba a amfani da ɗayan ɓangaren na'urar (umount /dev/partition), kuma idan kana amfani da wani ɓangare na na'urar azaman musanya kana buƙatar kashe shi (swapoff -v /dev/partition) yayin aiwatarwa.
Hanya mafi sauƙi don yin wannan ita ce tada RHEL a yanayin ceto ta amfani da kafofin watsa labaru na shigarwa irin su RHEL 7 shigarwa DVD ko USB (Shirya matsala → Ceto tsarin Linux Red Hat Enterprise) kuma zaɓi Tsallake lokacin da aka sa ka zaɓi zaɓi don zaɓar zaɓi don zaɓin zaɓi. hawan shigar da Linux ɗin da ke akwai, kuma za a gabatar da ku tare da umarni da sauri inda za ku iya fara buga umarni iri ɗaya kamar yadda aka nuna kamar haka yayin ƙirƙirar bangare na yau da kullun a cikin na'ura ta zahiri wacce ba a amfani da ita.
Don fara rabuwa, a sauƙaƙe rubuta.
# parted /dev/sdb
Inda /dev/sdb shine na'urar da zaku ƙirƙiri sabon bangare; na gaba, rubuta bugu don nuna tebur ɗin ɓangaren drive na yanzu:
Kamar yadda kuke gani, a cikin wannan misalin muna amfani da faifan kama-da-wane na 5 GB. Yanzu za mu ci gaba da ƙirƙirar ɓangaren farko na 4 GB sannan mu tsara shi tare da tsarin fayil na xfs, wanda shine tsoho a cikin RHEL 7.
Kuna iya zaɓar daga tsarin fayil iri-iri. Kuna buƙatar ƙirƙirar ɓangaren da hannu tare da mkpart sannan ku tsara shi tare da mkfs.fstype kamar yadda aka saba saboda mkpart baya goyan bayan yawancin tsarin fayil na zamani daga waje.
A cikin misali mai zuwa za mu saita alamar don na'urar sannan mu ƙirƙiri ɓangaren farko (p) akan /dev/sdb, wanda ke farawa da kashi 0% na na'urar kuma yana ƙare a 4000 MB (4 GB):
Na gaba, za mu tsara ɓangaren azaman xfs kuma za mu sake buga teburin ɓangaren don tabbatar da cewa an yi amfani da canje-canje:
# mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb1 # parted /dev/sdb print
Don tsofaffin tsarin fayil, zaku iya amfani da umarnin sake girman da aka raba don sake girman bangare. Abin takaici, wannan kawai ya shafi ext2, fat16, fat32, hfs, linux-swap, da reiserfs (idan an shigar da libreiserfs).
Don haka, hanya daya tilo da za a sake girman bangare ita ce ta hanyar share shi da sake haifar da shi (don haka ka tabbata kana da kyakkyawan madadin bayananka!). Ba abin mamaki ba ne tsarin rarraba tsoho a cikin RHEL 7 ya dogara ne akan LVM.
Don cire bangare tare da rabuwa:
# parted /dev/sdb print # parted /dev/sdb rm 1
Manajan Ƙarar Ma'ana (LVM)
Da zarar an raba faifai, yana iya zama da wahala ko haɗari don canza girman ɓangaren. Don haka, idan muka yi shirin sake girman sassan da ke kan tsarinmu, ya kamata mu yi la'akari da yiwuwar amfani da LVM maimakon tsarin rarrabawa na yau da kullun, inda na'urorin jiki da yawa za su iya ƙirƙirar ƙungiyar ƙararrawa waɗanda za su karɓi ƙayyadaddun adadin ƙididdiga masu ma'ana, waɗanda ke da ma'ana. ana iya fadadawa ko rage ba tare da wata wahala ba.
A cikin sauƙi, zaku iya samun zane mai zuwa yana da amfani don tunawa da ainihin gine-gine na LVM.
Bi waɗannan matakan don saita LVM ta amfani da kayan aikin sarrafa ƙara na gargajiya. Tun da za ku iya faɗaɗa wannan batu karanta jerin LVM akan wannan rukunin yanar gizon, Zan kawai zayyana matakan asali don saita LVM, sannan in kwatanta su da aiwatar da ayyuka iri ɗaya tare da SSM.
Lura: Za mu yi amfani da faifai gabaɗaya /dev/sdb da /dev/sdc azaman PVs (Ƙarar Jiki) amma gaba ɗaya ya rage naku idan kuna son yin iri daya.
1. Ƙirƙiri ɓangarori /dev/sdb1 da /dev/sdc1 ta amfani da 100% na sararin faifai da ke cikin /dev/sdb da /dev/sdc:
# parted /dev/sdb print # parted /dev/sdc print
2. Ƙirƙiri juzu'ai 2 na zahiri a saman /dev/sdb1 da /dev/sdc1, bi da bi.
# pvcreate /dev/sdb1 # pvcreate /dev/sdc1
Ka tuna cewa zaku iya amfani da pvdisplay /dev/sd{b,c}1 don nuna bayani game da sabbin PVs da aka ƙirƙira.
3. Ƙirƙiri VG a saman PV ɗin da kuka ƙirƙiri a mataki na baya:
# vgcreate tecmint_vg /dev/sd{b,c}1
Ka tuna cewa zaka iya amfani da vgdisplay tecmint_vg don nuna bayani game da sabuwar VG da aka ƙirƙira.
4. Ƙirƙiri juzu'i na ma'ana guda uku a saman VG tecmint_vg, kamar haka:
# lvcreate -L 3G -n vol01_docs tecmint_vg [vol01_docs → 3 GB] # lvcreate -L 1G -n vol02_logs tecmint_vg [vol02_logs → 1 GB] # lvcreate -l 100%FREE -n vol03_homes tecmint_vg [vol03_homes → 6 GB]
Ka tuna cewa zaku iya amfani da lvdisplay tecmint_vg don nuna bayani game da sabbin LVs da aka ƙirƙira akan VG tecmint_vg.