Linux Mint Debian Edition 2 - Codename Betsy Shigarwa da Keɓancewa


Linux Mint yana ɗaya daga cikin rarraba Linux tebur mafi girma a yau. Linux Mint shine tushen rarrabawar Ubuntu wanda ke da nufin zama rarraba abokantaka na mai amfani da gida wanda ke da sumul, tsabta mai tsabta kuma yana ba da damar dacewa da kayan aiki gwargwadon iko. Duk waɗannan an haɗa su tare da ƙungiyar ci gaba wanda koyaushe ke ƙoƙarin ci gaba da rarrabawa cikin yanayin gaba.

Duk da yake manyan abubuwan Linux Mint (LM Cinnamon da LM Mate) sun samo asali ne daga Ubuntu, akwai bambance-bambancen da ba a san shi ba wanda ke yin babban ci gaba a cikin shekaru biyu da suka gabata. Tabbas, Linux Mint Debian Edition shine bambance-bambancen kuma batun wannan koyawa.

Kamar babban sigar Linux Mint, LMDE yana samuwa a cikin Cinnamon da Mate da kuma bambance-bambancen 32/64bit. A halin yanzu babu wani ''stable'' na LMDE2 amma wannan koyawa, hotunan allo, da aikawa an yi su ta amfani da sabon sa na LMDE2 64bit Cinnamon. Don haka a halin yanzu yana da kwanciyar hankali don waɗannan dalilai!

Duk da yake har yanzu wannan dan takarar ne na saki, duk abin da za a yi a cikin sakin hukuma ya riga ya kasance. Daga nan gaba zai zama ƙananan canje-canje da wasu gogewa na ƙarshe. Jerin abin da duk ya canza, da alama yana ɓoyewa a yanzu amma wasu manyan canje-canje a bayyane sun yi hanyarsu cikin wannan sakin kodayake:

  1. Cinnamon 2.4.6
  2. Linux 3.16
  3. Firefox 36
  4. BASH 4.3.30

Wata tambaya ita ce ko Systemd zai shiga cikin sakin ko a'a. Ba tare da shiga cikin gardama ba abin jin daɗi ne don ganin cewa ƙungiyar Mint Linux ba ta yi ƙoƙarin yin gaggawa da tura Systemd a cikin sakin ba, amma zai zama mai ban sha'awa don ganin abin da zai faru lokacin da Debian ya saki Jessie cikin kwanciyar hankali.

Shigar da Linux Mint Debian Edition 2 “Betsy”

1. Mataki na farko don shigar da LMDE2, shine samun fayil ɗin ISO daga gidan yanar gizon Linux Mint. Ana iya yin wannan ta hanyar zazzagewar http kai tsaye ko ta hanyar wget daga ƙirar layin umarni.

Url don saukewa: http://www.linuxmint.com/download_lmde.php

Wannan zai sauka a shafi inda dole ne a zaɓi tsarin gine-ginen CPU da yanayin tebur. Allon na gaba zai sa mai amfani ya nemi madubi don sauke hoton daga ko rafi don amfani. Ga waɗanda suka riga sun san cewa LMDE2 64-bit Cinnamon yana gare su, jin daɗin amfani da umarnin wget mai zuwa:

# cd ~/Downloads
# wget -c http://mirror.jmu.edu/pub/linuxmint/images//testing/lmde-2-201503-cinnamon-64bit-rc.iso

Dokokin da ke sama za su canza zuwa babban fayil ɗin zazzagewar mai amfani na yanzu sannan a ci gaba da zazzage fayil ɗin iso daga madubi anan cikin Amurka. Ga waɗanda ke karatu a waje, da fatan za a ziyarci hanyar zazzagewa a cikin sakin layi na sama don nemo madubi da ke kusa don saukewa cikin sauri!

2. Da zarar an sauke ISO, ko dai za a buƙaci a ƙone shi zuwa DVD ko kuma a kwafi a kan filasha. Hanyar da aka fi so kuma mafi sauƙi ita ce DVD amma wannan koyawa za ta yi tafiya ta yadda ake yin shi a kan kebul na USB. Fil ɗin zai buƙaci ya doke aƙalla 2GB a girman domin ya dace da hoton ISO kuma yana buƙatar cire duk bayanan daga ciki.

GARGADI!!! Matakan da ke biyowa za su sa duk bayanan da ke kan kebul na USB ba za su iya karantawa ba! Yi amfani da haɗarin ku.

3. Yanzu da disclaimer ya ɓace, buɗe taga layin umarni kuma saka kebul na USB a cikin kwamfutar. Da zarar an shigar da drive ɗin cikin kwamfutar, ana buƙatar tantance mai gano ta. Ana iya cika wannan tare da umarni daban-daban kuma yana da mahimmanci sosai don samun daidai. An ba da shawarar cewa mai amfani ya yi haka:

  1. Bude taga layin umarni
  2. Ba da umarni: lsblk
  3. Ka lura da waɗanne haruffan tuƙi sun riga sun wanzu (sda, sdb, da sauransu) ←Mahimmanci sosai!
  4. Yanzu toshe kebul na USB sannan a sake fitowa: lsblk
  5. Sabuwar wasiƙar da za ta bayyana ita ce na'urar da za a yi amfani da ita

Wannan koyawa /dev/sdc ita ce na'urar da za a yi amfani da ita. Wannan zai bambanta daga kwamfuta zuwa kwamfuta! Tabbatar ku bi matakan da ke sama daidai! Yanzu kewaya zuwa babban fayil ɗin zazzagewa a cikin CLI sannan za a yi amfani da kayan aiki da aka sani da 'dd' don kwafi hoton ISO zuwa kebul na USB.

GARGADI!!! Bugu da ƙari, wannan tsari zai sa duk bayanan da ke wannan kebul ɗin ba za su iya karantawa ba. Tabbatar cewa an adana bayanan kuma an ƙayyade sunan tuƙi mai dacewa daga matakan da ke sama. Wannan shine gargaɗin ƙarshe!

# cd ~/Downloads
# dd if=lmde-2-201503-cinnamon-64bit-rc.iso of=/dev/sdc bs=1M

Umurnin 'dd' da ke sama zai kwafi fayil ɗin iso zuwa faifan filasha yana sake rubuta duk bayanan da ke kan tuƙi. Wannan tsari kuma zai sa na'urar ta yi bootable. Idan an zazzage wani abu banda LMDE2 64bit Cinnamon, sunan bayan 'if=' zai buƙaci a canza shi yadda ya dace.

Maganar magana a nan tana da mahimmanci! Ana gudanar da wannan umarni tare da gata na tushen kuma idan an juyar da shigarwar/fitarwa, zai zama mummunan rana. Sau uku duba umarni, tushen, da na'urori masu zuwa kafin buga maɓallin shigar!

'dd' ba zai fitar da komai ba ga CLI don nuna cewa yana yin wani abu amma kada ku damu. Idan kebul na USB yana da alamar LED lokacin da ake rubuta bayanai, duba shi kuma duba ko yana walƙiya da sauri akan na'urar. Wannan shine kawai alamar cewa komai zai faru.

4. Da zarar ‘dd’ ya gama, a amince cire kebul ɗin kebul ɗin kuma sanya shi cikin injin da za a shigar da LMDE2 a kai kuma a buga injin ɗin zuwa kebul na USB. Idan komai ya yi kyau, allon ya kamata ya kunna menu na Linux Mint grub sannan ya shiga cikin allon da ke ƙasa!

Taya murna an ƙirƙiri LMDE2 kebul ɗin drive mai nasara kuma yanzu yana shirye don aiwatar da tsarin shigarwa. Daga wannan allon, danna alamar 'Shigar Linux Mint' akan tebur a ƙarƙashin babban fayil 'gida'. Wannan zai kaddamar da mai sakawa.