Shigar Cacti (Sabbin Kulawa) akan RHEL/CentOS 8/7 da Fedora 30

Kayan aikin Cacti shine tushen sa ido kan hanyar sadarwa na tushen yanar gizo da kuma tsarin saka idanu akan tsarin kasuwancin IT. Cacti yana bawa mai amfani damar yin zaɓe a cikin tazara na yau da kullun don ƙirƙirar zane-zane akan bayanan da aka samu ta amfani da RRDtool. Gabaɗaya, ana amfani da shi don zana bayanan-jerin lokaci na ma'auni kamar sararin diski, da sauransu.

A cikin wannan yadda ake yin, za mu nuna muku yadda ake shigarwa da saita cikakkiyar aikace-aikacen sa ido na cibiyar sadarwa da ake kira Cacti ta amfani da kayan aikin Net-SNMP akan tsarin RHEL, CentOS da Fedora ta amfani da kayan aikin sarrafa fakitin DNF.

Cacti yana buƙatar shigar da fakiti masu zuwa akan tsarin aiki na Linux kamar RHEL/CentOS/Fedora.

1. Apache : Sabar gidan yanar gizo don nuna zane-zanen cibiyar sadarwa da PHP da RRDTool suka kirkira.
2. MySQL : Sabar Database don adana bayanan cacti.
3. PHP : Tsarin rubutun don ƙirƙirar zane ta amfani da RRDTool.
4. PHP-SNMP : Tsawon PHP don SNMP don samun damar bayanai.
5. NET-SNMP : Ana amfani da SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) don sarrafa hanyar sadarwa.
6. RRDTool : Kayan aikin bayanai don sarrafawa da dawo da jerin bayanan lokaci kamar nauyin CPU, Bandwidth na hanyar sadarwa, da sauransu.

Lura: An nuna umarnin shigarwa anan an rubuta su bisa ga rarraba Linux CentOS 7.5.

Shigar da fakitin da ake buƙata na Cacti akan RHEL/CentOS/Fedora

Da farko, muna buƙatar shigar da fakitin dogaro ɗaya-bayan-ɗaya ta amfani da tsoffin kayan aikin sarrafa fakiti kamar yadda aka nuna.

# yum install httpd httpd-devel   [On RHEL/CentOS 7/6]
# dnf install httpd httpd-devel   [On RHEL/CentOS 8 and Fedora 30]

# yum install mysql mysql-server      [On RHEL/CentOS 6]

MariaDB cokali mai yatsa ce ta al'umma ta haɓaka aikin MySQL kuma tana ba da maye gurbin MySQL. A baya bayanan da ke goyan bayan hukuma shine MySQL a ƙarƙashin RHEL/CentOS da Fedora.

Kwanan nan, RedHat yana yin sabon ma'amala daga MySQL zuwa MariaDB, kamar yadda MariaDB shine tsoho aiwatar da MySQL a cikin RHEL/CentOS 8/7 da Fedora 19 gaba.

# yum install mariadb-server -y		[On RHEL/CentOS 7]
# dnf install mariadb-server -y         [On RHEL/CentOS 8 and Fedora 30]

# yum install php-mysql php-pear php-common php-gd php-devel php php-mbstring php-cli
OR
# dnf install php-mysql php-pear php-common php-gd php-devel php php-mbstring php-cli

# yum install php-snmp
OR
# dnf install php-snmp         

# yum install net-snmp-utils net-snmp-libs
OR
# dnf install net-snmp-utils net-snmp-libs

# yum install rrdtool
OR
# dnf install rrdtool

Zazzage Apache, MySQL, da Sabis na SNMP

Da zarar kun shigar da duk software ɗin da ake buƙata don shigarwa na Cacti, bari mu fara su ɗaya-bayan ɗaya ta amfani da bin umarni.

 service httpd start
 service mysqld start
 service snmpd start

 systemctl start httpd.service
 systemctl start mariadb.service
 systemctl start snmpd.service

Saita Hanyoyin Farawa Tsari

Ana saita Apache, MySQL da Sabis na SNMP don farawa akan taya.

 /sbin/chkconfig --levels 345 httpd on
 /sbin/chkconfig --levels 345 mysqld on
 /sbin/chkconfig --levels 345 snmpd on

 systemctl enable httpd.service
 systemctl enable mariadb.service
 systemctl enable snmpd.service

Shigar Cacti akan RHEL/CentOS/Fedora

Anan, kuna buƙatar shigarwa kuma kunna Ma'ajiyar EPEL. Da zarar kun kunna ma'ajiyar, rubuta umarnin mai zuwa don shigar da aikace-aikacen Cacti.

# yum install cacti         [On RHEL/CentOS 7]
# dnf install cacti         [On RHEL/CentOS 8 and Fedora 30]

Ana saita MySQL Server don Shigar Cacti

Muna buƙatar saita MySQL don Cacti, don yin wannan muna buƙatar tabbatar da sabuwar uwar garken MySQL sannan za mu ƙirƙiri bayanan Cacti tare da mai amfani Cacti. Idan an riga an shigar da ku MySQL kuma an kiyaye ku, to kada ku sake yin hakan.

# mysql_secure_installation

Shiga cikin uwar garken MySQL tare da sabuwar kalmar sirri da aka ƙirƙira kuma ƙirƙirar bayanan Cacti tare da Cacti mai amfani kuma saita kalmar wucewa don shi.

 mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> create database cacti;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> GRANT ALL ON cacti.* TO [email  IDENTIFIED BY 'tecmint';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> FLUSH privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit;
Bye

 mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 3
Server version: 5.5.41-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> create database cacti;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL ON cacti.* TO [email  IDENTIFIED BY 'tecmint';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> quit;
Bye

Nemo hanyar fayil ɗin bayanai ta amfani da umarnin RPM, don shigar da tebur cacti a cikin sabbin bayanan Cacti da aka ƙirƙira, yi amfani da umarni mai zuwa.

# rpm -ql cacti | grep cacti.sql

/usr/share/doc/cacti-1.2.6/cacti.sql
OR
/usr/share/doc/cacti/cacti.sql

Yanzu muna da wurin fayil ɗin Cacti.sql, rubuta umarnin mai zuwa don shigar da tebur, anan kuna buƙatar buga kalmar wucewar mai amfani da Cacti.

 mysql -u cacti -p cacti < /usr/share/doc/cacti-0.8.8b/cacti.sql
Enter password:

Bude fayil ɗin da ake kira /etc/cacti/db.php tare da kowane edita.

# vi /etc/cacti/db.php

Yi canje-canje masu zuwa kuma ajiye fayil ɗin. Tabbatar kun saita kalmar sirri daidai.

/* make sure these values reflect your actual database/host/user/password */
$database_type = "mysql";
$database_default = "cacti";
$database_hostname = "localhost";
$database_username = "cacti";
$database_password = "your-password-here";
$database_port = "3306";
$database_ssl = false;

Ana saita Firewall don Cacti

 iptables -A INPUT -p udp -m state --state NEW --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
 iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
 service iptables save

 firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=http
 firewall-cmd --reload

Yana daidaita Sabar Apache don Shigar Cacti

Buɗe fayil mai suna /etc/httpd/conf.d/cacti.conf tare da zaɓin editan ku.

# vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/cacti.conf

Kuna buƙatar kunna damar yin amfani da aikace-aikacen Cacti don hanyar sadarwar gida ko kowane matakin IP. Misali, mun ba da damar shiga cibiyar sadarwar LAN ta gida 172.16.16.0/20. A cikin yanayin ku, zai bambanta.

Alias /cacti    /usr/share/cacti
 
<Directory /usr/share/cacti/>
        Order Deny,Allow
        Deny from all
        Allow from 172.16.16.0/20
</Directory>

A cikin sabuwar sigar Apache (misali: Apache 2.4), kuna iya buƙatar canzawa bisa ga saitunan masu zuwa.

Alias /cacti    /usr/share/cacti

<Directory /usr/share/cacti/>
        <IfModule mod_authz_core.c>
                # httpd 2.4
                Require all granted
        </IfModule>
        <IfModule !mod_authz_core.c>
                # httpd 2.2
                Order deny,allow
                Deny from all
                Allow from all
        </IfModule>
</Directory>

A ƙarshe, sake kunna sabis na Apache.

 service httpd restart				[On RHEL/CentOS 6 and Fedora 18-12]
 systemctl restart httpd.service		[On RHEL/CentOS 8/7 and Fedora 19 onwards]

Saita Cron don Cacti

Bude fayil /etc/cron.d/cacti.

# vi /etc/cron.d/cacti

Uncomment na gaba layi. Rubutun poller.php yana gudana kowane 5mins kuma yana tattara bayanan sanannen mai watsa shiri wanda aikace-aikacen Cacti ke amfani dashi don nuna hotuna.

#*/5 * * * *    cacti   /usr/bin/php /usr/share/cacti/poller.php > /dev/null 2>&1

Gudanar da Saitin Shigar Cacti

A ƙarshe, Cacti yana shirye, kawai je zuwa http://YOUR-IP-HERE/cacti/ & bi umarnin mai sakawa ta cikin allon masu zuwa. Shigar da tsoffin bayanan shiga kuma danna maɓallin Shigar.

User: admin
Password: admin

Na gaba, canza tsoho kalmar sirri ta Cacti.

Karɓi Yarjejeniyar Lasisi Cacti.

Na gaba, allon yana nuna Pre-installing Checks don shigarwar Cacti, da fatan za a gyara saitunan da aka ba da shawara a cikin fayil ɗin /etc/php.ini kamar yadda aka nuna kuma sake kunna Apache bayan yin canje-canje.

memory_limit = 800M
max_execution_time = 60
date.timezone = Asia/Kolkata

Hakazalika, kuna buƙatar ba da damar yin amfani da bayanan MySQL TimeZone don Cacti mai amfani, ta yadda bayanan ɗin ya cika da bayanan TimeZone na duniya.

mysql> use mysql;
mysql> GRANT SELECT ON mysql.time_zone_name TO [email ;
mysql> flush privileges;

Da fatan za a zaɓi Nau'in shigarwa azaman Sabon Shigarwa.

Tabbatar cewa duk waɗannan izini na kundin adireshi daidai ne kafin ci gaba.

Tabbatar cewa duk waɗannan Wuraren Binaryar Mahimmanci da ƙimar ƙimar daidai suke kafin ci gaba.

Da fatan za a zaɓi tsoffin Bayanan Bayanan Bayanan da za a yi amfani da su don tushen jefa kuri'a.

Da fatan za a zaɓi Samfuran Na'urar da kuke son amfani da su bayan Shigar Cacti.

Saita Rukunin Sabar a cikin fayil ɗin sanyi na MySQL /etc/my.cnf ƙarƙashin sashin [mysqld] kamar yadda aka nuna.

[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8mb4
collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci

Sabar Cacti ta kusan shirye. Da fatan za a tabbatar da cewa kuna farin cikin ci gaba.

Don ƙarin bayani da amfani don Allah ziyarci Shafin Cacti.