Yadda ake Saita Ma'aunin Ma'aunin Maɗaukakin Sami tare da HAProxy don Sarrafa Sabar Sabar Yanar Gizo
HAProxy yana tsaye don Babban Samuwar wakili. Aikace-aikace ne na kyauta kuma buɗaɗɗen tushe da aka rubuta cikin Harshen shirye-shiryen C. Ana amfani da aikace-aikacen HAProxy azaman TCP/HTTP Load Balancer kuma don Magani na wakili. Mafi yawan amfani da aikace-aikacen HAProxy shine rarraba nauyin aiki a cikin sabobin da yawa misali, sabar yanar gizo, uwar garken bayanai, da dai sauransu don haka inganta aikin gaba ɗaya da amincin yanayin uwar garke.
Ana amfani da aikace-aikacen mai inganci da sauri da yawa daga cikin sanannun ƙungiyar duniya waɗanda suka haɗa amma ba'a iyakance su ba - Twitter, Reddit, GitHub da Amazon. Akwai don Linux, BSD, Solaris da AIX dandamali.
A cikin wannan koyawa, za mu tattauna tsarin kafa babban ma'aunin nauyi mai yawa ta amfani da HAProxy don sarrafa zirga-zirgar aikace-aikacen HTTP (sabar yanar gizo) ta hanyar raba buƙatun a cikin sabobin da yawa.
Don wannan labarin, muna amfani da mafi kwanan nan barga saki na HAProxy version watau 1.5.10 da aka saki a kan Disamba 31st 2014. Kuma muna amfani da CentOS 6.5 don wannan saitin, amma umarnin da ke ƙasa yana aiki akan CentOS/RHEL/Fedora da Ubuntu/Debian rabawa.
Anan uwar garken HAProxy mai ɗaukar nauyi da ke da sunan mai masauki kamar websrv.tecmintlocal.com tare da adireshin IP 192.168.0.125.
Operating System : CentOS 6.5 IP Address : 192.168.0.125 Hostname : websrv.tecmintlocal.com
Sauran injunan guda huɗu suna aiki tare da sabar yanar gizo kamar Apache.
Web Server #1 : CentOS 6.5 [IP: 192.168.0.121] - [hostname: web1srv.tecmintlocal.com] Web Server #2 : CentOS 6.5 [IP: 192.168.0.122] - [hostname: web2srv.tecmintlocal.com] Web Server #3 : CentOS 6.5 [IP: 192.168.0.123] - [hostname: web3srv.tecmintlocal.com] Web Server #4 : CentOS 6.5 [IP: 192.168.0.124] - [hostname: web4srv.tecmintlocal.com]
Mataki 1: Sanya Apache akan Injin Abokin Ciniki
1. Da farko dole ne mu shigar Apache a cikin duk uwar garken guda huɗu kuma mu raba kowane ɗayan rukunin yanar gizon, don shigar da Apache a cikin duk uwar garken guda huɗu anan za mu yi amfani da bin umarni.
# yum install httpd [On RedHat based Systems] # apt-get install apache2 [On Debian based Systems]
2. Bayan shigar Apache uwar garken yanar gizo a kan dukkan na'urorin abokin ciniki guda hudu, za ku iya tabbatar da kowa na uwar garken ko Apache yana gudana ta hanyar shiga ta hanyar adireshin IP a browser.
http://192.168.0.121
Mataki 2: Shigar da uwar garken HAProxy
3. A cikin mafi yawan rarrabawar Linux na zamani na yau, HAPRoxy za a iya shigar da shi cikin sauƙi daga ma'auni na asali ta hanyar amfani da mai sarrafa fakitin yum ko apt-get.
Misali, don shigar da HAProxy akan RHEL/CentOS/Fedora da sigar Debian/Ubuntu, gudanar da umarni mai zuwa. Anan na haɗa kunshin openssl kuma, saboda za mu saita HAProxy tare da tallafin SSL da NON-SSL.
# yum install haproxy openssl-devel [On RedHat based Systems] # apt-get install haproxy [On Debian based Systems]
Lura: A kan Debian Whezzy 7.0, muna buƙatar kunna wuraren ajiyar bayanan baya ta hanyar ƙara sabon fayil backports.list a ƙarƙashin /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ directory tare da abun ciki mai zuwa.
# echo "deb http://cdn.debian.net/debian wheezy-backports main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/backports.list
Na gaba, sabunta bayanan ma'ajiyar bayanai kuma shigar da HAProxy.
# apt-get update # apt-get install haproxy -t wheezy-backports
Mataki 3: Sanya HAProxy Logs
4. Na gaba, muna buƙatar kunna fasalin shiga cikin HAProxy don ƙaddamarwa na gaba. Bude babban fayil ɗin sanyi na HAProxy '/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg' tare da zaɓin editan ku.
# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
Na gaba, bi takamaiman umarnin distro don saita fasalin shiga cikin HAProxy.
Karkashin #Global settings, kunna layi mai zuwa.
log 127.0.0.1 local2
Karkashin #Global settings, maye gurbin wadannan layukan,
log /dev/log local0 log /dev/log local1 notice
Tare da,
log 127.0.0.1 local2
5. Na gaba, muna buƙatar kunna liyafar UDP syslog a cikin '/etc/rsyslog.conf' fayil ɗin sanyi don raba fayilolin log don HAProxy a ƙarƙashin /var/log directory. Bude fayil ɗin ku na 'rsyslog.conf' tare da zaɓin editan ku.
# vim /etc/rsyslog.conf
Uncommnet ModLoad da UDPServerRun, Anan uwar garken namu zai saurari Port 514 don tattara rajistan ayyukan cikin syslog.
# Provides UDP syslog reception $ModLoad imudp $UDPServerRun 514
6. Na gaba, muna buƙatar ƙirƙirar fayil ɗin daban 'haproxy.conf' ƙarƙashin'/etc/rsyslog.d/' directory don saita fayilolin log daban.
# vim /etc/rsyslog.d/haproxy.conf
Saka layi mai biyo baya zuwa sabon fayil ɗin ƙirƙira.
local2.* /var/log/haproxy.log
A ƙarshe, sake kunna sabis na rsyslog don sabunta sabbin canje-canje.
# service rsyslog restart